ABSTRACT
Abstract The identification of barriers to regular physical activity (PA) is a form of an initial and effective strategy to encourage behavior modification and adherence to a more active lifestyle in hypertensive patients. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the barriers to PA practice in patients with hypertension classified as physically inactive and to analyze the association of the number of these barriers with sociodemographic factors and health indicators. Two hundred one hypertensive patients of both sexes (61.7±12.7 years) answered an anamnesis with health information and sociodemographic data, a PA level questionnaire, and a barrier questionnaire for the practice of PA. Regarding the level of PA of the participants, 48.8% were classified as physically inactive and reported, on average, 6.1 (±3.8) barriers to PA practice, with the barrier "fear of falling or getting hurt" the most commonly reported. Furthermore, women and patients with low education, negative perception of health, and a greater presence of comorbidities reported a greater number of barriers to PA practice. PA practice as a non-pharmacological tool for the treatment of hypertension should focus on women and patients with low education, negative perception of health, and a greater presence of associated comorbidities.
Resumo A identificação de barreiras à atividade física regular (AF) é uma forma de estratégia inicial e eficaz para encorajar a modificação do comportamento e a adesão a um estilo de vida mais ativo em pacientes hipertensivos. Este estudo transversal visou identificar as barreiras à prática de AF em pacientes com hipertensão classificados como fisicamente inativos e analisar a associação do número destas barreiras com fatores sociodemográficos e indicadores de saúde. Duzentos e um pacientes hipertensos de ambos os sexos (61.7±12.7 anos) responderam a uma anamnese com informações de saúde e dados sociodemográficos, um questionário de nível de AF, e um questionário de barreira para a prática de AF. Relativamente ao nível de AF dos participantes, 48,8% foram classificados como fisicamente inativos e reportaram, em média, 6,1 (±3,8) barreiras à prática de AF, sendo a barreira "medo de cair ou de se magoar" a mais frequentemente reportada. Além disso, mulheres e pacientes com baixa educação, percepção negativa da saúde, e uma maior presença de comorbidades reportaram um maior número de barreiras à prática de AF. A prática de AF como ferramenta não farmacológica para o tratamento da hipertensão deve ter como foco mulheres e pacientes com baixa escolaridade, percepção negativa de saúde e maior presença de comorbidades associadas.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of two models of combined training (CT) (aerobic and resistance exercise realized in the same training session), with aerobic training performed in different environments (indoor or outdoor), on blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and affective response in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. Twenty-six participants were allocated, in a non-randomized design, into CT with aerobic exercise performed indoors (ICT) or outdoors (OCT). Both groups were submitted to three weekly CT sessions, with aerobic exercises performed on ergometers or an athletics track. Before and after nine weeks of training, BP and HR at rest were measured. In the last session of the training, the affective response was collected. The individuals were 65.8 ± 7.8 (ICT) and 67.3 ± 8.2 (OCT) years. Lower values of diastolic BP were observed for the OCT group at post-training (p < 0.001). Moreover, in OCT, a significant inverse correlation was identified between the affective response to training and changes in systolic BP (r = −0.60; p = 0.03) and mean BP (r = −0.62; p = 0.02). In conclusion, CT, with aerobic exercise performed outdoors, seems to be more effective in reducing BP with better affective responses to training.
