ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, the frequency of serum chromium deficiency in patients awaiting bariatric surgery has not been determined. This study was designed to assess chromium concentration and its association with glycemic levels and lipid profile in patients prior to bariatric surgery. METHODS: This study recruited 73 candidates for bariatric surgery between March and September 2012. Their sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected. RESULTS: Of the 73 patients, 55 (75.3%) were women (75.34%). Mean patient age was 37.20 ± 9.92 years, and mean body mass index was 47.48 kg/m2 (range, 43.59 to 52.50 kg/m2). Chromium deficiency was observed in 64 patients (87.7%). Correlation analysis showed significant negative relationships between chromium concentration and BMI and zinc concentration and a significant positive relationship between chromium and glycated hemoglobin. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum chromium concentration was significantly associated with total cholesterol (ß = 0.171, p = 0.048) and triglyceride (ß = -0.181, p = 0.039) concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Serum chromium deficiency is frequent in candidates for bariatric surgery and is associated with total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Early nutritional interventions are needed to reduce nutritional deficiencies and improve the lipid profile of these patients.
Subject(s)
Bariatric Surgery/methods , Cholesterol/metabolism , Chromium/metabolism , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Patient Selection , Preoperative Care , Adult , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Body Mass Index , Chromium/deficiency , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feeding Behavior , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Humans , Lipids/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Nutritional Status , Obesity, Morbid/blood , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Triglycerides/metabolismABSTRACT
The Aim of this study was to evaluated the effects of the ethanol extract of Rauvolfia ligustrina Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Apocynaceae, roots (EER) in animal models of epilepsy. The EER increased the latency for convulsions significantly different from control (p<0,05) and in the PTZ induced convulsions test on 62,5 mg/kg (i.p.) decreased mortality. This effect was blocked by flumazenil administration, suggesting an involvement of GABAergic system in the anticonvulsant activity of EER. The EER had a moderate effect only against PIC- or STR-induced convulsions at doses 125 and 250 mg/kg. But in the MES test it did not demonstrate effect on this animal model. Therefore, the EER reduced the development of PTZ-induced kindling in both experimental groups. It also significantly (p<0.05) decreased the latency for convulsions and reduced its percentage. Our results suggest that EER owns anticonvulsant property.
O presente estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos do extrato etanólico das raízes de Rauvolfia ligustrina Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Apocynaceae, (EER) e sua possível atividade anticonvulsivante em roedores. No teste das convulsões induzidas pelo pentilenotetrazol (PTZ) os animais tratados com EER, 250 mg/kg (i.p.), apresentaram aumento significativo (p<0,05) da latência para o aparecimento das convulsões (328,9±47,5) quando comparado aos do grupo controle (103,5±21,8) e reduziu o número de óbitos. Esse efeito foi bloqueado pela administração do flumazenil. O EER produziu aumento significativo (p<0,05) na latência nos testes da picrotoxina (PIC) e da estricnina (EST), nas maiores doses. No modelo do eletrochoque auricular o EER não produziu alterações significativas em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. Entretanto, no modelo do abrasamento induzido pelo PTZ, a administração com o EER produziu um efeito protetor, atenuando de forma significativa (p<0,05) o desenvolvimento e a severidade das crises convulsivas. Os resultados, sugerem que o EER induziu efeito anticonvulsivante em roedores e que o sistema GABAérgico pode estar envolvido nessa resposta.
ABSTRACT
Terpinen-4-ol is a monoterpenoid alcohol and component of the essential oils of several aromatic plants. Similarly to terpinen-4-ol, other monoterpenoid alcohols have shown anticonvulsant activity in convulsion animal models. The present study aimed to investigate the anticonvulsant activity of terpinen-4-ol. Treatment of mice with terpinen-4-ol (200 mg/kg) caused a significant decrease in the spontaneous motor activity at 30, 60 and 120 min after administration. Terpinen-4-ol (100 and 200 mg/kg) produced a significant dose-dependent increase in the duration of sleeping in mice. Pretreatment of mice with terpinen-4-ol at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg significantly increased the latency of pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions. Terpinen-4-ol (200 and 300 mg/kg) also inhibited the induced seizures of picrotoxin. In another model, maximal electroshock seizure, terpinen-4-ol decreased the tonic hind convulsions percentage at the dose of 300 mg/kg. From the overall results we can conclude that terpinen-4-ol showed a depressant effect on the central nervous system and significant anticonvulsant activity.
Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Seizures/drug therapy , Terpenes/pharmacology , Animals , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Disease Models, Animal , Electroshock , Hypnosis , Male , Mice , Motor Activity/drug effects , Phenobarbital/pharmacology , Picrotoxin , Terpenes/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Neste estudo, foram realizados ensaios clínicos toxicológicos, fase I, do produto fitoterápico composto pelas plantas medicinais Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Plectranthus amboinicus Lour e Eucalyptus globulus Labill. O estudo foi realizado no Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley/UFPB/PB e, para isto, foram selecionados 28 voluntários sadios, sendo 14 homens e 14 mulheres que ingeriram por via oral, ininterruptamente durante 8 semanas, 15 mL do produto, três vezes ao dia; e no 3º e 7º dia, 3ª e 6ª semanas e 24 h após a 8ª semana, foram feitas avaliações clínicas e laboratoriais para análise da toxicidade aguda e crônica. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os pacientes não apresentaram alterações clínicas, laboratoriais e reações adversas significantes, apenas pequenas alterações foram detectadas no sangue através da aspartato transaminase (AST) e fosfatase alcalina no grupo feminino para um p < 0,05; no entanto, estes valores determinados permaneceram dentro dos valores de normalidade para indivíduos adultos. Conclui-se que estes dados, em complementação àqueles obtidos com os estudos pré-clínicos, confirmam a baixa toxicidade do produto fitoterápico.
In this study, phase I clinical toxicological assays of the herbal medicine composed of the medicinal plants Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Plectranthus amboinicus Lour and Eucaliptus globulus Labill were performed. The study was carried out at Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley/UFPB/PB/Brazil and for this purpose, 28 healthy volunteers were chosen, 14 men and 14 women who ingested 15 mL of the medicine per oral, with no interruption, three times a day; and on the 3rd and 7th days, on the 3rd and 6th weeks and 24h after the 8th week, clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed to analyze the acute and chronic toxicity. As results, the patients did not show significant clinical and laboratory alterations and adverse reactions, only little alterations were detected in blood through aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase in the female group to a p < 0.05; however, these values are according to the normality standard for adult individuals. It can be concluded that these data, complementary to those obtained with the preclinical studies, confirm the low toxicity of the herbal medicine.
