ABSTRACT
AIMS: To analyse the association of myocardial oedema (ME), observed as high T2 signal intensity (HT2) in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, with the release of cardiac biomarkers, ventricular ejection, and clinical outcomes after revascularization. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with stable coronary artery disease with the indication for revascularization were included. Biomarker levels [troponin I (cTnI) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB)] and T2-weighted and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images were obtained before and after the percutaneous or surgical revascularization procedures. The association of HT2 with the levels of biomarkers, with and without LGE, evolution of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and 5-year clinical outcomes were assessed. A total of 196 patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (HT2, 40) and Group 2 (no HT2, 156). Both peak cTnI (8.9 and 1.6 ng/mL) and peak CK-MB values (44.7 and 12.1 ng/mL) were significantly higher in Group 1. Based on the presence of new LGE, patients were stratified into Groups A (no HT2/LGE, 149), B (HT2, 9), C (LGE, 7), and D (both HT2/LGE, 31). The peak cTnI and CK-MB values were 1.5 and 12.0, 5.4 and 44.7, 5.0 and 18.3, and 9.8 and 42.8 ng/mL in Groups A, B, C, and D, respectively, and were significantly different. The average LVEF decreased by 4.4% in Group 1 and increased by 2.2% in Group 2 (P = 0.057). CONCLUSION: ME after revascularization procedures was associated with increased release of cardiac necrosis biomarkers, and a trend towards a difference in LVEF, indicating a role of ME in cardiac injury after interventions.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media , Ventricular Function, Left , Humans , Stroke Volume , Gadolinium , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Biomarkers , Creatine Kinase, MB Form , Edema , Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The non-invasive quantification of the fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) using a more recent version of an artificial intelligence-based software and latest generation CT scanner (384 slices) may show high performance to detect coronary ischemia. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of FFRCT for the detection of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in contrast to invasive FFR (iFFR) using previous generation CT scanners (128 and 256- detector rows). METHODS: Retrospective study with patients referred to coronary artery CT angiography (CTA) and catheterization (iFFR) procedures. Siemens Somatom Definition Flash (256-detector rows) and AS+ (128-detector rows) CT scanners were used to acquire the images. The FFRCT and the minimal lumen area (MLA) were evaluated using a dedicated software (cFFR version 3.0.0, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany). Obstructive CAD was defined as CTA lumen reduction ≥ 50%, and flow-limiting stenosis as iFFR ≤0.8. All reported P values are two-tailed, and when <0.05, they were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Ninety-three consecutive patients (152 vessels) were included. There was good agreement between FFRCT and iFFR, with minimal FFRCT overestimation (bias: -0.02; limits of agreement:0.14-0.09). Different CT scanners did not modify the association between FFRCT and FFRi (p for interaction=0.73). The performance of FFRCT was significantly superior compared to the visual classification of coronary stenosis (AUC 0.93vs.0.61, p<0.001) and to MLA (AUC 0.93vs.0.75, p<0.001), reducing the number of false-positive cases. The optimal cut-off point for FFRCT using a Youden index was 0.85 (87% Sensitivity, 86% Specificity, 73% PPV, 94% NPV), with a reduction of false-positives. CONCLUSION: Machine learning-based FFRCT using previous generation CT scanners (128 and 256-detector rows) shows good diagnostic performance for the detection of CAD, and can be used to reduce the number of invasive procedures.
FUNDAMENTO: A quantificação não invasiva da reserva fracionada de fluxo miocárdico (FFR TC ) através de software baseado em inteligência artificial em versão mais atualizada e tomógrafo de última geração (384 cortes) apresenta elevada performance na detecção de isquemia coronariana. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o desempenho diagnóstico da FFR TC na detecção de doença arterial coronariana (DAC) significativa em relação ao FFRi, em tomógrafos de gerações anteriores (128 e 256 cortes). MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo com pacientes encaminhados à angiotomografia de artérias coronárias (TCC) e cateterismo (FFRi). Foram utilizados os tomógrafos Siemens Somatom Definition Flash (256 cortes) e AS+ (128 cortes). A FFR TC e a área luminal mínima (ALM) foram avaliadas em software (cFFR versão 3.0.0, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Alemanha). DAC obstrutiva foi definida como TCC com redução luminal ≥50% e DAC funcionalmente obstrutiva como FFRi ≤0,8. Todos os valores de p reportados são bicaudais; e quando <0,05, foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. RESULTADOS: Noventa e três pacientes consecutivos (152 vasos) foram incluídos. Houve boa concordância entre FFR TC e FFRi, com mínima superestimação da FFR TC (viés: 0,02; limites de concordância: 0,14 a 0,09). Diferentes tomógrafos não modificaram a relação entre FFR TC e FFRi (p para interação = 0,73). A FFR TC demonstrou performance significativamente superior à classificação visual de estenose coronariana (AUC 0,93 vs. 0,61, p <0,001) e à ALM (AUC 0,93 vs. 0,75, p <0,001) reduzindo o número de casos falso-positivos. O melhor ponto de corte para a FFR TC utilizando um índice de Youden foi de 0,85 (sensiblidade, 87%; especificidade, 86%; VPP, 73%; NPV, 94%), com redução de falso-positivos. CONCLUSÃO: FFR TC baseada em inteligência artificial, em tomógrafos de gerações anteriores (128 e 256 cortes), apresenta boa performance diagnóstica na detecção de DAC, podendo ser utilizada para reduzir procedimentos invasivos.
Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Disease , Coronary Stenosis , Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial , Artificial Intelligence , Computed Tomography Angiography , Constriction, Pathologic , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Vessels , Humans , Machine Learning , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Resumo Fundamento A quantificação não invasiva da reserva fracionada de fluxo miocárdico (FFR TC ) através de software baseado em inteligência artificial em versão mais atualizada e tomógrafo de última geração (384 cortes) apresenta elevada performance na detecção de isquemia coronariana. Objetivos Avaliar o desempenho diagnóstico da FFR TC na detecção de doença arterial coronariana (DAC) significativa em relação ao FFRi, em tomógrafos de gerações anteriores (128 e 256 cortes). Métodos Estudo retrospectivo com pacientes encaminhados à angiotomografia de artérias coronárias (TCC) e cateterismo (FFRi). Foram utilizados os tomógrafos Siemens Somatom Definition Flash (256 cortes) e AS+ (128 cortes). A FFR TC e a área luminal mínima (ALM) foram avaliadas em software (cFFR versão 3.0.0, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Alemanha). DAC obstrutiva foi definida como TCC com redução luminal ≥50% e DAC funcionalmente obstrutiva como FFRi ≤0,8. Todos os valores de p reportados são bicaudais; e quando <0,05, foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados Noventa e três pacientes consecutivos (152 vasos) foram incluídos. Houve boa concordância entre FFR TC e FFRi, com mínima superestimação da FFR TC (viés: -0,02; limites de concordância: 0,14 a 0,09). Diferentes tomógrafos não modificaram a relação entre FFR TC e FFRi (p para interação = 0,73). A FFR TC demonstrou performance significativamente superior à classificação visual de estenose coronariana (AUC 0,93 vs. 0,61, p <0,001) e à ALM (AUC 0,93 vs. 0,75, p <0,001) reduzindo o número de casos falso-positivos. O melhor ponto de corte para a FFR TC utilizando um índice de Youden foi de 0,85 (sensiblidade, 87%; especificidade, 86%; VPP, 73%; NPV, 94%), com redução de falso-positivos. Conclusão FFR TC baseada em inteligência artificial, em tomógrafos de gerações anteriores (128 e 256 cortes), apresenta boa performance diagnóstica na detecção de DAC, podendo ser utilizada para reduzir procedimentos invasivos.
Abstract Background The non-invasive quantification of the fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) using a more recent version of an artificial intelligence-based software and latest generation CT scanner (384 slices) may show high performance to detect coronary ischemia. Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic performance of FFRCT for the detection of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in contrast to invasive FFR (iFFR) using previous generation CT scanners (128 and 256- detector rows). Methods Retrospective study with patients referred to coronary artery CT angiography (CTA) and catheterization (iFFR) procedures. Siemens Somatom Definition Flash (256-detector rows) and AS+ (128-detector rows) CT scanners were used to acquire the images. The FFRCT and the minimal lumen area (MLA) were evaluated using a dedicated software (cFFR version 3.0.0, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany). Obstructive CAD was defined as CTA lumen reduction ≥ 50%, and flow-limiting stenosis as iFFR ≤0.8. All reported P values are two-tailed, and when <0.05, they were considered statistically significant. Results Ninety-three consecutive patients (152 vessels) were included. There was good agreement between FFRCT and iFFR, with minimal FFRCT overestimation (bias: -0.02; limits of agreement:0.14-0.09). Different CT scanners did not modify the association between FFRCT and FFRi (p for interaction=0.73). The performance of FFRCT was significantly superior compared to the visual classification of coronary stenosis (AUC 0.93vs.0.61, p<0.001) and to MLA (AUC 0.93vs.0.75, p<0.001), reducing the number of false-positive cases. The optimal cut-off point for FFRCT using a Youden index was 0.85 (87% Sensitivity, 86% Specificity, 73% PPV, 94% NPV), with a reduction of false-positives. Conclusion Machine learning-based FFRCT using previous generation CT scanners (128 and 256-detector rows) shows good diagnostic performance for the detection of CAD, and can be used to reduce the number of invasive procedures.
Subject(s)
Humans , Coronary Artery Disease , Coronary Stenosis , Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial , Severity of Illness Index , Artificial Intelligence , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Coronary Angiography , Constriction, Pathologic , Coronary Vessels , Machine Learning , Computed Tomography AngiographyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Pulmonary imaging finding of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been widely described, but until now few studies have been published about abdominal radiological presentation. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of abdominal imaging findings in patients with COVID-19 in a multicenter study and correlate them with worse clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included adult COVID-positive patients with abdominal CT performed from 4/1/2020 to 5/1/2020 from two institutions. Demographic, laboratory and clinical data were recorded, including clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Of 81 COVID-positive patients, the average age was 61 years, 42 (52%) women and 45 (55%) had positive abdominopelvic findings. The most common abdominal imaging features were intestinal imaging findings (20/81, 24%), including colorectal (4/81, 5%) and small bowel thickening (10/81, 12%), intestinal distension (15/81, 18%), pneumatosis (1/81, 1%) and intestinal perforation (1/81, 1%). On multivariate analysis, intestinal imaging findings were associated with higher risk of worse outcome (death or invasive mechanical ventilation) (RRâ¯=â¯2.6, pâ¯=â¯0.04) and higher risk of invasive mechanical ventilation alone (RR = 6.2, p = 0.05). CONCLUSION: Intestinal abnormalities were common findings in COVID-19 patients who underwent abdominal CT and were significantly correlated to worse outcomes in the clinical follow-up.
ABSTRACT
Os distúrbios do sono, apesar de altamente prevalentes, são subdiagnosticados e consequentemente não tratados. Isso ocorre em parte pela falta de investigação na rotina da atenção primária, pela falta de conhecimnento sobre a importância do tema pelos profissionais de saúde e também pelo reduzido número de laboratórios do sono disponíveis. Diversos estudos demonstram a relação das alterações tanto da quantidade como da qualidade do sono com os fatores de risco para doença aterosclerótica e o aumento do risco cardiovascular. O diagnóstico dos distúrbios do sono pode ser suspeitado pela histórica clínica e pelo exame físico, mas geralmente é confirmado pelo exame de polissonografia, que pode ser realizado em laboratório do sono durante a noite toda ou domiciliar...
Subject(s)
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Cardiovascular Diseases , Sleep/physiologyABSTRACT
Os distúrbios do sono, apesar de altamente prevalentes, são subdiagnosticados e consequentemente não tratados. Isso ocorre em parte pela falta de investigação na rotina de atenção primária, pela falta de saúde e também pelo reduzido número de laboratórios do sono disponíveis. Diversos estudos demonstram a relação das alterações tanto da quantidade como da quantidade do sono com os fatores de risco para doença aterosclerótica e o aumento do risco cardiovascular...
Subject(s)
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases , SleepABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently in critical patients, but its clinical relevance has not been determined in decompensated heart failure (DHF). OBJECTIVES: To study the occurrence and prognostic value of AKI in patients with DHF and to compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics and in-hospital mortality with those without AKI. METHODS: Prospective study of 85 patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) with DHF from March 2010 to February 2011. Diagnosis of heart failure (HF) was established using the Boston criteria (scale > 8) and additional tests, and AKI was defined using the AKIN classification. Patients data with and without AKI were compared using Student's t-test, chi-squared statistic and multiple logistic regression, considering statistically significant p < 0.05. RESULTS: Most patients were male (55%), valvular disease was the main etiology of HF (42.4%), and inadequate medication was the main cause of decompensation (22.4%). AKI occurred in 76.5% of patients (4.7% stage 1, 32.9% stage 2 and 38.8% stage 3). Patients were more anemic (p = 0.01) and had over 60 years (p = 0.02) in the AKI-group when compared to control. All patients with chronic kidney failure developed AKI. The duration of ICU stay was longer for the AKI group (group AKI 8.8 ± 6.6 days; group non-AKI 4 ± 1.4 days, p < 0.01). In-hospital mortality rate was higher in patients with AKI (p = 0.04), especially in stage 3 (p < 0.01). The duration of ICU stay was an independent predictor of AKI (p = 0.02). Only AKI was considered as independent predictor of mortality in this group (p = 0,05). CONCLUSION: AKI is frequent in DHF, especially in advanced stages, in the elderly and patients with chronic kidney disease, and was associated with longer hospitalization and higher mortality rate.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Heart Failure/complications , Hospitalization , Female , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: Insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) acontece com frequência em pacientes críticos, porém a significância clínica de sua ocorrência não tem sido determinada na insuficiência cardíaca descompensada (ICD). OBJETIVOS: Estudar a ocorrência e valor prognóstico da IRA em pacientes internados por ICD e avaliar comparativamente com aqueles sem a complicação o perfil clínico-laboratorial e a mortalidade intra-hospitalar. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo em 85 pacientes internados em terapia intensiva (UTI) por ICD entre março de 2010 e fevereiro de 2011. Foi feito o diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca (IC) conforme critérios de Boston (escala > 8) e exames complementares, e o diagnóstico de IRA utilizando a classificação AKIN. Na análise estatística, utilizaram-se teste t de Student, qui-quadrado e modelo de regressão com múltiplas variáveis, considerando estatisticamente significativo p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Predominaram homens (55%), valvopatia foi a principal etiologia da IC (42,4%), e má aderência/medicação inadequada foi a principal causa de descompensação (22,4%). IRA ocorreu em 76,5% dos indivíduos (4,7% estágio 1, 32,9% estágio 2 e 38,8% estágio 3 AKIN). Havia mais pacientes com anemia (p = 0,01) e acima de 60 anos (p = 0,02) no grupo com IRA quando comparado ao controle. Todos os pacientes com disfunção renal prévia desenvolveram IRA. Em média, permaneceram internados por 7,7 dias (grupo IRA 8,8 ± 6,6 dias; grupo não IRA 4 ± 1,4 dias; p < 0,01). A mortalidade foi maior no grupo com IRA (p = 0,04), principalmente no estágio 3 (p < 0,01). Identificou-se como preditor independente de IRA o número de dias em UTI (p = 0,02). IRA foi o único preditor independente de mortalidade no grupo (p = 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: IRA ocorre com frequência em ICD, principalmente em estágios AKIN mais avançados, na população renal crônica e idosa, e relaciona-se a maior tempo de internação e mortalidade.
INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently in critical patients, but its clinical relevance has not been determined in decompensated heart failure (DHF). OBJECTIVES: To study the occurrence and prognostic value of AKI in patients with DHF and to compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics and in-hospital mortality with those without AKI. METHODS: Prospective study of 85 patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) with DHF from March 2010 to February 2011. Diagnosis of heart failure (HF) was established using the Boston criteria (scale > 8) and additional tests, and AKI was defined using the AKIN classification. Patients data with and without AKI were compared using Student's t-test, chi-squared statistic and multiple logistic regression, considering statistically significant p < 0.05. RESULTS: Most patients were male (55%), valvular disease was the main etiology of HF (42.4%), and inadequate medication was the main cause of decompensation (22.4%). AKI occurred in 76.5% of patients (4.7% stage 1, 32.9% stage 2 and 38.8% stage 3). Patients were more anemic (p = 0.01) and had over 60 years (p = 0.02) in the AKI-group when compared to control. All patients with chronic kidney failure developed AKI. The duration of ICU stay was longer for the AKI group (group AKI 8.8 ± 6.6 days; group non-AKI 4 ± 1.4 days, p < 0.01). In-hospital mortality rate was higher in patients with AKI (p = 0.04), especially in stage 3 (p < 0.01). The duration of ICU stay was an independent predictor of AKI (p = 0.02). Only AKI was considered as independent predictor of mortality in this group (p = 0,05). CONCLUSION: AKI is frequent in DHF, especially in advanced stages, in the elderly and patients with chronic kidney disease, and was associated with longer hospitalization and higher mortality rate.
