ABSTRACT
The consumption of pornography over the Internet by minors has been increasing exponentially in recent years. The use of digital technologies and the ease of access to these contents are causes that explain this event. Simultaneously, there is concern about the increase in sexual violence, associated with discriminatory behavior, despite the efforts of laws and programs that promote sexual reproductive health (SRH) and the principle of equality. From a bioethical point of view, it is urgent to address this issue, which affects the physical and psychological health of minors and their affective-sexual education. The study addresses whether it is possible to relate the consumption of online pornography by minors and sexual violence. To do this, legal sources, reports from associations, audiovisual councils and scientific studies are consulted. In all of them, the relationship between the consumption of online pornography by adolescents and risky behavior in emotional-sexual matters and gender inequality is evident. In the legal and fiscal sphere, it is alerted to the damage that is occurring and points out the need to propose lines of action that reverse this situation. We propose measures to technically regulate access to content. These measures are based on the precautionary principle, a tool that has been applied in fields such as health and the environment. More studies and political actions are needed to make the Internet a safe place for minors.
Subject(s)
Erotica , Internet , Erotica/legislation & jurisprudence , Erotica/psychology , Humans , Adolescent , Minors/legislation & jurisprudence , Minors/psychology , Female , Male , Child , Sex Offenses/legislation & jurisprudence , Sex Offenses/psychologyABSTRACT
El dolor y la enfermedad son fenómenos vivenciales que resultan difíciles de comprender por diversos motivos: porque permanecen dentro los límites de la subjetividad; porque el doliente se siente preso de su dolor y percibe una ruptura radical dentro sí mismo; y porque se siente solo frente a él, incapaz de comunicarse. Todo esto hace que el sufrir sea un elemento transformador en la vida. En la medicina científica moderna, el enfoque preponderante hacia el tratamiento del dolor es el fisiológico, quedando relegadas otras dimensiones intrínsecas de la persona, como la psíquica, la espiritual, la relacional o la identitaria. Las consecuencias éticas de esta reducción son una cosificación de la persona y una merma de su dignidad. Con el objetivo de contribuir a una visión más amplia del dolor y a una mejor atención al paciente, el presente artículo expone el resultado de cruzar dos discursos sobre el dolor: el relato que realiza un escritor sobre su enfermedad y los análisis fenomenológicos de Toombs y Carel. Se presentan cuatro categorías eidéticas del dolor: el carácter de otredad, la metamorfosis y la crisis de identidad, la instalación en el tiempo presente y la soledad y pérdida de relaciones. Se concluye proponiendo una definición de enfermedad que incluya estos elementos y se apuntan las vías de la narración y de la expresión como complementos al tratamiento farmacológico en orden a la curación y al cuidado
Pain and disease are life experiences difficult to be understood due to different reasons: they both fall under subjective limits; the sufferer feels imprisoned in his own pain and perceives a radical rupture within himself, and the sufferer feels he is alone to himself, unable to communicate. All these reasons explain that suffering is a transforming element in life. In modern scientific medicine, regarding the treatment of pain, the physiological approach is the preponderant one. Therefore, other intrinsic dimensions of the person, like the psychic, the spiritual, the relational or the identity are not viewed as detrimental. This is an oversimplification of the reality which implies that the person is treated as an object. This can be interpreted as an attempt to the dignity of the person. This paper is aimed to contribute to a broader understanding of pain and a better patient care. The author lays out the results of combining two different approaches of pain: the story that a writer invents about his own pain and the phenomenological analysis of Toombs and Carel. Four eidetic categories of pain are presented in this paper: the otherness, the metamorphosis and the identity crisis, the placement in the present time and the loneliness and loss of relations. As a conclusion, this paper gives a definition of disease that includes the previous four elements. Moreover, it proposes the ways of narration and expression as a complement to the pharmacological treatment in order to healing and care
Subject(s)
Humans , Pain , Pain Measurement/ethics , Physician-Patient Relations/ethics , Disease , Education, Medical/ethicsABSTRACT
Pain and disease are life experiences difficult to be understood due to different reasons: they both fall under subjective limits; the sufferer feels imprisoned in his own pain and perceives a radical rupture within himself, and the sufferer feels he is alone to himself, unable to communicate. All these reasons explain that suffering is a transforming element in life. In modern scientific medicine, regarding the treatment of pain, the physiological approach is the preponderant one. Therefore, other intrinsic dimensions of the person, like the psychic, the spiritual, the relational or the identity are not viewed as detrimental. This is an oversimplification of the reality which implies that the person is treated as an object. This can be interpreted as an attempt to the dignity of the person. This paper is aimed to contribute to a broader understanding of pain and a better patient care. The author lays out the results of combining two different approaches of pain: the story that a writer invents about his own pain and the phenomenological analysis of Toombs and Carel. Four eidetic categories of pain are presented in this paper: the otherness, the metamorphosis and the identity crisis, the placement in the present time and the loneliness and loss of relations. As a conclusion, this paper gives a definition of disease that includes the previous four elements. Moreover, it proposes the ways of narration and expression as a complement to the pharmacological treatment in order to healing and care.
