ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There is no information on the use of live varicella vaccine in Mexican children. Our objective was to evaluate antibody response and safety of the live varicella vaccine in both healthy and immunocompromised Mexican children. METHODS: One hundred children with no history of varicella/zoster were vaccinated with a live attenuated varicella vaccine. According to their immune status, patients were divided into either a compromised (leukemia, solid tumors, chronic renal failure, and cirrhosis) or a healthy children group. Serum IgG antibodies against VZV were measured by ELISA at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after vaccination. RESULTS: A positive VZV-ELISA at baseline was detected in 36 of 67 (53.7%) immunocompromised children and in 22 of 33 (66%) healthy children. Among VZV-seronegative children, seroconversion at 6 months post-vaccination was observed in 90.3% of compromised children and in 100% of healthy children. Increases in serum antibody levels at 3 and 6 months post-vaccination was similar in both groups. VZV vaccine-related adverse reactions, mostly mild and local, were detected in 29% of the children. Three compromised children had a mild rash symptomatic of varicella after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: About 50% of immunosuppressed children (mean age 8.8 +/- 3.6 years) with no varicella history were VZV-seronegative. Almost all of these compromised VZV-seronegative patients seroconverted 6 months after vaccine. In addition, antibody titers were similar in both compromised and healthy children.
Subject(s)
Chickenpox Vaccine/administration & dosage , Immunocompromised Host , Adolescent , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Campylobacter , Diarrhea, Infantile , Yersinia enterocolitica , Campylobacter InfectionsSubject(s)
Toxoplasmosis, Congenital , Child , Child, Preschool , Clindamycin/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pyrimethamine/therapeutic use , Sulfadiazine/therapeutic use , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/diagnosis , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/drug therapy , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/pathologyABSTRACT
Se estudio la presencia de rotavirus en 93 ninos menores de seis meses de edad con gastroenteritis infecciosa aguda, por medio de la tecnica de electroforesis del RNA viral. Se encontro un 16.l por ciento de positividad. En los ninos que excretaron rotavirus, se buscaron anticuerpos inhibidores de la hemaglutinacion en los sueros pares; en todos ellos habia anticuerpos pero no hubo elevacion en la fase de convalescencia: los anticuerpos neutralizantes no fueron demonstrados en ninguno de los casos. En estos mismos ninos se buscaron coproanticuerpos tanto en la materia fecal obtenida en la fase aguda como en la de convalecencia; en siete casos se encontro seroconversion. Por los resultados obtenidos, la inmunidad humoral transmitida por la madre, aparentemente no protege de la infeccion por rotavirus, siendo de mayor importancia la inmunidad local
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Gastroenteritis , Rotavirus Infections , Antibody FormationABSTRACT
Ya que la microscopia electronica (ME) es una tecnica laboriosa y requiere de equipo especializado, hemos efectuado este trabajo con la finalidad de encontrar otras tecnicas que presenten buena sensibilidad, bajo costo y facilidad de realizacion. Se estudiaron 138 muestras de materia fecal de ninos con gastroenteritis, para buscar rotavirus por medio de la ME,electroforesis del RNA viral (ELEC), fijacion del complemento (FC) y ELISA. Se demostraron rotavirus por ME en 35 muestras (25.3 por ciento); de estas, 25 resultaron positivas por ELEC. Todos los casos negativos por ME tambien lo fueron por ELEC. Todos los casos positivos por ME tambien lo fueron por ELISA; sin embargo; la intensidad de la reaccion vario notablemente. De las 103 muestras negativas por ME, 84 (81.6 por ciento) se calificaron como negativas o +/-; 19 (18.4 por ciento) se calificaron con + o ++, y no hubo ningun caso con +++ o ++++. Por medio de la tecnica de fijacion del complemento no hubo correlacion entre la positividad y la presencia de rotavirus en materia fecal. Consideramos de mayor sensibilidad ELISA y luego ELEC, y sin utilidad FC
Subject(s)
Humans , Rotavirus , Complement Fixation Tests , Electrophoresis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Microscopy, Electron , RNA, ViralABSTRACT
Se revisaron 45 expedientes de pacientes con diagnostico de toxoplasmosis, analizando fundamentalmente los problemas que existieron para elaborar el diagnostico y tratamiento. El 42,2% presento sintomas desde el nacimiento; de estos, en el 37% fue estrabismo y/o nistagmo el signo inicial y persistente. En el 55% de los pacientes transcurrio un ano antes de ser vistos en el hospital; las pruebas serologicas importantes en 28,8%; recibieron tratamiento 29 pacientes (64,4%) de los cuales, 16 mostraron mejoria. Hubo cuatro defunciones por la enfermedad en su forma grave polivisceral. Se debe insistir en el reconocimiento oportuno de esta enfermedad para ofrecer el tratamiento en el momento necesario y recordar que la forma congenita puede manifestarse con poca gravedad y hacerse evidente solo hasta en la fase de secuelas; que las pruebas serologicas deben ser especificas y ser repetidas con la frecuencia que se requiera y en aclarar el caracter cronico del padecimiento, para que los pacientes no abandonen la vigilancia medica periodica que es necesaria
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Male , Female , ToxoplasmosisABSTRACT
In order to find the relationship between intrauterine infection with frequency of prematurity and of congenital malformations, 1,016 newborns were studied and were divided into four groups: 324 normal babies, 606 prematures, 44 with malformations and 42 infected patients; the latter were confirmed through titration of serum antibodies. The first index of infection was the concentration of IgM greater than or equal to 28 mg. %; thus, the first groups showed evidence of infection in 0.9%; the second in 11%; the third in 40.9% and the fourth, in 100%.
Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities/etiology , Obstetric Labor, Premature/etiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/complications , Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Congenital Abnormalities/immunology , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin M/analysis , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Maternal-Fetal Exchange , Obstetric Labor, Premature/epidemiology , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology , Uterine Diseases/immunology , Virus Diseases/immunologyABSTRACT
To determine the concentration of IgM to be used as intrauterine infection indicator, the sera of 2,906 newborns were studied. Five hundred and sixty-three (19.4%), showed high concentrations of IgM and out of 199 pair sera studied, serologic evidence of infection was found in 21.1%. Out of these cases, 80.9% showed no clinical disturbances during their first two months of life. The agents most frequently found responsible for intrauterine infection were cytomegalovirus, influenza A2 H-K, influenza B, parotiditis and rubella. Based on this study, we may conclude that determinations of high concentrations of IgM with the technique used is still a good index to detect intrauterine infections, specially considering that the clinical manifestations of disease may be minimal or may pass unnoticed during the first days of life and that by no means should this test be done instead of other clinical or laboratory studies to investigate such questions.
