ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Conocer, interpretar y comprender las necesidades de información sobre salud y enfermedad en usuarios de servicios sanitarios de atención primaria urbana de Salamanca. DISEÑO: Investigación cualitativa. Diseño exploratorio desde la perspectiva cualitativa-estructural. Emplazamiento: Atención primaria. Área urbana de Salamanca en 2007. Participantes y/o contextos: Diez grupos de DISCUSIÓN: 2 integrados por miembros de asociaciones relacionadas con la salud y 8 por usuarios de atención primaria, participando un total de 83 personas. Las variables estructurales consideradas son: género, edad, nivel de estudios y pertenencia o no a asociaciones. MÉTODO: Generar información hasta alcanzar la saturación informativa en los grupos de DISCUSIÓN: Previo compromiso de confidencialidad y consentimiento informado, se procedió a la grabación y transcripción literal de la conversación grupal. Cuatro investigadores categorizaron los contenidos, la intencionalidad del discurso y elaboraron el mapa conceptual. Después de triangular los resultados y codificar los párrafos se analizaron con el programa Nudist6.0. RESULTADOS: Los contenidos informativos señalan 4 necesidades de información: salud y prevención, diagnóstico precoz, primeros auxilios y enfermedad. Se detectan diferentes intencionalidades (necesidad, observación, reivindicación y mejora) y perfiles según las variables estructurales analizadas. Las principales necesidades informativas se refieren al diagnóstico, pronóstico y opciones terapéuticas del motivo de consulta. Existe concordancia entre los grupos en que la información transmitida al paciente debe ser inteligible, actualizada y coordinada entre los diferentes profesionales y niveles asistenciales. CONCLUSIONES: Los participantes demandan información de carácter clínico para ejercer su derecho de autonomía traduciendo la tendencia al empoderamiento de los usuarios como parte del cambio social
OBJECTIVE: Empathy is one of the basic skills in medicine that promotes better doctor-patient relationship, best professional competition and less professional stress. We don't found studies in our area. This study aims to measure the degree of empathy in medical students in our area and associated factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. LOCATION: Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida (Spain). PARTICIPANTS: Pass in class of 1st, 3rd and second cycle of Medicine, at 191 students.173 students (90%) completed the questionnaire. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: TECA questionnaire to measure general empathy with 4 subscales (empathic understanding, perspective taking, empathic happiness and empathic stress), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. RESULTS: We found a progression in empathy during medical courses. Women have greater empathy but also increased empathic stress. Men have less general empathy, less progression of empathy and less emphatic stress. Students that show a preference to House TV movie have less empathy and those with family doctors. Voluntary students have greater empathy and those who have had a sick friend. We don't have found relationship between empathy and preferred specialty. CONCLUSIONS: There are several variables that are related to empathy in medical students: Women, advanced courses, experiences close to serious illnesses and those involved in voluntary activities
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Needs Assessment/organization & administration , Needs Assessment/standards , Consumer Health Information/methods , Consumer Health Information/organization & administration , Health Services/standards , /organization & administration , /standards , Information Services/organization & administration , Information Services/standards , Information Systems/standards , Primary Health Care/methods , Qualitative Research , /statistics & numerical data , /trendsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To learn, interpret and understand the information needs of health and disease in users of the healthcare services of the urban Primary Care of Salamanca. DESIGN: Qualitative research corresponding an exploratory qualitative/structural perspective. LOCATION: Primary Care. Urban area, Salamanca in 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Ten discussion groups, 2 composed of members of health-related associations and 8 primary care users, involved a total of 83 people. The structural variables considered are: gender, age, educational level and membership or not associations. METHOD: Generate information to achieve information saturation in the discussion groups. Upon obtaining their informed consent, all subjects in the study participated in videotaped conversations, which were transcribed verbatim. Four researchers categorized the content, intentionality of discourse and developed the concept map. After categorization, triangulation and coding, content obtained was analysed with the NudistQ6 program. RESULTS: Informative content suggest four information needs: health and prevention, early diagnosis, first aid and disease. Different intentions (information needs, watching, claim and improvement) and needs profiles are detected as structural variables. Major information needs are relate to diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic options. There is agreement between the groups that the information transmitted to the patient must be intelligible, updated and coordinated among the different professionals and care levels. CONCLUSIONS: Participants require information of a clinical nature to exercise their right to autonomy translating tendency to empower users as part of the social change.
