Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Intravenous/adverse effects , Decerebrate State/etiology , Flumazenil/adverse effects , GABA Agonists/adverse effects , Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects , Hypoxia/complications , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Midazolam/adverse effects , Naloxone/therapeutic use , Piperidines/adverse effects , Propofol/adverse effects , Airway Obstruction/complications , Bradycardia/drug therapy , Bradycardia/etiology , Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use , Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde , Choledocholithiasis/surgery , Flumazenil/administration & dosage , Flumazenil/therapeutic use , GABA Agonists/administration & dosage , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Hypoxia/chemically induced , Hypoxia/drug therapy , Intraoperative Complications/drug therapy , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Male , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Naloxone/administration & dosage , Piperidines/administration & dosage , Remifentanil , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathologyABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Decerebrate State/complications , Decerebrate State/diagnosis , Decerebrate State/drug therapy , Propofol/therapeutic use , Midazolam/therapeutic use , Naloxone/therapeutic use , Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance/instrumentation , Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance/methods , Risk Factors , Hypoxia/complications , Hypoxia/diagnosis , GABA Agents/therapeutic use , Endoscopy/methodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We describe the basic scheme of physical examination (PE) and the patterns of PE by specialties. We compare items explored by internists and family physicians. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study on the routine physical examination made by a Spanish physician's sample. Seventy-six maneuvres were analysed by a table of frequencies obtaining physical examination patterns by specialties. RESULTS: A total of 131 physicians of 140 answered the questionnaire (93.5%). They corresponded to Internal Medicine (48.1%), Family and General Medicine (32.1%), other specialties (19.8%). Average age of responders was 37.8 years (Confidence Interval [CI] 95%: 36.3-39.4) and years of experience average were 11.9 (CI 95%: 10.4-13.5). The pattern of general examination used by more than 70% of the physicians surveyed includes maneuvres related to the general examination, respiratory, cardio-circulatory, gastro-intestinal and neurological systems examination. Internists explore weight, temperature, cardiac rate, arterial pressure, neck, jugular ingurgitation, respiratory, abdominal and lymphatic system more often than family physicians (p<0.05). Family physicians perform otoscopy and nose, conches and nasal septum inspection more often than internists (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PE is a flexible tool physicians adapt to their needs based on the specialty they have. Internists are the specialists who make a more exhaustive physical examination compared with family physicians and other specialists.