Platynosomum fastosum in domestic cats in Cuiabá, Midwest region of Brazil.

Platynosomum fastosum, which is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, is the main parasite in the biliary system of domestic cats. Cats can be asymptomatic or show severe signs of cholangitis. Although the infection is reported throughout Brazil, only post-mortem studies are available from the Midwest region of the country. This cross-sectional study investigated the frequency of P. fastosum parasitism in domestic cats treated at the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, Mato Grosso, Brazil, by three coproparasitological techniques (formalin-ether sedimentation, Faust, and Hoffmann), associating clinical, laboratory (haematological, biochemical) and ultrasonographic alterations. Based on the sample calculation, 171 cats were evaluated in the clinical and laboratory and a semi-structured epidemiological questionnaire was designed and used by the tutors. The prevalence observed was 26.90%, with no significant association with sex, reproductive status, age, hunting habit, access to the street, recent anthelmintic treatment, and the guardian's lack of knowledge regarding parasitism. Of the 171 cats evaluated, 55 (32.16%) showed clinical signs suggestive of cholangitis, with a significant association of this variable. Regarding the clinical and pathological variables, mild neutrophilia and elevated serum activity of alanine amino transferase and alkaline phosphatase was observed (but not significantly), while the mean values of eosinophils, leucocytes, total protein, albumin, and globulin were normal. The ultrasound findings were like those previously described. Thus, it was observed that P. fastosum occurs in moderate prevalence in cats from Cuiabá-MT, with a significant association with clinical signs and a regular agreement between the parasitological techniques employed.

Bayesian modeling of COVID-19 cases with a correction to account for under-reported cases.

The novel of COVID-19 disease started in late 2019 making the worldwide governments came across a high number of critical and death cases, beyond constant fear of the collapse in their health systems. Since the beginning of the pandemic, researchers and authorities are mainly concerned with carrying out quantitative studies (modeling and predictions) overcoming the scarcity of tests that lead us to under-reporting cases. To address these issues, we introduce a Bayesian approach to the SIR model with correction for under-reporting in the analysis of COVID-19 cases in Brazil. The proposed model was enforced to obtain estimates of important quantities such as the reproductive rate and the average infection period, along with the more likely date when the pandemic peak may occur. Several under-reporting scenarios were considered in the simulation study, showing how impacting is the lack of information in the modeling.

Atuação multidisciplinar à saúde do adolescente na atenção primária à saúde / Adolescent health multidisciplinary practice in primary health care

Objetivou-se destacar o conhecimento de profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família a respeito de ações desenvolvidas aos adolescentes. Estudo exploratório e descritivo, realizado com 146 profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Cuiabá, MT, a partir de resposta a questionário estruturado contendo dados de caracterização e questões referentes às ações ofertadas aos adolescentes. Os resultados receberam tratamento descritivo e revelaram que a maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino, a maior frequência do acolhimento e do aconselhamento foi realizado por profissionais do nível médio, enquanto a correspondente às ações educativas são promovidas pelos de nível superior. Concluiu-se que o trabalho multiprofissional é fundamental no cuidado integral aos adolescentes. Recomenda-se que os profissionais reúnam-se periodicamente para o planejamento das atividades a serem realizadas, suprindo as lacunas de conhecimento a respeito das ações ofertadas aos adolescentes.

The objective of this paper was to emphasize the knowledge from professionals in the Family Health Strategy regarding actions taken towards adolescent health. An exploratory and descriptive study among 133 professionals from the family health strategy in Cuiabá, Brazil, was performed based on the answers given to a structured questionnaire with characterization data and issues relating to the actions provided to adolescents. The results were given descriptive treatment and revealed that the majority of participants were female, most often the host and counseling was conducted by professionals from secondary education, while the corresponding education actions are provided by graduated professionals. It was concluded that the multidisciplinary approach is essential for the comprehensive care of adolescents. It is recommended that practitioners get together periodically to plan the activities to be performed, bridging the gaps in knowledge about the actions offered to adolescents.

Prevalência de dependência em idosos e fatores de risco associados / Prevalencia de dependencia en ancianos y factores de riesgo asociados / Prevalence of dependency and associated risk factors in the elderly

OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalência de dependência entre idosos assistidos por equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família na cidade de Cuiabá (MT) e os fatores de risco associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo com delineamento transversal, tipo inquérito. A amostra estudada foi de 352 idosos com a coleta de dados realizada em seus domicílios entre os meses de junho e setembro de 2010, utilizando questionário, Índice de Katz e Escala de Lawton e Brody. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dependência entre os idosos foi de 38,6%. A análise estatística mostrou que as características sociodemográficas e de saúde estavam associadas significativamente à dependência e ocorreram vários graus de razão de prevalência da dependência entre os idosos. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de dependência de 38,6% identificada entre os idosos participantes do estudo foi superior à encontrada em estudos semelhantes e sugere que essa dependência sofra influência das características sociodemográficas e de saúde apresentadas por esses idosos.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of dependence among elderly assisted by teams of the Family Health Strategy in the city of Cuiabá (MT) and the associated risk factors. METHODS: A study with a transversal design, of the survey type. The study sample was of 352 elderly with data collection conducted in their homes between the months of June and September of 2010, using the Katz Index questionnaire and the Lawton and Brody Scale. RESULTS: The prevalence of dependency among the elderly was 38.6%. The statistical analysis showed that the sociodemographic characteristics and health were significantly associated with dependence, and there were several levels of prevalence rates of dependence among the elderly. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dependency of 38.6% identified among the elderly study participants was higher than that reported in similar studies and suggests that this dependence results from the influence of the sociodemographic characteristics and health presented by these elderly.

OBJETIVO: Verificar la prevalencia de dependencia en ancianos asistidos por equipos de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en la ciudad de Cuiabá (MT) y los factores de riesgo asociados. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio de tipo transversal, contencioso. La muestra estudiada fue de 352 ancianos cuyos datos fueron recolectados en sus domicilios entre los meses de junio y setiembre del 2010, utilizando un cuestionario, Índice de Katz y Escala de Lawton y Brody. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de dependencia entre los ancianos fue de 38,6%. El análisis estadístico mostró que las características sociodemográficas y de salud estaban asociadas significativamente a la dependencia y ocurrieron varios grados de razón de prevalencia de dependencia entre los ancianos. CONCLUSIÓN: La prevalencia de dependencia del 38,6% identificada entre los ancianos participantes en el estudio fue superior a la encontrada en estudios semejantes y sugiere que esa dependencia sufre influencia de las características sociodemográficas y de salud presentadas por esos ancianos.

Fatores de risco para câncer cervical em mulheres assistidas por uma equipe de saúde da família em Cuiabá, MT, Brasil / Factores de riesgo de cáncer de cuello uterino en mujeres asistidas por un equipo de salud de la familia en Cuiabá, MT, Brasil / Risk factors for cervical cancer in women assisted by a family health team in Cuiabá, MT, Brazil

No Brasil, o câncer de colo uterino é o segundo tipo de câncer mais comum entre as mulheres, em todas as faixas etárias. Embora a evolução dessa neoplasia seja gradual, conhecer os fatores de risco é relevante para que seja oferecida assistência qualificada às mulheres que a eles estejam expostas. O estudo objetivou identificar fatores de risco para câncer de colo uterino entre mulheres com resultados alterados de exames de Papanicolaou, residentes em uma das áreas de abrangência da Estratégia Saúde da Família no município de Cuiabá, MT, onde o Projeto PETSAÚDE/Saúde da Família está implantado. O estudo é de natureza quantitativa e descritiva. Participaram 22 mulheres com resultados alterados do exame de Papanicolaou no período de outubro de 2007 a outubro de 2009. Os dados foram coletados com um questionário semiestruturado aplicado no domicílio das participantes após a assinatura de termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Os resultados evidenciam que 16 (73 por cento) das mulheres iniciaram atividade sexual dos 10 aos 15 anos de idade, 18 (82 por cento) não usam preservativos frequentemente, 22 (100 por cento) já tiveram mais de uma relação sexual sem preservativo e 7 (45 por cento) tinham de 15 a 17 anos de idade na primeira gravidez. O início precoce da atividade sexual e a não-utilização de preservativos foram as situações mais frequentes entre as participantes. Os resultados revelam a necessidade de se trabalhar programas de sexualidade na adolescência de forma clara e objetiva, no intuito de diminuir as situações associadas apontadas no estudo, o que será implementado no segundo ano do Projeto PETSAÚDE/Saúde da Família.

In Brazil, cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer among women in all age groups. Although development of this neoplasm is gradual, the knowledge of risk factors is relevant for the provision of qualified assistance to women who are exposed to them, be adequate. The purpose of this quantitative, descriptive study was to identify risk factors for cervical cancer among women with abnormal results of Pap tests, residents in areas of the Family Health Strategy in the city of Cuiaba, Brazil, where the PETSAÚDE/Family Health Project has been implemented. 22 participants had abnormal results on Papanicolaou smears in the period from October 2007 to October 2009. Data collection was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire administered at the participants' home after signing an informed consent form. Results revealed that 16 women (73 percent) initiated sexual activity between 10 to 15 years old, 18 (82 percent) seldom used condoms, 22 (100 percent) have had more than one unprotected sexual intercourse, and 7 (45 percent) were from 15 to 17 years old at the first pregnancy. The onset of early sexual activity and not using condoms were the most frequent situations found among the participants. These results suggest the need to implement clear and objective programs of adolescent sexuality, to reduce associated situations shown in the study, to be implemented in the second year of the PETSALUD / Family Health Project.

En Brasil, el cáncer de cuello uterino es el segundo tipo de cáncer entre las mujeres en todos los grupos de edad. Aunque el desarrollo de esta neoplasia es gradual, conocer los factores de riesgo es importante para que la asistencia ofrecida a las mujeres que están expuestas sea adecuada. Por esto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores de riesgo para el cáncer de cuello uterino entre las mujeres con resultados anormales de las pruebas de Papanicolaou, que viven en un área cubierta por la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia del municipio de Cuiabá, Brasil, donde se tiene el Proyecto PETSALUD/Salud de la Familia. Estudio de naturaleza cuantitativa, descriptiva, donde participaron 22 mujeres que habían tenido resultados anormales de Papanicolaou en el período octubre 2007 a octubre 2009. La recolección de datos fue un cuestionario semiestructurado, administrado en el hogar de las participantes después de firmar un consentimiento informado. Los resultados muestran que 16 (73 por ciento), mujeres iniciaron la actividad sexual de 10 a 15 años de edad, 18 (82 por ciento) a menudo no usan condones, 22 (100 por ciento) han tenido más de una relación sexual sin preservativo, y 7 (45 por ciento ) tenían entre 15 y 17 años de edad al primer embarazo. Se observó que el inicio de la actividad sexual temprana y la falta de uso de preservativos fueron las situaciones más frecuentes entre los participantes. Con estos resultados se observa la necesidad de implementar programas de sexualidad en la adolescencia de forma clara y objetiva, a fin de reducir las situaciones asociadas mostradas en el estudio, que será efectuado en el segundo año del Proyecto PETSALUD/Salud de la familia.

Atendimentos prestados pelo serviço móvel de urgência em Cuiabá, MT, Brasil / Services rendered by the mobile emergency service of Cuiabá, MT, Brazil / Servicios prestados por la emergencia móvil en Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar os atendimentos prestados pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência do município de Cuiabá - MT, nos seis primeiros meses de funcionamento. Estudo descritivo, baseado em análise documental do sistema de informação do SAMU de Cuiabá, realizado de fevereiro a junho de 2009. Foram descritos 1893 atendimentos, sendo 1293 devidos a causas traumáticas e 578 a causas clínicas. Dos atendimentos devidos a causas clínicas, 51,2% foram prestados a mulheres; dentre aqueles com causas traumáticas, 70,9% ocorreram em homens. A faixa etária com maior número de atendimentos foi de 21 a 30 anos. O período vespertino totalizou 23,8% das ocorrências e a região oeste do município teve a maior concentração em número de atendimentos. Os hospitais atenderam 61,2% das ocorrências. Os resultados revelaram que a equipe multiprofissional atuante no SAMU contribui significativamente na integralidade do cuidado ao ser humano...

This study aimed to characterize the care provided by the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) of Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso state, Brazil, during the first six months of operation. This is a descriptive study based on data of the SAMU's information system service, conducted from February to June 2009. A total of 1893 calls were performed, 1293 of them for traumatic events and 578 for clinical causes. Of the latter, 51.2% occurred in females. Males accounted for 70.9% of events with traumatic causes. Most patients had 21- to 30-years - old . 23.8% of the attendances ocurred during the afternoon, and tThe highest frequency of attendaces occurred in the west region of the city Hospitals attended 61.2% of the SAMU´s cases. The results showed that SAMU's multidisciplinary team contributes significantly to the provision of comprehensive care to patients...

Este estudio objetivo caracterizar el atendimiento prestado por el Servicio de Urgencia de Atención Móvil de Urgencia (SAMU) de Cuiabá, capital del la provincia de Mato Grosso, Brasil, por los seis primeros meses de funcionamiento. Estudio descriptivo basado en analice documental del sistema de información del SAMU de Cuiabá, realizado en el período de febrero a junio de 2009. Fueron descriptos 1893 atendimientos, siendo 1293 debido a causas traumáticas y 578 a causas clínicas. En los atendimientos clínicos, 51,2% fueron mujeres y en las causas traumáticas 70,9% ocurrieron en hombres. La edad con mayor numero de atendimientos fue de 21 a 30 años. El período vespertino totalizó 23,8% de las ocurrencias y la región oeste de la ciudad tuvo la mayor concentración en números de atendimientos. Los hospitales atendieran 61,2% de las ocurrencias. Los resultados muestran que la equipe multi-profesional actuante en SAMU contribuye significativamente en la integralidad del cuidado al ser humano...

Neurodevelopmental effects of perinatal fenarimol exposure on rats.

Knowledge about the potential toxic effects of fenarimol, a widely used fungicide, is still limited. Fenarimol is an aromatase inhibitor and therefore can affect estrogen/androgen levels in vivo in rodents. In view of these facts, the aim of the present work was to study the effects of fenarimol maternal exposure during different critical phases in the development of central nervous system in rat pups, on early physical and neurobehavioral endpoints essential to their development. For that, the effects of the fungicide fenarimol (150 and 300 mg/kg) were examined at three different developmental stages in the rat: during the first 6 days of gestation, prenatal (15-21 days), or first 6 days of lactation. Three categories of the impact of fenarimol on neonatal growth and neurobehavioral development of offspring were assessed: (1) physical, (2) reflex and strength, and (3) motor coordination. Findings on the pups' physical development did not indicate any significant alterations of the postnatal age at which specific developmental milestones were observed (pinna detachment, development of the fur, eruption of the incisor teeth, opening of the ears and eyes and testes descent). However, there was a reduced rate of weight gain in pups of mothers treated during lactation related to the earlier testing time periods (1-23 days of life). The study of the functional state of the rat pup nervous systems at different stages of postnatal development revealed some neurodevelopmental delays in righting reflex, climbing and grip response and locomotion (20-90 days of life) in the treated groups. Taken together, findings of this study emphasize that, as a result of fenarimol maternal exposure, some neuromuscular and behavioral deficits in nursing pups may occur principally during the last gestational period and lactation. These results could be the basis for further studies on molecular actions of fenarimol in order to predict better the biological consequences of this fungicide.