[The effectiveness of molixan as a means of correction of chemoradiation therapy negative manifestations in patients with oropharyngeal cancer].

The effectiveness of the peptide immunomodulator molixan as a means of support and correction of chemoradiation therapy of oral mucositis have been studied in 36 patients with primary regional cancer of the oral mucosa and the oropharynx. Combined chemotherapy of patients with cisplatin and standard radiotherapy was associated with progression of oral mucositis and hematopoietic disorders which manifested themselves in the form of neutro-, lympho- and thrombocytopenia. Therapeutic intramuscular application of molixan at a dose of 60 mg once a day after a fraction of irradiation made it possible to reduce the severity of oral mucositis (from grade III-IV to grade I-II), as well as to maintain in patients a higher level of white blood cells and platelets in the blood, which made it possible to complete the planned course of chemoradiation therapy.

[Bacterial activity in the products of laser destruction of human dental enamel and dentin]. / Aktivnost'bakterii v produktakh lazernogo rezrusheniia emali i dentina zuba cheloveka.

Viability of Streptococci, Staphylococci, and Bacillus subtilis in products of destruction of hard dental tissues of man by submillisecond pulses emmitted by erbium lasers YAG:Er and YSGG:Cr,Er was investigated. Bacterial viability was found to depend on the energy density and duration of laser exposure. Possible mechanisms of bacterial destruction by pulses of submillisecond duration emmitted by erbium laser are discussed.

[A clinico-experimental study of the innervation of the teeth and gingivae]. / Kliniko-éksperimental'noe izuchenie innervatsii zubov i desen.

Clinical studies of changes in dental electric excitability before and after torus anesthesia and cat and monkey experiments with the use of morphohistochemical technique of detecting horseradish peroxidase (a marker) in Gasser's ganglion [correction of Hasser's node] 72 hrs following the marker administration into canine, incisor, and gingival cavities have revealed no cross innervation of the teeth and gingiva at the level of the peripheral component of the trigeminal nerve branches.

[A comparative study of the effectiveness of the analgesic effect of electropuncture stimulation and nonnarcotic analgesics in therapy patients in an emergency dental care office]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie éffektivnosti boleutoliaiushchego vliianiia élektropunkturnoi stimuliatsii i nenarkoticheskikh anal'getikov u patsientov terapevticheskogo profilia v usloviiakh kabineta neotlozhnoi stomatologicheskoi pomoshchi.

Analysis of patients' subjective sensations, of rheography and electro-odontometry data has lead the authors to a conclusion that the analgesic effect of rengasil was higher than that of ibuprofen and that rengasil combination with electropuncture was still more effective. The analgesic effect was the most marked in alveolitis and periodontitis, less so in inflammations of the pulp, and no effect could be achieved in acute purulent pulpitis. The authors suppose that pain syndrome alleviation after electropuncture stimulation and after administration of anti-inflammatory drugs is explained mainly by changed hemodynamics at the site of inflammation, this resulting in reduction of the edema and in diminished effects of biochemical substances released in the course of inflammation.

[Study of pain sensitivity based on the indicators of electro- odontometry in patients with depersonalization and depressive disorders]. / Issledovanie bolevoi chuvstvitel'nosti po pokazateliam élektroodontometrii u bol'nykh s depersonalizatsiei i depressiei.

Electroodontometry was used to examine the pain threshold and sensation threshold in patients with depersonalization, endogenous depression and in mentally healthy test subjects. The strongest differences in the thresholds were found on the anterior teeth. The patients with depersonalization manifested a considerable rise of the sensation threshold and to an ever greater degree of the pain threshold. In patients suffering from endogenous depression, both thresholds were decreased and coincided almost completely. It is likely that this fact is associated with a relatively higher incidence of the painful syndrome in patients suffering from depression.

[Thresholds of the electrical excitability of the pulp in various groups of teeth and their changes under the influence of analgin, amidopyrine and diazepam]. / Porogi élektrovozbudimosti pul'py razlichnykh grupp zubov i ikh izmeneniia pod vliianiem anal'gina, amidopirina i diazepama.

Pulp electric excitability thresholds in different teeth groups and their changes under effects of analgin, amidopyrin and diasepam were studied using electro-odontometry in 58 patients and in experimental recordings of neuronal activity in rostral part of trigeminal complex under electrostimulation of molar and fang teeth. Baseline thresholds of pulp stimulation proved different in anterior teeth group and premolar/molar group. Analgetic drugs used had more pronounced effect in cases of molar pulp stimulation.

[Effects of clopheline on impulse activity of neurons in the midbrain and dorsal horn of the spinal cord]. / Vliianie klofelina na impul'snuiu aktivnost' neironov srednego mozga i zadnego roga spinnogo mozga.

Clophelin (1-5 mg/kg) suppresses spinal dorsal horn neuronal nociceptive responses but does not change their touch stimuli reactions in unanesthetized curarized cats. This effect is steady to naloxone (1 mg/kg), yohimbine (5 mg/kg) and removal by prazosin (1 mg/kg). Clophelin depresses nociceptive responses of the central gray matter neurones which generalized pain impulses in the supraspinal structures.

Nonsynaptic effect of the electrocorticogram of the intact hemisphere on unit activity of the neuronally isolated cortex.

The nonsynaptic influence of the electrocorticogram (ECoG) of the visual area of the intact hemisphere on unit activity in the visual area and Clare-Bishop area of the isolated cortex in darkness and during diffuse illumination of the retina was investigated in acute experiments on cats immobilized with diplacin, and with the cortex of one hemisphere neuronally isolated. Changes in unit activity of tonic character were found in darkness and both tonic and phasic responses of isolated cortical units in the visual area and Clare-Bishop area were found during diffuse photic stimulation. The possibility of using the nonsynaptic influence of the ECoG of the intact brain to stimulate different regions of the neuronally isolated cortex is examined.

[Nonsynaptic effect of the ECoG of the intact hemisphere on the impulse activity of neuronally isolated cortex]. / Nesinapticheskoe vliianie EKoG intaktnogo polushariia na impul'snuiu aktivnost' neironal'no-izolirovannoi kory.

In immobilized cats with neuronally-isolated cortex the nonsynaptic influence of the ECoG from the visual area of intact hemisphere upon unit activity of the visual and Clare-Bishop areas of the neuronally-isolated cortex was studied in the dark and during diffuse flash stimulation. Tonic unit reactions in the dark and tonic and phasic unit reactions to diffuse flash stimulation occurred in the visual and Clare-Bishop areas of the neuronally-isolated cortex. The possible nonsynaptic ECoG influence of the intact hemisphere on the activation of the neuronally-isolated cortical units is discussed.

The interactions of central neurons in conditioning and the influence of some limbic structures upon them.

The interactions between the neurons in the cortex and the subcortical visual structures were studied with multimicroelectrode technique. Neurons revealing conditioned reactions were found at various levels of the brain. It is assumed that they are involved, by the conditioning, in a special cellular network: the microsystem, which is considered to be the definite functional level of brain processing mechanisms. The influence of some limbic structures on the formation of the microsystems of conditioning neurons was found. It was concluded that the elaboration or extinction of the temporary connection is performed through formation or destruction of a microsystem which takes part in the conditioning.

[Neuronal mechanisms of sensory integration in the visual analyzer system]. / Neironnye mekhanizmy sensornoi integratsii v sisteme zritel'nogo analizatora.

It has been established in experiments on immobilized cats that somatic and interoceptive signals produce complex reorganizations of the spontaneous and evoked activity of visual cortex units. Either long diffuse changes of spike frequency or phasic reactions have been observed. The dynamics of sensory integration in the visual cortex is determined by unconditioned and conditioned mechanisms both of an intra- and interanalyser nature. Functioning of the microsystem of learning elements in the visual cortex is based on units capable of fixing the elaborated changes of evoked activity and constituting 18.6 percent of the total number of cellular elements in the visual projection cortex, responding to direct cortical stimulation. Microinophoresis of synaptically active agents has shown that complexely organized choline- and serotoninergic structures involved in the processes of unconditioned and conditioned interaction of heteromodal excitations are located in the visual cortex.

[Manifestation of integrative activity in the neuronally isolated cortex]. / Proiavlenie integrativnoi detiatel'nosti v neironal'no-izolirovannoi kore

By the slow bioelectrical activity parameter, with vector representation of experimental data, an attempt was made to reveal elements of integrative activity in the neuronally isolated cortex at early stages after its isolation from subcortical formations. Animals with an intact cerebral cortex were used as controls. It has been found that in spite of isolation of the cerebral cortex from synaptic influences of the subcortical structures, it possesses even at early stages after isolation (10--17th day) its own mechanisms of integrative activity, providing for the organization of background and evoked activity which are gradually normalized by the 30th to 40th day, without however reaching the level of activity of the intact cerebral cortex.

Acquired and inherent trace processes in the neuronally isolated cortex.

Trace processes in the neuronally isolated cerebral cortex of one hemisphere were analysed. EEG and unit activity of the isolated cortex at different times after the operation were investigated. Temporal connections in the isolated cortex were elaborated. Neurons fixing the stimuli traces were revealed. These neurons (23 percent of reactive neurons) form a microsystem of learning neurons.