[The modifying action of Sophora japonica and an antioxidant vitamin complex on acute radiation injury to the body]. / Modifitsiruirushchee deistvie Sofory iaponskoi (Sophora japonica) i antioksidantnogo kompleksa vitaminov pri ostrom luchevom porazhenii organizma.

In experiments with mongrel male rats exposed to whole-body gamma-radiation (7, 9 and 11 Gy) the radioprotective effect of enterally administered Sophora japonica and its combination with an antioxidant vitamin complex was investigated. The radioprotective agents applied were shown to produce a synergistic effect.

[Effectiveness of combined action of vitamins A, E and C and cyclophosphane or adriamycin on growth of transplanted tumors in mice]. / Effektivnost' kompleksnogo deistviia vitaminov A, E, C s tsiklofosfanom ili adriamitsinom na rost perevivnykh opukholei u myshei.

The antitumour, antimetastatic and antileukemic effect of cyclophosphane and adriamycin in combination with vitamins A. E. C was studied according to the scheme developed by the authors. The preliminary administration of vitamins was established to intensify the effect of cytostatics and to lower considerably their toxic action. Cyclophosphane proved to be more effective relative to the Lewis lung carcinoma than adriamycin.

[Use of the antioxidant complex of vitamins A, E and C in murine leukemia]. / Primenenie antioksidantnogo kompleksa vitaminov A, E i C pri leikoze myshei.

A study was made of the content of ubiquinone, vitamins A, E, ascorbic, dehydroascorbic and diketogulonic acids (DKGA), and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in the liver, of the content of glutathione, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase in red blood cells, of the content of vitamins A, E and ubiquinone in the spleen of C57Bl/6jG mice with inoculated leukemia La. It was found that in red blood cells of the animals with leukemia, the content of vitamin E and DKGA reduced, the MDA level increased, and the content of glutathione dropped whereas SOD activity rose. Application of the antioxidant complex of vitamins A, E, C appreciably improved the characteristics of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant protection of the liver and red blood cells of the leukemic animals without exerting any noticeable effect on the content of vitamin E and ubiquinone in the leukemic spleen tissue.

[Efficacy of the combined use of lipid- and water-soluble bioantioxidants (vitamins E, A and C)]. / Effektivnost' sovmestnogo primeneniia lipido- i vodorastvorimykh bioantioksidantov (vitaminov E, A i C).

Experiments on noninbred male rats were made to show appreciable differences in the effect of the isolated and combined use of vitamins E, A and C. This was manifested in the changes of tocopherol and ascorbic acid capacity of accumulation and utilization by the liver, of dissimilar effects on the contend of lipid peroxidation products and respiratory function of the mitochondria.

[Prevention of postoperative complications in patients with stomach cancer using an antioxidant complex]. / Profilaktika posleoperatsionnykh oslozhneniio u bol'nykh rakom zheludka antioksidantnym kompleksom.

The suitability of complex administration of antioxidants (vitamins C, E and A) for prevention of postoperative complications was assessed in a randomized study which included 197 cases of gastric cancer. The treatment was followed by a lowering of lipid peroxidation process. In a group of 95 patients who had received the drugs preoperatively, the postoperative complication rate dropped from 30.9 to 1.9%.

[Effect of an antioxidant complex on the biosynthesis of macromolecules in hepatocytes during acute experimental radiation injury]. / Vliianie antioksidantnogo kompleksa na biosintez makromolekul v gepatotsitakh pri ostrom luchevom porazhenii organizma.

The radioprotective efficiency of the antioxidant complex of vitamins (AC) has been estimated by incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA of irradiated rat hepatocytes after whole-body irradiation. The results obtained indicate that AC is an effective radioprotective drug.

[Enzyme system of initiation and protection against lipid peroxidation in the liver and blood of rats with hypokinesia]. / Fermentativnaia sistema initsiatsii i zashchity ot perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v pecheni i krovi krys pri gipokinezii.

Content of lipid peroxidation products in liver mitochondria, enzymatic system of the peroxidation initiation (NADPH.H+- and NADH.H+-dependent oxydoreductases) at the early and final steps of liver microsomal redoxchain as well as the activity of protective enzymes superoxide dismutase, ceruloplasmin, catalase and glutathione reductase, preventing the excessive accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in liver mitochondria and erythrocytes were studied in rats with hypokinesia within 1 and 2 months. An increase in content of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde as well as in activity of NADPH.H+- and NADH.H+-nitroblue tetrazolium-oxydoreductases in liver microsomes, a decrease in activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in liver mitochondria were observed in the animals within two months of their mobility restriction. These alterations were among the essential mechanisms responsible for an increase in content of lipid peroxidation products under conditions of hypokinesia.

[Effect of the bicycle ergometry test on lipid peroxidation processes in patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Vliianie veloérgometricheskoi proby na protsessy lipopereokisleniia u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

The effect of bicycle ergometry on lipid peroxidation was examined in 43 coronary patients. An increase in malonic dialdehyde, a secondary product of lipid peroxidation, was detected in patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis, an evidence of intensified lipid peroxidation in systemic tissues. It is proposed that natural antioxidants be used to prevent myocardial metabolic disorders in coronary patients.

[Role of vitamins E and C in the development of the malignant process]. / Rol' vitaminov E i C v razvitii zlokachestvennogo protsessa.

The data on the influence of antioxidant vitamins (E and C) on the growth of induced and transplantable tumours in animals and on the development of cancer process in man as well as on the course of chemo- and radiotherapy are analyzed; a degree of vitamin provision of the tumour-bearing organism is discussed. Special attention is paid to optimal doses of the above mentioned vitamins. The necessity of combined application of antioxidant vitamins in cancer therapy is established.

[Energy metabolism in spontaneous regression of transplantable tumors]. / Energeticheskii obmen pri spontannoi regressii perevivaemykh opukholei.

In spontaneous regression of rat sarcoma 45, Walker carcinosarcoma in rats and Brown-Pearce carcinoma in rabbits there was found biochemically and histochemically the enhancement of oxidation processes in the organism of animals, which was associated with the reduction of the ATP content, the increased rate of the coupling of oxidation to phosphorylation. Not only the normalization of all steps of the energetic provision chain in observed but also the exceeding of separate parameters of the energy homeostasis with relation to normal values.

[Lactate dehydrogenase and Krebs cycle enzyme activity in rat liver during the growth of transplanted and spontaneous tumors]. / Aktivnost' laktatdegidrogenazy i fermentov tsikla Krebsa v pecheni pri roste perevivaemykh i spontannykh opukholei.

Certain distinctions in the mouse and rat liver responses to transplanted and spontaneous tumours have been discovered at the initial periods of their growth. The most pronounced changes (the mosaic distribution of enzymatic activity in the lobe) are observed in the case of spontaneous tumours. Activities the Krebs cycle enzymes, especially of NAD-dependent enzymes are seen inhibited in the tumour-bearing liver at the terminal periods of growth of both spontaneous and transplanted tumours; lactate dehydrogenase activity increases (with the exception of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase in the rat liver with transplanted sarcomas).

[Concentration of adenylic nucleotides and respiratory phosphorylation in the mitochondria of rats with transplanted tumors]. / Soderzhanie adenilovykh mononukleotidov i dykhatel'noe fosforilirovanie v mitokhondriiakh krys s perevivaemymi opukholiami

A study was made of adenylic mononucleotides, the process of oxydative phosphorylation and ATP-ase activity of hepatic mitochondria of rats with transplantable sarcoma 45 and Walker carcinosarcoma at various stages of tumour growtli. A reduction of the ATP levels observed in the hepatic mitochondria of tumour-bearing rats was caused, on the one hand, by suppression of its formation as a result of a partial uncoupling of the oxidative phosphorylation, and on the other hand - by intensification of its decomposition as a result of increased ATP-ase activity.

[Respiratory phosphorylation in the liver mitochondria of rats with transplantable sarcomas]. / Dykhatel'noe fosforilirovanie v mitokhondriiakh pecheni krys s perevivaemymi sarkomami

The method of polarography was used to study respiration and phosphorylation capacity of the hepatic mitochondria in rats with transplantable sarcoma 45 and Walker carcinosarcoma in different terms after transplantation, and in spontaneous regression of the tumors involved, as well. In the hepatic mitochondria of tumor-bearing animals a marked dissociation of respiration and phosphorylation is observed, being mostly manifested in oxidation of glutamate and endogenic NAD-dependent substrates. Non-phosphorylating oxidation suffers to a less extent. Experiments with the use of rhothenon indicated that an impaired rate of the coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation was also related with a destroyed succinate site in the respiratory chain. In the presence of serum albumin an up to normal values restoration of the rate of respiration and phosphorylation coupling is observed in the hepatic mitochondria of tumor-bearing animals. The degree of interference in the respiratory phosphorylation process is mostly significant at late stages of tumors development and sharply declines in their spontaneous regression.

[Immunogenesis and the functional state of the adrenals during tumor growth]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie nadpochechnikov i immunogenez pri opukholevom roste

Based on the literature data and results of histochemical studies of fascicular and reticular zones of the adrenal gland, a conclusion is made that adrenal glucocorticoid function is impaired already during the initial period of malignification. During the stage of intensive tumor growth some signs of exhaustion of the fascicular zone are observed against the background of decreased protective functions of the connective tissue system; in the terminal period of the adrenal function and immunogenesis apparatus are found to be suppressed. The resistance to tumor growth is associated with activation of immuno-protective reactions of the organism and enhancement of the glucocorticoid function.