ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia, distribution of pneumococcal serotypes, and antibiotic susceptibility in children aged 28 days to <60 months. DESIGN: Hospital-based surveillance. SETTING: South Bangalore, India. PARTICIPANTS: 9950 children aged 28 days to <60 months with clinical suspicion of invasive pneumococcal disease or pneumonia. RESULTS: The estimated at-risk population included 224,966 children <5 years of age. Forty cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were identified. Estimated invasive pneumococcal disease incidence was 17.8/100,000 with incidence being highest among children aged 6 months to <12 months (49.9/100,000). Clinical pneumonia syndrome was the most frequent diagnosis (12.5/100,000). Pneumococcal serotypes included: 6A (n=6, 16.7%); 14 (n=5, 13.9%); 5 (n=4, 11.1%); 6B (n=4, 11.1%); 1, 18C, and 19A (n=3 each, 8.3%); 9V (n=2, 5.6%); and 3, 4, 10C, 18A, 18F, and 19F (n=1 each, 2.8%). Serotypes 6A, 14, 6B, 1, 18C, 19A, 9V, 4, 10C, and 18A showed antibiotic resistance. Clinical pneumonia incidence was 2109/100,000, with incidence being highest among children aged 28 days to <6 months (5033/100,000). Chest radiograph-confirmed pneumonia incidence was 1114/100,000, with incidence being highest among children aged 28 days to <6 months (2413/100,000). CONCLUSIONS: Invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia were found to be common causes of morbidity in young children living in South Bangalore, India.
Subject(s)
Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology , Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hospitals , Humans , India/epidemiology , Infant , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Public Health Surveillance , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effectsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Dissociative symptoms are frequent among psychiatric patients and may considerably affect patients' psychopathological condition and treatment outcomes. The objectives of the study are to assess the presence of dissociative symptoms in female patients with mood and anxiety disorders, to investigate their correlation with the clinical severity of the disorders and to investigate those personality traits that are more frequent in patients with high levels of dissociation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 50 Caucasian females were enrolled in the study. Patients were assessed through the Self-Report Symptom Check-List, the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and rating scales for Depression and Anxiety. RESULTS: The mean DES score in the overall sample was 16.6. 32% of patients had a DES score > 20. Depressive symptoms positively correlated with the DES total scores. Dissociator patients presented some significantly different temperamental characteristics in comparison with non dissociator patients. CONCLUSIONS: Dissociative symptoms are highly present in patients with mood and anxiety disorders and correlate with the severity of depressive symptoms. Specific personality traits more frequently observed in dissociator people may represent predisposing factors; their early identification could be clinically relevant.
Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Dissociative Disorders/diagnosis , Dissociative Disorders/psychology , Mood Disorders/diagnosis , Mood Disorders/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
The polysaccharide fraction from the mucilage of Dicerocaryum zanguebaricum (Pedaliaceae) appears to be mainly constituted of a chemically homogeneous polysaccharide. By NMR and chemical degradative methods its structure appeared to consist of alternate-->4)-beta-D-GlcpA-(1--> and -->2)-alpha-D-Man p-(1-->units. Single branch units of beta-D-Xyl p and alpha-D-Gal p are linked to the O-3 positions of Man p and a significant number of Glc pA residues.
