[Modern characteristics of epidemiology and prevention of community-acquired pneumonia in military staff].

AIM: To study the effectiveness of system for prevention of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in military teams and determine the main ways for its improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on incidence of CAP in military staff during 1993 - 2008 were used. Analysis of morbidity was performed using classical methods of epidemiological analysis. RESULTS: Registered incidence of CAP in military staff was 5 - 7 times higher compared with average incidence in adult population of the country. Main factors determining realization of CAP epidemic process mechanisms in military teams were revealed. Two-fold and more rise in incidence of CAP and acute respiratory infection in military recruits is forecasted for 2010. Effect of use of Pneumo 23 vaccine for freshmen recruits is grounded. CONCLUSION: Immunization of military staff with Pneumo 23 vaccine considered effective and needed component in complex of prophylactic measures performed in troops.

[Organizational-epidemiological aspects of prophylaxis of outhospital pneumonia in military communities].

The article presents actual questions of epidemiology of outhospital pneumonia (OP), peculiarities of epidemic process of these infections in troops in now-day conditions and updates of main directions of their prophylaxis. It was marked that alongside with clearly defined tendency of lowing, the morbidity by OP in the Armed Forces of RF is still rather high--in 5-7 folds higher than among adult population of the country. Whereby it is predicted further complication of sanitarium-epidemiological situation in connection with increase of call-up. The article uncovers the main factors, supplying the realization of mechanism of epidemic process of OP in military collectives. Vaccination of staff by registered in RF multipartial pneumococcal vaccine Pnevmo-23 is considered as an effective and necessary medical measure in complex of prophylactic measures, effectuating in troops.

[Organizational-epidemiological aspects of prophylaxis of community-acquired pneumonias in Moscow military district].

The article presents broad information, which is the result of longstanding observation (2002-2006) There are also presented adequate financial data. The article unfolds peculiarities of multiyear and annual dynamics of morbidity rate by out-hospital pneumonias in Moscow military circuit, educes and proves the basic risk factors of disease, shows its value. The accent is made on military and study units. Recommendations on lowering morbidity rate by out-hospital pneumonias, existing in the article, are based on the own experience of the authors, their effectiveness is proved by real positive results.

[Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine in military units]. / Effektivnost' primeneniia pnevmokokkovoi vaktsiny v voinskikh kollektivakh.

Pneumococcal vaccine Pneumo-23, used for specific prophylaxis of pneumonia and other pneumococcal infections, was tested in military training units of the North Western, Central and Far Eastern Military Districts. The vaccine used for immunization of servicemen, was shown to have high immunogenicity with no adverse reactions. In the training group of the North Western Military District the epidemiological effectiveness of the vaccine was particularly high a month after immunization and amounted to 83.7%. During the period between month 2 and month 5 after immunization pneumonia morbidity among the immunized servicemen was 6.12 times lower than among the non-immunized ones. In the training units of the Central and Far Eastern Military Districts, where the period of the formation of postvaccinal immunity coincided with the peak of the outbreak of pneumonia, the protective properties of the used batches of the vaccine could be observed as early as during the first month after immunization, which made it possible to recommend this vaccine for urgent prophylaxis in the foci of pneumococcal infection. During the period of 5 months the effectiveness of the vaccine with respect to pneumonia was 62.1-66.2% for all three districts. The effectiveness of the combined immunization of conscripts with vaccines Pneumo-23 and Vaxigrip with respect to pneumonia was higher (78.54%) and the index of effectiveness (4.66) was 1.58 fold greater than in monoimmunization (2.95). The epidemiological effectiveness of the pneumococcal vaccine was high also with respect to other pneumococcal infections: acute bronchitis, acute respiratory diseases of pneumococcal etiology, cases of acute sinusitis and acute otitis. The use of the vaccine for the immunization of servicemen yielded the economic effect equal to 92 US dollars per person.