Wavelet analysis of intermittent dynamics in nocturnal electrocardiography and electroencephalography data.

This paper presents the results of a study of the characteristics of phase synchronization between electrocardiography(ECG) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals during night sleep. Polysomnographic recordings of eight generally healthy subjects and eight patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were selected as experimental data. A feature of this study was the introduction of an instantaneous phase for EEG and ECG signals using a continuous wavelet transform at the heart rate frequency using the concept of time scale synchronization, which eliminated the emergence of asynchronous areas of behavior associated with the "leaving" of the fundamental frequency of the cardiovascular system. Instantaneous phase differences were examined for various pairs of EEG and ECG signals during night sleep, and it was shown that in all cases the phase difference exhibited intermittency. Laminar areas of behavior are intervals of phase synchronization, i.e., phase capture. Turbulent intervals are phase jumps of 2π. Statistical studies of the observed intermittent behavior were carried out, namely, distributions of the duration of laminar sections of behavior were estimated. For all pairs of channels, the duration of laminar phases obeyed an exponential law. Based on the analysis of the movement of the phase trajectory on a rotating plane at the moment of detection of the turbulent phase, it was established that in this case the eyelet intermittency was observed. There was no connection between the statistical characteristics of laminar phase distributions for intermittent behavior and the characteristics of night breathing disorders (apnea syndrome). It was found that changes in statistical characteristics in the phase synchronization of EEG and ECG signals were correlated with blood pressure at the time of signal recording in the subjects, which is an interesting effect that requires further research.

Effect of the type of reducing agents of silver ions in interpolyelectrolyte-metal complexes on the structure, morphology and properties of silver-containing nanocomposites.

The objective of this work is to study the peculiarities of structural organization, morphology, thermomechanical, electrical and antimicrobial properties of nanocomposites based on pectin-polyethyleneimine interpolyelectrolyte complexes and silver nanoparticles in dependence on the type of reducing agent being applied for chemical reduction of silver ions in the interpolyelectrolyte-metal complexes. The average size of Ag nanoparticles is shown to be increased with decreasing of the activity of reducing agent (E0) and equals to 3.8 nm, 4.3 nm, and 15.8 nm, respectively, when engaging sodium borohydride (-1.24 V), hydrazine (-1.15 V) and ascorbic acid (-0.35 V). Moreover, it was found that the crystallite size of Ag nanoparticles also had the smallest value for nanocomposites obtained involving NaBH4 as reducing agent. Ag-containing nanocomposites prepared by reduction of silver ions in interpolyelectrolyte-metal complexes while applying a range of reducing agents are characterized by different electrical properties and polymer matrix' glass transition temperature. The influence of silver nanoparticles' size incorporated in the polymer matrix on the antimicrobial activity of nanocomposites has been established. The inhibition zone diameter of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was higher for nanocomposites obtained using sodium borohydride and hydrazine compared to nanocomposites where ascorbic acid was used as the reducing agent.

Subterahertz chaos generation by coupling a superlattice to a linear resonator.

We investigate the effects of a linear resonator on the high-frequency dynamics of electrons in devices exhibiting negative differential conductance. We show that the resonator strongly affects both the dc and ac transport characteristics of the device, inducing quasiperiodic and high-frequency chaotic current oscillations. The theoretical findings are confirmed by experimental measurements of a GaAs/AlAs miniband semiconductor superlattice coupled to a linear microstrip resonator. Our results are applicable to other active solid state devices and provide a generic approach for developing modern chaos-based high-frequency technologies including broadband chaotic wireless communication and superfast random-number generation.

DNA damage caused by chronic transgenerational exposure to low dose gamma radiation in Medaka fish ( Oryzias latipes ).

The effect of transgenerational exposure to low dose rate (2.4 and 21 mGy/day) gamma irradiation on the yield of DNA double-strand breaks and oxidized guanine (8-hydroxyguanine) has been studied in the muscle and liver tissue of a model organism, the Japanese medaka fish. We found the level of unrepaired 8-hydroxyguanine in muscle tissue increased nonlinearly over four generations and the pattern of this change depended on the radiation dose rate, suggesting that our treatment protocols initiated genomic instability and an adaptive response as the generations progressed. The yield of unrepaired double-strand breaks did not vary significantly among successive generations in muscle tissue in contrast to liver tissue in which it varied in a nonlinear manner. The 8-hydroxyguanine and DSB radiation yields were significantly higher at 2.4 mGy/day than at 21 mGy/day in both muscle and liver tissue in all generations. These data are consistent with the hypothesis of a threshold for radiation-induced activation of DNA repair systems below which tissue levels of DNA repair enzymes remain unchanged, leading to the accumulation of unrepaired damage at very low doses and dose rates.

[Kidney function in oncologic patients after cisplastin chemotherapy].

During examination of kidney function under cisplastin chemotherapy in oncologic patients the nephrotoxicity of the drug have been shown during 24 hours after administration. We found that in 24 hours after injection ofcisplastin in the dose 50 mg/m2 of the surface of the body, the excretion of creatinine, sodium, potassium, osmotic active compounds and chlorides is increased more than two times, indicating for disorder in osmolality, volume and ionic regulation of kidney function. The determined peculiarities are consequences of kidney injuries, which are confirmed by an increase in erythrocyte- and leucocyteuria. We showed that alterations in homeostatic kidney function is due to damage of renal tubules. Our study necessitates a need for renal protection during the whole period of cisplastin chemotherapy.

[Clinical and morphological aspects of MALT-gastric lymphoma].

UNLABELLED: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) conception has been extensively developing for last 20 years. THE AIM: The aim of this work was to elaborate clinico-morphological and immunohistochemical criteria of gastric MALT-lymphomas and to differentiate them from another with similar histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1983 and 2007, 704 patients with diagnosis of extranodal lymphoma were observed in Russian Cancer Research Center. The work included biopsy and postoperation samples from 115 patients with primary gastric lymphoma, who were observed in Russian Cancer Research Center since 1995. On presented material with primary lymphomas were elaborated morphological criteria of MALT-lymphoma diagnosis for gastrobiopsy, based on histological, immunohistochemical and genetic examination. Also were devised differential diagnostic criteria of MALT-lymphoma. RESULTS: Follow morphological signs were estimated: cell composition, atypia of neoplastic elements, presence of plasmocellular differentiation of lymphoid cells, expression of plasmocytary infiltration, lymphoepithelial lesion and reactive lymphoid follicles with or without colonization, presence of blasts. So, in 35.2% cases part of neoplastic elements had the aspect of monocytoid B-lymphocytes. In the most of observations were revealed plasmatic cells. More often they were under integumentary epithelium as massive layer (46.47%), more rare they were scattered in superficial sections of lamina propria among cells of leukocyte row (39.43%). Lymphoepithelial lesions (LELs) are aggregates from three and more marginal zone cells, destroyed epithelium of glands, were revealed in half of cases. In 17.14% cases were ("blast") LELs, generated by large blasts. For reactive process T-lymphocytes predominate over B-lymhpocytes in the lymphocellular infiltrate, or T-lymphocytes and B-lymhpocytes are in equal ratio. The next important sign is coexpression T-cell marker CD43 on neoplastic B-cells. Cases of MALT-lymphoma with t(11; 18) are resistant to the antihelicobacter therapy. CONCLUSION: The most informative morphological, immunohistochemical features were ascertained as in diagnosis, as in differentiation with another neoplasms with similar morphology and reactive lymphoid infiltrates.

[Endoscopic criteria for diagnosis of various macroscopic variants of non-Hodgkin's gastric lymphoma].

UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND; Many investigators account that a stomach is the most often localization of gastrointestinal lymphomas. But endoscopic semiotics and diagnostic of those lesions is elaborated insufficiently. PURPOSE: The purpose of our investigation was working out of non-Hodgkin's gastric lymphoma endoscopic criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examinated 250 patients with gastric lymphoma, from those primary and secondary lesions were in 160 (64%) cases and 90 (36%) cases, respectively. All patients was performed standard videoendoscopy, which included magnified endoscopy with NBI (Narrow Band Imaging), followed by chromoendoscopy with indigocarmine (0.4% solution) and EUS. Diagnosis of lymphoma was confirmed by morphology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: According to our observations gastroenterological pathology duration to diagnosis of tumor was very variable: diagnosis was established during first 3 months in 30.6% cases (49 patients), during 6 month in 18.1% cases (29 patients), from 6 to 12 months in 15.6% cases (25 patients). Separately should was noted, that almost in one third cases primary gastric lymphoma was diagnosed after one year. Macroscopic form of gastric tumor was represented by follow variants: exophytic--22 cases (8.8%), infiltrative--54 cases (21.6%), ulcerous--37 cases (14.8%), infiltrative-ulcerous--71 cases (28.4%), similar to gastritis--36 cases (14.4%), mixed--30 cases (12%). The second endpoint of our work was detection of macroscopic features depending on morphological variant of lymphoma. Analysis of represented data demonstrated prevalence similar to gastritis form (33.4%) for MALT-lymphoma, infiltrative-ulcerous form as for diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma of MALT-type, as for diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma--45.0% and 41.1%, respectively. Infiltrative form was more often in group of patients with follicular lymphoma--31.8%, and ulcerous form predominated for Burkett's lymphoma--60.0%. CONCLUSION; Were established the most informative endoscopic criteria for diagnosis non-Hodgkin's gastric lymphoma.

[The treatment of helicobacteriosis in preventing postoperative inflammatory intraperitoneal complications in stomach cancer patients]. / Likuvannia khelikobakteriozu v profilaktytsi pisliaoperatsiinykh zapal'nykh vnutrishnoocherevynnykh uskladen' u khvorykh na rak shlunka.

Patients with carcinoma of the stomach were studied for dependence of development of post-surgical complications on the Helicobacter pylori involvement of the gastric mucosa. As many as 100 percent of patients with carcinoma of the stomach were found out to have H. pylori. Patients with posttreatment inflammatory complications presented with high and moderate levels of H. pylori. A complex was inaugurated of preventive treatment for H. pylori involvement, with tetraciclini, vicalini, and metronidasoli. Incidence rate of postoperative complications was 5.7%, with no fatalities being recordable. In the oncological patient, treatment of the H. pylori involvement in the preoperative period makes for lowering of the initial level of endotoxicosis, which fact is conducive to decrease in the frequency of postoperative inflammatory complications.

[Possibilities of ultrasonic spectroscopy of the blood in the diagnosis of early postoperative inflammatory complications in patients with stomach cancer]. / Mozhlyvosti ul'trazvukovoï spektroskopiï syrovatky krovi v diahnostytsi rannikh pisliaoperatsiinykh zapal'nykh uskladnen' u khvorykh na rak shlunka.

The indexes of ultrasound wave absorption in the blood serum of patients with gastric cancer were studied using ultrasound spectroscopy method. The coefficient of absorption (CA) changes were registered 1-2 days before the first clinical signs occurrence. While inflammatory complications presence CA had lowered, the daily gradient of lowering had raised.