[LIFE CONDITIONS: NON-SPECIFIC STRESS INDICATORS AND DENTOALVEOLAR PATHOLOGIES]. / LE CONDIZIONI DI VITA: INDICATORI DI STRESS ASPECIFICI E AFFEZIONI DENTO-ALVEOLARI.

Trauma, diseases, diet, daily work and environmental factors shape bodies. From birth to death, these processes leave on the skeleton markers that can be recognized and studied, thus providing an overview of the health conditions of past populations. The present work analyzes data collected in seven necropolises. During our study, we exploited nonspecific stress and dental pathologies as key indicators of health conditions. In particula; we analyzed the three most common indicators of stress: porotic hyperostosis; enamel hypoplasia; and Harris lines on shins. Additionally, we examined the most important dental alveolar pathologies, including carious lesions, periodontal diseases, antemortem tooth loss, abscesses, and calculi. The data we analyzed suggest that, despite the different urban and suburban origins, all the samples belong to a middle-range or low social class, whose living conditions were modest. The only necropolis which stands out is Casal Bertone Mausoleo, where the samples present the lowest frequencies with respect to both the stress indicators and the oral pathologies, suggesting better living conditions.

[The contribute of the trauma analysis to reconstruct the lifestyle of Castel Malnome community (Rome, I-II cent. A.C.)]. / Il contributo dell'analisi traumatologica nella ricostruzione dello stile di vita della comunita di Castel Malnome (Roma, I-II sec. D.C.).

The relations between fractures and living conditions of a population are important to reconstruct the biological status of a population. This work is focused on the description and interpretation of trauma in the skeletal remains: the sample consist of 218 individuals, coming from Roman imperial necropolis of Castel Malnome (I-II century AD). The trauma incidence has been considered by the calculation offrequencies per individual and per bone. The examination of the pattern offractures in the skeleton for this site indicates that the individuals are characterized by high level of trauma and reveals that ulna and ribs were the mostfrequently affected bones. The evidence of trauma in this population may reflect many factors about the lifestyle of individuals,for example their occupation and environmental conditions, moreover the state of healing of the injuries may also indicate the availability of treatments.