ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the main predictors for corneal graft failure in patients who underwent retransplantation. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional research with a quantitative and analytical approach, conducted based on data from secondary sources of a Human Eye Tissue Bank (HETB) in Northeast Brazil. Data were collected from the medical charts of all patients transplanted between January 2010 and December 2014. Descriptive statistics were used for the univariate analysis by means of absolute and relative frequencies and means. For the inferential analysis, the chi-square (X²) and the Fisher's Exact tests were used. RESULTS: A total of 241 records were reviewed, representing 258 keratoplasties, of which 27 (10.46%) were retransplantations due to corneal graft failure. Of the total, 55.56% of the individuals were female, with a mean age of 58.56 years, 55.56% of the population was brown, and the highest relative frequency of housing found was in the Central Mesoregion. Of the corneal graft failure cases, 88.89% were due to late failure, 30.77% of cases were classified as pseudophakic and 11.57% as aphakic. Through inferential analysis, a statistical association was obtained among the variable "corneal graft failure" and mesoregion of the state, presence of glaucoma, vascularization, and classification of the eye. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of keratoplasty is of multifactorial nature. Factors such as mesoregion of the State (place of residence), glaucoma, corneal vascularization, and aphakic eyes represent predictors for graft failure in the analyzed sample.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Obtaining organs for transplants through a deceased donor occurs exclusively through donation. However, some open protocols with potential donors do not become effective donors due to medical refusal. Our aim was to identify the profile of non-donors of organs and tissues due to medical refusal in a state reference service for transplants. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from medical records of patients who died and had a protocol opened to evaluate brain death and procurement of organs and tissues in 2019. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 27 patients, the majority of whom were female, aged over 71 years, had primary education, and were married. The main causes of medical refusal were age above the recommended age and septicemia. Brain death was mostly confirmed within 12 hours, and the main cause of hospitalization was a vascular event. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the profile of non-donors due to medical refusal is necessary for services to identify possible misattributed medical contraindications and thus contribute to reducing the disproportion between supply and demand for organs and tissues for transplants.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality from sickle cell anemia in Brazil, by region, in the period 1997-2017. METHODS: epidemiological study, with an ecological design, with a temporal trend, carried out with data from the Mortality Information System. For descriptive analysis, absolute and relative frequencies were used. In the correlation analysis, the ANOVA test was used, followed by Tukey's post-test. The temporal trend was obtained using the cubic polynomial regression test. RESULTS: 6,813 deaths from sickle cell anemia were registered. Brown individuals (50.87%) were more frequent, with a predominance of males (50.4%), aged between 25 and 34 years and a higher incidence of deaths in the Midwest (0.25/100 thousand inhabitants). The time curve showed an increasing trend of deaths in the country between 1997 and 2015 (R2 = 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: sickle cell anemia showed increasing mortality in the 21 years analyzed and alerts health professionals and managers.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell , Information Systems , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Anemia, Sickle Cell/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , MaleABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics and mortality in patients with sickle-cell anemia (SCA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort study with retrospective data, conducted in two reference hospitals for SCA treatment from January 1980 to December 2018, recorded in two reference services. With a 5% significance level, the Chi-Square and Student's t-tests were employed in the inferential statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 128 patients with SCA were studied. Diagnosis up to the fifth day of life was made in 10 patients. There were 19 deaths, of which 12 (63.2%) were female, and the average age at death was 27.05 (± 14.78) years. The leading causes of death were septic shock and cardiogenic shock. The use of invasive medical devices was considered a risk factor for death (RR=2.63; 95% CI=1.16-5.96; p=0.018), and monitoring time up to 20 years presented a 31% reduction in the risk of dying (RR=0.31; 95% CI=0.12-0.82; p=0.011) when compared to the monitoring of more than 20 years. CONCLUSION: These findings are to be considered in the treatment of patients with SCA, mainly regarding early diagnosis and access to the treatment immediately afterward, since they are fundamental in improving survival and reducing severe complications.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objectives: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality from sickle cell anemia in Brazil, by region, in the period 1997-2017. Methods: epidemiological study, with an ecological design, with a temporal trend, carried out with data from the Mortality Information System. For descriptive analysis, absolute and relative frequencies were used. In the correlation analysis, the ANOVA test was used, followed by Tukey's post-test. The temporal trend was obtained using the cubic polynomial regression test. Results: 6,813 deaths from sickle cell anemia were registered. Brown individuals (50.87%) were more frequent, with a predominance of males (50.4%), aged between 25 and 34 years and a higher incidence of deaths in the Midwest (0.25/100 thousand inhabitants). The time curve showed an increasing trend of deaths in the country between 1997 and 2015 (R2 = 0.98). Conclusions: sickle cell anemia showed increasing mortality in the 21 years analyzed and alerts health professionals and managers.
RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar tendencia temporal de mortalidad por anemia falciforme en Brasil, por regiones, entre 1997 y 2017. Métodos: estudio epidemiológico, de delineamento ecológico, de tendencia temporal, realizado con datos del Sistema de Informaciones sobre Mortalidad. Utilizado frecuencias absolutas y relativas para análisis descriptivo. Utilizado la prueba ANOVA seguido por la prueba de Tukey en el análisis de correlación. La tendencia temporal fue obtenida mediante la prueba de regresión polinomial cúbico. Resultados: fueron registrados 6.813 óbitos por anemia falciforme. Indivíduos pardos (50,87%) fueron más frecuentes, con predominio del sexo masculino (50,4%), con franja etaria de 25 a 34 años y mayor incidencia de óbitos en Centro-Oeste (0,25/100 mil habitantes). La curva temporal presentó tendencia creciente de óbitos en el país entre 1997 a 2015 (R2 = 0,98). Conclusiones: la anemia falciforme presentó mortalidad creciente en los 21 años analizados y despierta el alerta a profesionales de salud y gestores.
RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade por anemia falciforme no Brasil, por regiões, no período compreendido entre 1997 e 2017. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico, de delineamento ecológico, de tendência temporal, realizado com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Para análise descritiva, utilizaram-se frequências absolutas e relativas. Na análise de correlação, utilizou-se o teste ANOVA seguido pelo pós-teste de Tukey. A tendência temporal foi obtida mediante o teste de regressão polinomial cúbico. Resultados: foram registrados 6.813 óbitos por anemia falciforme. Indivíduos pardos (50,87%) foram mais frequentes, com predomínio do sexo masculino (50,4%), com faixa etária de 25 a 34 anos e maior incidência de óbitos no Centro-Oeste (0,25/100 mil habitantes). A curva temporal apresentou tendência crescente de óbitos no país entre 1997 a 2015 (R2 = 0,98). Conclusões: a anemia falciforme apresentou mortalidade crescente nos 21 anos analisados e desperta o alerta aos profissionais de saúde e gestores.
