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1.
IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph ; 29(1): 1277-1287, 2023 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36166521

ABSTRACT

Recent technological innovations have led to an increase in the availability of 3D urban data, such as shadow, noise, solar potential, and earthquake simulations. These spatiotemporal datasets create opportunities for new visualizations to engage experts from different domains to study the dynamic behavior of urban spaces in this under explored dimension. However, designing 3D spatiotemporal urban visualizations is challenging, as it requires visual strategies to support analysis of time-varying data referent to the city geometry. Although different visual strategies have been used in 3D urban visual analytics, the question of how effective these visual designs are at supporting spatiotemporal analysis on building surfaces remains open. To investigate this, in this paper we first contribute a series of analytical tasks elicited after interviews with practitioners from three urban domains. We also contribute a quantitative user study comparing the effectiveness of four representative visual designs used to visualize 3D spatiotemporal urban data: spatial juxtaposition, temporal juxtaposition, linked view, and embedded view. Participants performed a series of tasks that required them to identify extreme values on building surfaces over time. Tasks varied in granularity for both space and time dimensions. Our results demonstrate that participants were more accurate using plot-based visualizations (linked view, embedded view) but faster using color-coded visualizations (spatial juxtaposition, temporal juxtaposition). Our results also show that, with increasing task complexity, plot-based visualizations perform better in preserving efficiency (time, accuracy) compared to color-coded visualizations. Based on our findings, we present a set of takeaways with design recommendations for 3D spatiotemporal urban visualizations for researchers and practitioners. Lastly, we report on a series of interviews with four practitioners, and their feedback and suggestions for further work on the visualizations to support 3D spatiotemporal urban data analysis.

2.
Front Public Health ; 9: 624574, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34249829

ABSTRACT

Brazil has been promoting essential improvements in health indicators by implementing free-access health programs, which successfully reduced the prevalence of neglected zoonosis in urban areas, such as rabies. Despite constant efforts from the authorities to monitor and control the disease, sylvatic rabies is a current issue in Amazon's communities. The inequalities among Amazon areas challenge the expansion of high-tech services and limit the implementation of active laboratory surveillance to effectively avoid outbreaks in human and non-human hosts, which also reproduces a panorama of vulnerability in risk communities. Because rabies is a preventable disease, the prevalence in the particular context of the Amazon area highlights the failure of surveillance strategies to predict spillovers and indicates the need to adapt the public policies to a "One Health" approach. Therefore, this work assesses the distribution of free care resources and facilities among Pará's regions in the oriental Amazon; and discusses the challenges of implanting One Health in the particular context of the territory. We indicate a much-needed strengthening of the sylvatic and urban surveillance networks to achieve the "Zero by 30" goal, which is inextricable from multilateral efforts to combat the progressive biome's degradation.


Subject(s)
One Health , Rabies virus , Rabies , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Rabies/epidemiology , Zoonoses
3.
Stem Cell Res Ther ; 10(1): 146, 2019 05 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31113444

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Survival and therapeutic actions of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) can be limited by the hostile microenvironment present during acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we investigated whether BMMSCs overexpressing insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a cytokine involved in neural development and injury repair, improved the therapeutic effects of BMMSCs in SCI. METHODS: Using a SCI contusion model in C57Bl/6 mice, we transplanted IGF-1 overexpressing or wild-type BMMSCs into the lesion site following SCI and evaluated cell survival, proliferation, immunomodulation, oxidative stress, myelination, and functional outcomes. RESULTS: BMMSC-IGF1 transplantation was associated with increased cell survival and recruitment of endogenous neural progenitor cells compared to BMMSC- or saline-treated controls. Modulation of gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators was observed after BMMSC-IGF1 and compared to saline- and BMMSC-treated mice. Treatment with BMMSC-IGF1 restored spinal cord redox homeostasis by upregulating antioxidant defense genes. BMMSC-IGF1 protected against SCI-induced myelin loss, showing more compact myelin 28 days after SCI. Functional analyses demonstrated significant gains in BMS score and gait analysis in BMMSC-IGF1, compared to BMMSC or saline treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of IGF-1 in BMMSC resulted in increased cell survival, immunomodulation, myelination, and functional improvements, suggesting that IGF-1 facilitates the regenerative actions of BMMSC in acute SCI.


Subject(s)
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/genetics , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation , Neural Stem Cells/transplantation , Spinal Cord Injuries/therapy , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Cell Differentiation/genetics , Disease Models, Animal , Humans , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology , Mice , Myelin Sheath/genetics , Myelin Sheath/pathology , Neural Stem Cells/cytology , Recovery of Function , Regeneration/genetics , Spinal Cord Injuries/genetics , Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology
4.
Epidemiol Serv Saude ; 25(3): 511-518, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27869922

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to describe the profile of healthcare provision regarding rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis (RPrEP) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, as compared with the Technical Standards for Rabies Prophylaxis in Humans. METHODS: this was a descriptive study using Notifiable Disease Information System data on anti-rabies healthcare provided between 2007 and 2014. RESULTS: only 2.4% of anti-rabies healthcare related to RPrEP (5,721/239,245), 42.5% of these were veterinary, biology and zootechnics students and 10.3% were professionals from the same areas; individuals aged 20 to 64 accounted for 71.8% of the total number of people vaccinated and the frequency of this form of prophylaxis was 53.5/100,000 inhabitants for the state as a whole, varying between 13.1 to 185.1/100,000 inhabitants in the state's different health districts. CONCLUSION: RPrEP frequency was found to be low, suggesting that this rabies prevention tool has been neglected, leaving a large number of people at occupational risk.


Subject(s)
Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis/statistics & numerical data , Rabies Vaccines/administration & dosage , Rabies/prevention & control , Adult , Brazil , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Students/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
5.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 25(3): 511-518, jul.-set. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-795346

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: descrever o perfil dos atendimentos para profilaxia antirrábica pré-exposição (PArPE) humana realizados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de acordo com as Normas Técnicas de Profilaxia da Raiva Humana. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), referentes a atendimentos antirrábicos notificados no período 2007-2014. RESULTADOS: somente 2,4% dos atendimentos antirrábicos realizados corresponderam a PArPE (5.721/239.245), sendo 42,5% deles referentes a estudantes e 10,3% a profissionais da área de medicina veterinária, biologia e zootecnia; indivíduos entre 20 e 64 anos de idade representaram 71,8% dos imunizados e a frequência dessa profilaxia foi de 53,5/100 mil habitantes no estado, com variação entre as regionais de saúde de 13,1 a 185,1/100 mil hab. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se baixa frequência de PArPE, sugerindo que essa ferramenta de prevenção contra a raiva se encontra negligenciada, colocando em risco ocupacional grande número de pessoas.


OBJECTIVE: to describe the profile of healthcare provision regarding rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis (RPrEP) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, as compared with the Technical Standards for Rabies Prophylaxis in Humans. METHODS: this was a descriptive study using Notifiable Disease Information System data on anti-rabies healthcare provided between 2007 and 2014. RESULTS: only 2.4% of anti-rabies healthcare related to RPrEP (5,721/239,245), 42.5% of these were veterinary, biology and zootechnics students and 10.3% were professionals from the same areas; individuals aged 20 to 64 accounted for 71.8% of the total number of people vaccinated and the frequency of this form of prophylaxis was 53.5/100,000 inhabitants for the state as a whole, varying between 13.1 to 185.1/100,000 inhabitants in the state's different health districts. CONCLUSION: RPrEP frequency was found to be low, suggesting that this rabies prevention tool has been neglected, leaving a large number of people at occupational risk.


OBJETIVO: describir el perfil de atendimientos para profilaxis antirrábica pré-exposición humana (ParPE) realizados en el estado de Rio Grande del Sur, Brasil, conforme a las normas técnicas de Profilaxis de Rabia Humana. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo transversal utilizando datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria (Sinan) entre 2007 y 2014, referentes a atendimientos antirrábicos notificados. RESULTADOS: solamente 2,4% de los atendimientos antirrábicos realizados correspondieron a ParPE (5.721/239.245), siendo que 42,5% eran estudiantes, 10,3% profesionales del área de Veterinária, Biologia y Zootecnia y 4,3% tuvieran ocupación ignorada; 71,8% de los individuos inmunizados tenía entre 20 y 64 años, y la incidencia de profilaxis fue de 53,5/100 mil habitantes, con una variaciones regionales entre 13,1 y 185,1/100.000 hab. CONCLUSIÓN: observamos una baja frecuencia de ParPE, lo que sugiere que esta herramienta de prevención contra la rabia está descuidada, colocando en riesgo un gran número de personas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis , Rabies Vaccines/therapeutic use , Rabies/prevention & control , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Occupational Health , Occupational Risks
6.
J Bras Nefrol ; 37(1): 127-30, 2015.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25923760

ABSTRACT

To report the use of Eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) after renal transplantation. A 16 year-old patient diagnosed with chronic kidney disease since 2010, due to aHUS, under dialysis. kidney transplantation by deceased donor: February/2012. She showed good clinical evolution until the 14th postoperative day, when he developed a fever, oliguria, worsening of renal function [serum creatinine (CRs): 4.0 mg/dl] and signs of hemolysis [platelets: 110,000 mm3; hemoglobin (Hb): 4.5 g/dL; LDH: 3366 U/L]. Renal biopsy of the graft: thrombotic microangiopathy. Treated with handling blood products (fresh plasma) and plasmapheresis, with improvement of renal function (serum creatinine: 1.46 mg/dl). A week after this complication, fever anemia, signs of hemolysis and ITU restarted then it was handled with ciprofloxacin, methylprednisolone pulse therapy and plasma transfusion (Platelets: 43,000 mm3; Hb: 6.0 mg/dl, reticulocytes; 1.3%, haptoglobin < 5.8 mg/dl, HDL: 1181 U/L). After clinical worsening, it was started a therapy with Eculizumab, 900 mg in every five days for two weeks. There was some progress with good clinical response, characterized by improved renal function, stabilization of aHUS and discharged in five days. Since then, she keeps using Eculizumab 900 mg each 15 days with the renal and haematological normalization (Platelets: 160,000 mm3; Hb: 11.4 g/dL). The use of Eculizumab was useful in controlling the ongoing manifestation of aHUS and transplant preservation.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/drug therapy , Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Kidney Function Tests
7.
J. bras. nefrol ; 37(1): 127-130, Jan-Mar/2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-744448

ABSTRACT

Descrever uso do Eculizumab na síndrome hemolítica urêmica atípica (SHUa) após transplante renal. Paciente de 16 anos, com diagnóstico de doença renal crônica desde 2010, decorrente de SHUa, submetida à hemodiálise. Transplante renal por doador falecido: fevereiro de 2012. Apresentou boa evolução clínica até 14º DPO, quando iniciou quadro de febre, oligúria, piora da função renal [creatinina sérica (CRs): 4,0 mg/dl] e sinais de hemólise [plaquetas: 110.000 mm3; hemoglobina (Hb): 4,5 g/dL; LDH: 3366 U/L]. Biópsia do enxerto: microangiopatia trombótica. Realizado manejo com hemoderivados (plasma fresco) e plasmaférese, com melhora da função renal (CRs: 1,46 mg/dl). Uma semana após esta intercorrência, reapresentou quadro de febre, anemia, sinais de hemólise e ITU, então manejados com ciprofloxacina, pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona e transfusão de plasma (plaquetas: 43.000 mm3; Hb: 6,0 mg/dl, reticulócitos: 1,3%, haptoglobina < 5,8 mg/dl, LDH: 1181 U/L). Após piora clínica, iniciada terapêutica com Eculizumab, 900 mg a cada cinco dias durante duas semanas. Evoluiu com boa resposta clínica, caracterizada pela melhora da função renal, normalização hematológica (plaquetas: 160.000 mm3; Hb: 11,4 g/dL) e alta hospitalar em cinco dias. Desde então, mantém uso de Eculizumab 900 mg de 15/15 dias, com quadro renal e hematológico estável. O uso de Eculizumab foi de grande utilidade no controle da recidiva da SHUa e preservação do enxerto.


To report the use of Eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) after renal transplantation. A 16 year-old patient diagnosed with chronic kidney disease since 2010, due to aHUS, under dialysis. kidney transplantation by deceased donor: February/2012. She showed good clinical evolution until the 14th postoperative day, when he developed a fever, oliguria, worsening of renal function [serum creatinine (CRs): 4.0 mg/dl] and signs of hemolysis [platelets: 110,000 mm3; hemoglobin (Hb): 4.5 g/dL; LDH: 3366 U/L]. Renal biopsy of the graft: thrombotic microangiopathy. Treated with handling blood products (fresh plasma) and plasmapheresis, with improvement of renal function (serum creatinine: 1.46 mg/dl). A week after this complication, fever anemia, signs of hemolysis and ITU restarted then it was handled with ciprofloxacin, methylprednisolone pulse therapy and plasma transfusion (Platelets: 43,000 mm3; Hb: 6.0 mg/dl, reticulocytes; 1.3%, haptoglobin < 5.8 mg/dl, HDL: 1181 U/L). After clinical worsening, it was started a therapy with Eculizumab, 900 mg in every five days for two weeks. There was some progress with good clinical response, characterized by improved renal function, stabilization of aHUS and discharged in five days. Since then, she keeps using Eculizumab 900mg each 15 days with the renal and haematological normalization (Platelets: 160,000 mm3; Hb: 11.4 g/dL). The use of Eculizumab was useful in controlling the ongoing manifestation of aHUS and transplant preservation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/drug therapy , Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Kidney Function Tests
8.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 23(1): 122-127, jan.-fev. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-762107

ABSTRACT

Este artigo objetivou refletir sobre o Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) como estratégia atual de avaliação dos serviços de atenção básica utilizada pelo Ministério da Saúde. Destaca alguns de seus aspectos mais relevantes, tendo como norte a efetivação da implementação do Sistema Único de Saúde como política social voltada para o acesso universal e a equidade em saúde, por meio da descentralização e fortalecimento dos níveis municipais e locais de saúde. Apesar de sua recente implantação, em 2011, atualmente o PMAQ-AB encontra-se em seu segundo ciclo, o que é considerado muito precoce, visto que todo o processo nacional é bastante complexo, dispendioso e exaustivo, tanto para as equipes de atenção básica que são avaliadas quanto para a as equipes de avaliadores. Além disso, é um tempo demasiadamente curto para identificação de problemas, definição de estratégias de intervenção e mudança de realidades.


This article reflects on the National Primary Care Access and Quality Improvement Program (PMAQ-PC) as a current strategic for reviewing primary care services used by the Ministry of Health. It highlight some of its most relevant features, as they relate to effective implementation of the Unified Health System as a social policy designed to afford universal access and equity in health by decentralizing and strengthening health care at the municipal and local levels. Although introduced only recently (in 2011), the PMAQ-PC is currently in its second phase, which is considered very premature, since the entire national process is very complex, expensive and exhaustive, both for the primary care teams evaluated and the teams of evaluators. Also, it is too short a time to identify the problems, develop intervention strategies, and change conditions.


Este artículo tuvo por objetivo presentar una reflexión sobre el Programa Nacional de Mejoramiento del Acceso y de la Calidad de la Atención Primaria (PMAC-AP) como la revisión estratégica actual de los servicios de atención primaria que utiliza el Ministerio de la Salud, destacando algunos de sus aspectos más relevantes, tiendo como norte la implementación del Sistema Único de Salud - política social dirigida al acceso universal y a la equidad en salud, a través de la descentralización y fortalecimiento de los niveles de salud municipales y locales. A pesar de su reciente creación, en 2011, actualmente el PMACAP se encuentra en su segunda fase, lo que se considera muy temprano, ya que todo el proceso nacional es muy complejo, costoso y agotador, tanto para los equipos de atención primaria que son evaluados por los equipos de evaluadores. Además, es un muy corto tiempo para la identificación de problemas, definición de estrategias de intervención y cambio de realidades.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Services Accessibility , Primary Health Care , Nursing Assessment , Health Evaluation , Diagnosis of Health Situation , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Total Quality Management , Brazil , Nursing Research
9.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2015. 184 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-758249

ABSTRACT

Este estudo tem por objeto a implantação do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) na região do Médio Paraíba fluminense sob o olhar dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde e dos gestores da Atenção Básica. A indagação norteadora desta pesquisa foi: em que medida o Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) capta a importância do trabalho dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde? Partindo do pressuposto que o desenvolvimento do PMAQ não se dá, no concreto, de forma linear nem livre de tensões, e que o trabalho do ACS, por seu caráter de mediação, é um campo privilegiado para análise sobre essas tensões. O objetivo geral do estudo é analisar a implantação do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) nos municípios da região do Médio Paraíba do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, tomando como eixo de análise o processo de trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde. O estudo apresenta uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, através de questionários, entrevistas e grupos focais e o método de análise dos dados qualitativos foi de base interpretativa com apoio do referencial da Hermenêutica-Dialética. O campo da pesquisa foi a região do Médio Paraíba fluminense. Os resultados evidenciam que na opinião dos gestores, o PMAQ aparece como uma estratégia norteadora do processo de trabalho das equipes, que possibilita o resgate de alguns princípios da ESF, já os ACS apontam que o seu primeiro contato com o PMAQ foi fundamentado na pactuação do cumprimento de metas que resultariam no pagamento de um incentivo financeiro. Percebemos que não existe uma crítica quanto a implantação do PMAQ, nem por parte da gestão, muito menos por parte das equipes. Não encontramos nos relatos dos gestores nenhuma menção ao trabalho do ACS, sua participação e importância em todas as fases do PMAQ...


This study aims at the implementation of the National Programme for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) in the Middle Paraíba Fluminense region from the perspective of Community Health Agents and the Primary Care managers. The guiding question of this study was: to what extent the National Programme for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) captures the importance of the work of the Community Health Agents? Assuming that the development of PMAQ does not occur in the present, linearly or tension-free, and that the ACS work, for his mediation character, is an outstanding role in analysis of these tensions. The overall objective of the study is to analyze the implementation of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) in the municipalities of the region of the Middle Paraíba of the Rio de Janeiro State, taking as axis the work process of community health workers. The study presents a quantitative and qualitative approach, through questionnaires, interviews and focus groups and the method of analysis of the qualitative data was based interpretative support the framework of hermeneutics-dialectics. The field of research was the Middle Paraíba Fluminense region. The results show that in the opinion of management, the PMAQ appears as a guiding strategy of the work process of the teams, that enables the rescue of some principles of the ESF, since the ACS indicate that your first contact with the PMAQ was based on the pact achievement of goals that would result in the payment of a financial incentive. We realize that there is not a criticism as the implementation of PMAQ, or by the management, much less by the teams. Not found in the reports of managers no mention of the work of the ACS, their participation and importance at all stages of PMAQ. The managers consider that the PMAQ promoted a positive change in the way the ACS work organization...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Community Health Workers , Health Services Accessibility , Primary Health Care , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Total Quality Management , Quality of Health Care , Brazil , Nursing Methodology Research , Qualitative Research , Evaluation Studies as Topic
10.
Rio de Janeiro; Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e Defesa Civil; 2012. 283 p. ilus, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-744983
11.
Trab. educ. saúde ; 8(2)jul.-out. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-555445

ABSTRACT

O agente comunitário de saúde (ACS) é um dos atores profissionais que compõem as equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), sendo sua atuação considerada fundamental para a ampliação e consolidação dessa estratégia. Desde as primeiras experiências locais com ACS em fins dos anos 1970, seu perfil sociodemográfico vem apresentando mudanças. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir o aspecto da escolaridade e da capacitação dos ACS que atuam na Área Programática (AP) 5.2 do município do Rio de Janeiro, articulando trabalho e educação e entendendo o trabalho como um princípio emancipatório. Este estudo foi formulado com base na ideia de triangulação metodológica, aqui alcançada a partir da formulação original de Denzin. Os dados sobre a escolaridade dos ACS foram obtidos mediante questionário autoaplicável individual, respondidos por 301 ACS dos 12 módulos de ESF e seis módulos da Estratégiade Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (EACS) da AP 5.2. A apresentação e a discussão dos dados mostram mudanças no perfil de escolaridade desse trabalhador,concluindo-se que o ACS é um trabalhador que busca alternativas de escolarização e formação profissional. Defende-se a ampliação da escolaridade e o ensino técnico como processo para a consolidação do Sistema Único de Saúde.


Community health agents (CHA) are among the professional players that make up the Family Health Strategy (FHS) teams, and their performance is considered as critical to the expansion and consolidation of this strategy. Since the first local experiences with CHAs in the late 1970s, their sociodemographic profile has been changing. This article aims to present and discuss the aspect of education and training of the CHAs who work in Program Area (PA) 5.2 of the city of Rio de Janeiro, integrating work and education and understanding the work as an emancipatory principle. This study was formulated based on the methodological triangulation idea, reached here based on the original formulation of Denzin. Data on the CHAs' education were obtained via an individual self-applied questionnaire answered by 301 of the CHAs of the 12 FHS modules and six Community Health Workers Strategy (CHWS) modules of PA 5.2. The presentation and discussion of the data show changes in this worker's educational profile, and it can be concluded that the CHA is a worker who is in search of alternative schooling and vocational training. An expansion of the schooling and technical education is defended as a process to consolidate the Unified Health System.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mentoring , Educational Status , Health Personnel , Professional Practice , Unified Health System
12.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2010. 110 p. ilus, mapas.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-655497

ABSTRACT

Este estudo tem por objeto a trajetória profissional e de escolarização do Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS), entendendo a escolarização como um processo de avançar no aprendizado dentro da escola formal e não apenas na formação profissional. Entende-se o trabalho como um princípio emancipatório, mas ao mesmo tempo repleto de contradições e, ainda, campo de exploração, na lógica do modelo de acumulação em curso. O objetivo geral do estudo é descrever e discutir a trajetória de trabalho, formação e escolarização dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde inseridos na Área Programática 5.2 (AP 5.2). O estudo apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa, com base nas narrativas sobre o trabalho e vida dos ACS e o método de análise dos dados foi de base interpretativa com apoio do referencial da Hermenêutica-Dialética. Além disso, foi obtido um perfil quantitativo de escolaridade de todos os ACS. O campo da pesquisa foi a AP 5.2, no município do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados evidenciam ampliação significativa em todas as faixas de escolaridade desses ACS após o início do trabalho. As razões apontadas para o ingresso no trabalho de ACS estão relacionadas à oportunidade de ingresso ou reingresso no mercado formal de trabalho e a proximidade da residência. A desvalorização e a falta de reconhecimento são apontadas como os principais motivos para os ACS deixarem a profissão. Alguns sujeitos apontaram como provisório o trabalho de ACS e sua permanência está vinculada a falta de outras perspectivas e também a sua identificação com o trabalho comunitário, remetendo a um caráter de dádiva. O princípio emancipatório do trabalho também foi apontado por alguns sujeitos, já que o trabalho propiciou a retomada de antigos objetivos, no caso, voltar a estudar. Também foram encontrados achados da influência do enfermeiro no trabalho do ACS e na sua opção profissional...


This study focuses on the professional development and education of the Community Health Agent, understanding education as a process of progress in learning within the formal school and not just in the professional formation. Work is understood as an emancipation principle, at the same time full of contradictions, and also an exploitation field, in the ongoing logic of capital accumulation. Main objective was to describe and discuss work, training and education of the Community Health Agents in the Program Area 5.2 of Rio de Janeiro city. The study was carried out in a qualitative approach based on narratives about subject’s life and work, and of data analysis’ method had theoretical support of hermeneutics-dialectics interpretation. In addition, a quantitative education profile was obtained. Results showed significant increase in all levels of Agents’ formal education after they start working. The reasons given for entry into the work as Health Agent are related to the entry into or return to formal labor market and the proximity of the residence. Depreciation and lack of recognition are identified as main reasons for them to leave the profession. Some subjects considered the Agents’ work as temporary, and their remaining is linked to lack of other perspectives, as also their identification with communitarian work, evidencing characteristics of the gift. The emancipation principle of labor was also mentioned by some subjects, since the work enabled the resumption of old objectives, in the case, to return to school. Also were found the influence of nurses in the Agent’s work and their choice of subsequent profession...


Subject(s)
Humans , Community Health Workers/education , Community Health Workers/supply & distribution , Primary Health Care , Health Education , Professional Practice , Brazil
13.
Psicol. estud ; 11(2): 323-330, maio-ago. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-452878

ABSTRACT

O interesse por este tema surgiu a partir de uma reflexão sobre o papel do profissional de saúde nos atendimentos realizados no ambiente hospitalar, tendo como meta transmitir para esses profissionais informações sobre os cuidados de saúde de uma maneira mais simples e humanizada, e assim levar o bem-estar a todos. O governo adota uma política legal e ética com relação à saúde no país, possuindo um papel fundamental no processo de humanização. Com a proposta de melhorar a qualidade do atendimento nos hospitais, percebemos que estas atividades requerem tempo e conscientização tanto dos profissionais como do governo e pessoas envolvidas no sistema de saúde. Diante desta situação, o psicólogo surge com o papel de resgatar o ser humano para além de sua dimensão físico-biológica e situá-lo num contexto maior de sentido e significado nas suas dimensões psíquicas e sociais.


The interest on this theme emerged from a reflection on the role of health professionals in relation to the attendance carried out in hospitals. Thus, the aim is to transmit other pieces of information to these professionals, regarding health concerns, in a simpler and humanized way, thereby, leading to an atmosphere of well-being to the whole group or working team. Government adopts legal and ethics policies in relation to the heath in the country, holding a fundamental role in the humanization process. When aiming at improving the quality of hospital service, it was noticed that such activities require time and understanding on part of: professionals, government and also on part of all the people involved in the health system. Thus, the psychologist appears, with the purpose of rescuing the human being, beyond their physic-biological dimension, placing them into a bigger context of senses and meanings regarding their psychic and social dimensions.


El interés por este tema surgió a partir de una reflexión sobre el papel del profesional de salud en los atendimientos realizados en el ambiente hospitalario, teniendo como meta transmitir a estos profesionales informaciones sobre los cuidados de salud de una manera más simple y humanizada, y así, proporcionar bienestar a todos. El Gobierno adopta una política legal y ética con relación a la salud en el país, teniendo un papel fundamental en el proceso de humanización. Con la propuesta de mejorar la calidad del atendimiento en los hospitales, percibimos que estas actividades requieren tiempo y concienciación, tanto de los profesionales como del Gobierno y personas involucradas en el sistema de salud. Ante esta situación, el psicólogo surge con el papel de rescatar el ser humano más allá de su dimensión físico-biológica y ubicarlo en un contexto mayor de sentido y significado en sus dimensiones psíquicas y sociales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Humanization of Assistance
14.
Psicol. estud ; 11(2): 323-330, maio-ago. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-49533

ABSTRACT

O interesse por este tema surgiu a partir de uma reflexão sobre o papel do profissional de saúde nos atendimentos realizados no ambiente hospitalar, tendo como meta transmitir para esses profissionais informações sobre os cuidados de saúde de uma maneira mais simples e humanizada, e assim levar o bem-estar a todos. O governo adota uma política legal e ética com relação à saúde no país, possuindo um papel fundamental no processo de humanização. Com a proposta de melhorar a qualidade do atendimento nos hospitais, percebemos que estas atividades requerem tempo e conscientização tanto dos profissionais como do governo e pessoas envolvidas no sistema de saúde. Diante desta situação, o psicólogo surge com o papel de resgatar o ser humano para além de sua dimensão físico-biológica e situá-lo num contexto maior de sentido e significado nas suas dimensões psíquicas e sociais.(AU)


The interest on this theme emerged from a reflection on the role of health professionals in relation to the attendance carried out in hospitals. Thus, the aim is to transmit other pieces of information to these professionals, regarding health concerns, in a simpler and humanized way, thereby, leading to an atmosphere of well-being to the whole group or working team. Government adopts legal and ethics policies in relation to the heath in the country, holding a fundamental role in the humanization process. When aiming at improving the quality of hospital service, it was noticed that such activities require time and understanding on part of: professionals, government and also on part of all the people involved in the health system. Thus, the psychologist appears, with the purpose of rescuing the human being, beyond their physic-biological dimension, placing them into a bigger context of senses and meanings regarding their psychic and social dimensions.(AU)


El interés por este tema surgió a partir de una reflexión sobre el papel del profesional de salud en los atendimientos realizados en el ambiente hospitalario, teniendo como meta transmitir a estos profesionales informaciones sobre los cuidados de salud de una manera más simple y humanizada, y así, proporcionar bienestar a todos. El Gobierno adopta una política legal y ética con relación a la salud en el país, teniendo un papel fundamental en el proceso de humanización. Con la propuesta de mejorar la calidad del atendimiento en los hospitales, percibimos que estas actividades requieren tiempo y concienciación, tanto de los profesionales como del Gobierno y personas involucradas en el sistema de salud. Ante esta situación, el psicólogo surge con el papel de rescatar el ser humano más allá de su dimensión físico-biológica y ubicarlo en un contexto mayor de sentido y significado en sus dimensiones psíquicas y sociales.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Humanization of Assistance
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