ABSTRACT
Melorheostosis, an uncommon mesenchymal dysplasia, rarely affects the axial skeleton. We describe the imaging findings of melorheostosis involving the cervical and upper thoracic spine. Radiographs and CT showed unilateral well-marginated undulating zones of cortical hyperostosis involving multiple vertebrae that were contiguous with a coalescent ossified right paravertebral mass. MR imaging showed zones of signal intensity void on all pulse sequences without contrast enhancement. Conservative management was elected because of lack of interval clinical and imaging changes for 8 years.
Subject(s)
Cervical Vertebrae , Melorheostosis/diagnosis , Spinal Diseases/diagnosis , Thoracic Vertebrae , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Cervical Vertebrae/pathology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Melorheostosis/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Spinal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Thoracic Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Thoracic Vertebrae/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Six anti-AIDS drugs were assessed for in vivo genotoxicity and cytotoxicity at human clinical doses with the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay. These included four dideoxynucleosides (azidothymidine, dideoxycytidine, dideoxyadenosine, and dideoxyinosine), an anthracycline antibiotic (doxorubicin), and a chelating agent (D-penicillamine). Cytological analysis of the mouse bone marrow cells revealed: (i) The dideoxynucleosides and D-penicillamine failed to induce significant number of micronuclei, and except for one of the five doses of dideoxyinosine, none of the dideoxynucleosides were cytotoxic at the doses tested. (ii) Doxorubicin induced micronuclei in a dose-dependent manner which was statistically significant at 4-times the clinical dose but was not cytotoxic at any of the doses tested.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Antiviral Agents/toxicity , Dideoxynucleosides/toxicity , Mutagens/toxicity , Animals , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Bone Marrow Cells , Dideoxynucleosides/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/toxicity , Female , Male , Mice , Micronucleus Tests , Penicillamine/toxicityABSTRACT
Selegiline hydrochloride (1-deprenyl) and bromocriptine mesylate (2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine) are two drugs that have shown considerable promise in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay was used to examine their clastogenic and cytotoxic potential in human clinical dose range. Our results indicate that both drugs failed to induce significant number of micronuclei and were not cytotoxic at any of the doses tested, in vivo in mouse bone marrow cells, at doses as high as 16-times the clinical dose used in humans.
