Effect of a Non-pharmacological Intervention on Vaccine-related Pain: Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Acute pain during vaccine administration is an expected event; however, some strategies, such as the use of high frequency vibration devices associated with cryotherapy, may minimize it. AIM: Evaluate the effect of high frequency vibration associated with cryotherapy on the level of pain related to the administration of influenza vaccine by intramuscular route in adults. METHOD: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 350 adults who received the influenza vaccine. Participants allocated to the intervention group used a high-frequency vibration device associated with cryotherapy during vaccination, and those in the control group administered the vaccine according to the service routine. RESULTS: Mean self-reported pain after vaccination of participants who used the device was lower (1.5 ±1.7) when compared to those who did not use it (1.9 ±1.9) (p = .041). There was an association of higher levels of pain after vaccination with participants in the control group (p = .011), females (p = .042), with higher level of pain expected with vaccination (p < .001) and higher level of anxiety before (p < .001) and after vaccination (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: The use of high frequency vibration associated with cryotherapy has been shown to be a viable non-pharmacological intervention for the reduction of pain associated with influenza vaccination in adults.

Laser auriculotherapy associated with cupping therapy in chronic spinal pain: Randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal spine disorders are common causes of chronic pain and impair functionality. Laser auriculotherapy and cupping has played a significant role in the treatment of chronic pain. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effect of laser auriculotherapy associated with cupping at systemic acupuncture points on chronic spinal pain. METHODS: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Volunteers underwent three evaluations: an initial evaluation, a final evaluation immediately after the last intervention session, and a 15-day follow-up. The pain was identified using the numeric pain scale. The pain threshold was also evaluated against mechanical stimulation using a Digital Dynamometer at specific points in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions. Fifty individuals with chronic spinal pain, randomized into groups: experimental (n = 25), submitted to 10 sessions of auriculotherapy with laser and cupping therapy and control (n = 25). RESULTS: The experimental group achieved pain intensity reduction between pre and post and follow-up moments (p < 0.0001), of greatest pain in the last seven days among all moments (p < 0.0001), of least pain in the pre with post moment (p = 0.006) and follow-up (p = 0.002), and an increased pain threshold between pre and post (p = 0.023). The control group achieved a reduction in the nociceptive threshold between pre and post (p = 0.001) and follow-up (p < 0.0001). The experimental group showed reduced pain intensity (p = 0.027) and greater pain (p = 0.005) after intervention and in pain intensity (p = 0.018), greater (p < 0.0001) and less pain (p = 0.025) at follow-up, compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Auriculotherapy with laser associated with cupping therapy may effectively reduce pain intensity and increase the nociceptive threshold.

Development and Validation of an Auricular Acupuncture Protocol for the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Cancer Patients.

Auricular acupuncture (AA) has been used to manage chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, the application of the technique varies widely among the clinical trials that test its effectiveness. The aim of the present study was to develop and clinically validate an AA protocol for the management of CINV in cancer patients. This study was carried out in two stages: (1) development of the AA protocol for the management of CINV and (2) clinical validation of the protocol. The content validity of the protocol was determined by a panel of specialists, with an agreement rate ranging from 85.7% to 100%. In the clinical validation, when administered to cancer patients, the protocol developed has been shown to reduce the incidence, frequency, severity, and length of nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy, as well as the severity of nausea and anticipatory nausea following chemotherapy. This protocol needs to be tested in future studies, including a pilot study with a sham group and a randomized clinical trial, in order to further evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, safety, and clinical usefulness for the management of CINV.

Effectiveness of auricular acupuncture and pelvic floor muscle training in the management of urinary incontinence following surgical treatment for prostate cancer: A randomized clinical trial.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of auricular acupuncture combined with pelvic floor muscle training to manage urinary incontinence following radical prostatectomy. METHODS: This is a randomized clinical trial that was conducted between April 2019 and April 2020 with 60 participants allocated into two groups, namely: control (pelvic muscle training) and intervention (auricular acupuncture + pelvic muscle training). Interventions were carried out during eight weekly sessions. Generalized estimating equations and proportion difference tests were applied in the statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: Urinary incontinence severity decreased between pre-test and post-test in both groups. There was a statistically significant difference of the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life between the groups at post-test in the domain "severity measures" (p = 0.013), and only in the intervention group between pre-test and post-test in the domains "emotions" (p < 0.001) and "sleep and mood" (p = 0.008). The intervention group was 20.8% (p = 0.007) and 25.3% (p = 0.002) less likely to present nocturia and urinary urgency, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Auricular acupuncture combined with pelvic floor muscle training was more effective, compared to pelvic floor muscle training alone, in reducing the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life and reducing the odds of nocturia and urinary urgency.

Quality of life and satisfaction of students with auriculotherapy in the covid-19 pandemic: a quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the quality of life before and after the application of auriculotherapy and the satisfaction of university students with the treatment during the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS: quasi-experimental study conducted with 44 students in a University Health Center. The intervention consisted of ten sessions of auriculotherapy focusing on emotional changes with quality of life assessment before and after treatment. The study also investigated the satisfaction concerning the intervention. RESULTS: predominated among the students: women, from health courses, in use of psychotropic drugs and complaining of emotional changes. There was a statistically significant increase in all domains of quality of life, and students were satisfied with the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: auriculotherapy improved the quality of life of university students during the covid-19 pandemic, and the level of satisfaction with the treatment was high.

Efeitos da terapia assistida com animais no manejo da dor: protocolo de revisão sistemática / Effects of assisted therapy with animals for pain management: systematic review protocol

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os ensaios clínicos randomizados existentes na literatura sobre os efeitos da terapia assistida com animais no manejo da dor, em pessoas com quadros álgicos, comparando-a ao tratamento convencional ou a outras intervenções não farmacológicas. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um protocolo de revisão sistemática reportado segundo o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). O protocolo foi registrado na International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). A busca será realizada em bases de dados variadas, combinando os descritores 'Animal Assisted Therapy', 'Pain Management' e 'Controlled Clinical Trial' e suas variações. Serão incluídos apenas ensaios clínicos randomizados e o gerenciamento dos resultados se dará nos softwares EndNote e Rayyan. A ferramenta Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias 2 será utilizada para avaliação do risco de viés, e a ferramenta Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) será utilizada para avaliação da certeza de evidência. Se possível, a metanálise será realizada para determinar o efeito da terapia assistida com animais sobre a intensidade da dor.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the existing randomized clinical trials in the literature on the effects of Animal Assisted Therapy on pain management in people with pain when compared to conventional treatment or other non-pharmacological interventions. METHOD: Systematic Review, reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). The protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The search will be carried out in various sources of information, combining the descriptors 'Animal Assisted Therapy', 'Pain Management', and 'Controlled Clinical Trial' and their variations. Only randomized clinical trials will be included, and results will be managed in EndNote and Rayyan software. The assessment of bias risk will be carried out by the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias 2 tool, and the assessment of the certainty of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. If possible, a meta-analysis will be performed to determine the effect of Assisted Therapy with Animals on pain intensity.

Quality of life and satisfaction of students with auriculotherapy in the covid-19 pandemic: a quasi-experimental study / Calidad de vida y satisfacción de estudiantes con auriculoterapia en la pandemia de covid-19: estudio cuasi experimental / Qualidade de vida e satisfação de estudantes com auriculoterapia na pandemia de covid-19: estudo quase experimental

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the quality of life before and after the application of auriculotherapy and the satisfaction of university students with the treatment during the covid-19 pandemic. Methods: quasi-experimental study conducted with 44 students in a University Health Center. The intervention consisted of ten sessions of auriculotherapy focusing on emotional changes with quality of life assessment before and after treatment. The study also investigated the satisfaction concerning the intervention. Results: predominated among the students: women, from health courses, in use of psychotropic drugs and complaining of emotional changes. There was a statistically significant increase in all domains of quality of life, and students were satisfied with the treatment. Conclusions: auriculotherapy improved the quality of life of university students during the covid-19 pandemic, and the level of satisfaction with the treatment was high.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la calidad de vida antes y después de la aplicación de auriculoterapia y satisfacción de estudiantes universitarios con el tratamiento durante la pandemia de covid-19. Métodos: estudio cuasi experimental, realizado con 44 estudiantes en centro de salud de una universidad. La intervención constituyó en diez sesiones de auriculoterapia, enfocado en las altercaciones emocionales, y la evaluación de la calidad de vida pasó antes y después del tratamiento. La satisfacción con la intervención también fue investigada. Resultados: predominaron entre los estudiantes: mujeres, de cursos del área de la salud, en uso de psicotrópicos y con queja de alteraciones emocionales. Hubo aumento estadísticamente significante en todos los dominios de la calidad de vida, y los estudiantes quedaron satisfechos con el tratamiento. Conclusiones: la auriculoterapia fue capaz de mejorar la calidad de vida de estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia de covid-19, y el nivel de satisfacción con el tratamiento fue alto.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a qualidade de vida antes e depois da aplicação da auriculoterapia e a satisfação de estudantes universitários com o tratamento durante a pandemia de covid-19. Métodos: estudo quase experimental, realizado com 44 estudantes em um centro de saúde de uma universidade. A intervenção consistiu em dez sessões de auriculoterapia, com foco nas alterações emocionais, e a avaliação da qualidade de vida ocorreu antes e depois do tratamento. A satisfação com a intervenção também foi investigada. Resultados: predominaram entre os estudantes: mulheres, de cursos da área da saúde, em uso de psicotrópicos e com queixa de alterações emocionais. Houve aumento estatisticamente significativo em todos os domínios da qualidade de vida, e os estudantes ficaram satisfeitos com o tratamento. Conclusões: a auriculoterapia foi capaz de melhorar a qualidade de vida de estudantes universitários durante a pandemia de covid-19, e o nível de satisfação com o tratamento foi alto.

Validade e confiabilidade do King's Health Questionnaire em homens submetidos à prostatectomia radical / Validity and reliability of the King's Health Questionnaire in men undergoing radical prostatectomy / Validez y fiabilidad del King's Health Questionnaire en hombres sometidos a prostatectomía radical

Resumo Enquadramento: A avaliação do impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida de homens prostatectomizados requer medidas válidas e confiáveis. Objetivo: Analisar a validade e confiabilidade do King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) em homens prostatectomizados. Metodologia: Estudo metodológico. Análises de validades estrutural, critério concorrente, constructo convergente e confiabilidade foram desenvolvidas em amostra de 152 homens, a 0,05 de significância. Resultados: A análise fatorial exploratória indicou estrutura bidimensional e variância explicada pelos dois fatores de 66,9%. Todos os domínios apresentaram correlação positiva com o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire. Verificou-se correlações positivas entre gravidade da incontinência urinária e domínios do KHQ; e correlação positiva entre número de absorventes e 'medidas de gravidade'. Homens com incontinência de urgência apresentaram piores níveis de qualidade de vida nos domínios emoções (p = 0,020) e medidas de gravidade (p = 0,013). O alfa de Cronbach foi 0,88 variando de 0,64 a 0,84 entre os domínios do instrumento e omega de McDonald de 0,91. Conclusão: O KHQ apresenta evidências de adequada validade e confiabilidade em homens prostatectomizados.

Abstract Background: Assessing the impact of urinary incontinence on the quality of life of men undergoing radical prostatectomy requires valid and reliable measures. Objective: To analyze the validity and reliability of the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) in men undergoing radical prostatectomy. Methodology: Methodological study. Reliability and structural, concurrent, and convergent validity were analyzed in a sample of 152 men. Significance was set at 0.05. Results: The exploratory factor analysis indicated a two-dimensional structure, and the two factors explained 66.9% of variance. All domains were positively correlated with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire. Positive correlations were found between urinary incontinence severity and KHQ domains and between the number of pads and Severity measures. Men with urge incontinence had worse levels of quality of life in the domains of Emotions (p = 0.020) and Severity measures (p = 0.013). Cronbach's alpha was 0.88, ranging from 0.64-0.84 in KHQ domains to 0.91 in McDonald's omega. Conclusion: The KHQ provided evidence of adequate validity and reliability in men undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Resumen Marco contextual: La evaluación del impacto de la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida de los hombres sometidos a prostatectomía requiere medidas válidas y fiables. Objetivo: Analizar la validez y fiabilidad del King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) en hombres sometidos a prostatectomía. Metodología: Estudio metodológico. Análisis de validez estructural, criterio concurrente, constructo convergente y fiabilidad se desarrollaron en una muestra de 152 hombres, a un nivel de significación de 0,05. Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio indicó una estructura bidimensional y varianza explicada por los dos factores del 66,9%. Todos los dominios mostraron una correlación positiva con el International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire. Se encontraron correlaciones positivas entre la gravedad de la incontinencia urinaria y los dominios del KHQ; y una correlación positiva entre el número de compresas y las medidas de gravedad. Los hombres con incontinencia de urgencia presentaron peores niveles de calidad de vida en los dominios emociones (p = 0,020) y medidas de gravedad (p = 0,013). El alfa de Cronbach fue 0,88, y varió de 0,64 a 0,84 entre los dominios del instrumento y omega de McDonald de 0,91. Conclusión: El KHQ presenta evidencias de validez y fiabilidad adecuadas en hombres sometidos a prostatectomía.

Integrative and complementary practices to control nausea and vomiting in pregnant women: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: to synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the effects of integrative and complementary practices in nausea and vomiting treatment in pregnant women. METHOD: a systematic review, reported according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO. The search for studies was carried out in 11 databases. To assess risk of bias in randomized clinical trials, the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2) was used. RESULTS: the final sample consisted of 31 articles, divided into three categories: aromatherapy, phytotherapy and acupuncture. It was observed that aromatherapy with lemon essential oil, ginger capsules, pericardial 6 point acupressure were the interventions that proved to be effective. Less than half of studies reported adverse effects, with mild and transient symptoms predominating. Most articles were classified as "some concern" in risk of bias assessment. CONCLUSION: the three most effective interventions to control gestational nausea and vomiting were aromatherapy, herbal medicine and acupuncture, with significant results in the assessment of individual studies.

Effect of Ear Acupuncture plus Dry Cupping on Activities and Quality of Life in the Adults with Chronic Back Pain: a Randomized Trial.

Background: Chronic pain is a complex phenomenon that brings physical and emotional impairments negatively impacting people's quality of life. The adoption of interventions such as ear acupuncture and dry cupping can represent a treatment option for people with chronic back pain. Objectives: To investigate the effects of ear acupuncture combined with dry cupping therapy on the interference of pain with the daily activities and quality of life of adults with chronic back pain. Methods: An open-label, randomized, parallel-group controlled clinical trial. One hundred and ninety-eight adults were randomized into control (CG - ear acupuncture) or experimental (EG - ear acupuncture combined with dry cupping) groups. Interventions were performed in five sessions, once a week, lasting five weeks. Evaluations were performed before the first session, after the last session, and seven days after the second evaluation, using the Brief Pain Inventory to assess the impact of pain on daily activities and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) to assess the quality of life. Results: Between the initial and final sessions, there were significant changes in daily activities , activity, work, mood, relationships, sleep, and in the physical, psychological and social relationships domains for both the control and experimental groups. Improved perception of quality of life and satisfaction with health were observed for the participants in the experimental group. Conclusion: Ear acupuncture combined with dry cupping showed better results in terms of perception of quality of life and satisfaction with health when compared to ear acupuncture by itself.

Effects of ear acupuncture combined with cupping therapy on severity and threshold of chronic back pain and physical disability: A randomized clinical trial.

Background and aim: Chronic back pain causes physical, functional, and emotional disabilities. Traditional Chinese Medicine therapies have been shown as interventions to treat chronic back pain. The present study aimed to clinically evaluate the effects of ear acupuncture combined with cupping therapy on people with chronic back pain. Experimental procedure: We conducted an open-label, randomized, parallel-group controlled clinical trial. Following the CONSORT statement recommendations, 198 participants were randomized into 'ear acupuncture' and 'ear acupuncture and cupping therapy' groups. Data were collected in three different points; before the first session (initial) with the patient, after the last session (final), and seven days after the end of the treatment (follow-up). The Brief Pain Inventory, a digital algometer, and the Rolland Morris Disability Questionnaire were used for data collection. Generalized Estimation Equation model was used to examine the association between the interventions and the primary outcome pain severity. Results: Pain severity, pressure pain threshold, and physical disability improved over time in both groups. However, for the patients being treated with both ear acupuncture and cupping therapy, significant changes were seen in pain severity, pain relief, and physical disabilities between the initial and final sessions. For the 'ear acupuncture and cupping therapy' group, significant changes were also seen for pain relief and physical disability in the follow-up session. Conclusion: Ear acupuncture combined with cupping therapy was shown to be more effective in the treatment of chronic back pain when compared to treatment using only ear acupuncture.

Effects of low-power laser auriculotherapy on chronic spinal pain: Randomized clinical trial.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of laser auriculotherapy on chronic spinal pain. It is a randomized controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Volunteers with chronic spinal pain underwent three evaluations: an initial evaluation, a final evaluation immediately after the last intervention session, and a 15-day follow-up. Pain intensity, nociceptive threshold in relation to mechanical stimulus, and degree of pain (the greatest and least pain) in the last seven days were the assessed variables. The experimental group (EG, n = 24) underwent 10 sessions of laser auriculotherapy twice a week, while the control group (CG, n = 23) did not receive any intervention. RESULTS: The EG showed great clinical improvement in relation to the variable pain intensity between pre- and post-interventions (65.2%) and pre-intervention and follow-up (58.62%) compared to the CG. There was a significant increase in the nociceptive threshold for the EG. In contrast, the CG showed a significant reduction in the nociceptive threshold. The intergroup analysis indicated an improvement in pain intensity for the EG (0.006). This result remained at the follow-up (0.012). The nociceptive threshold increased over time for the EG (0.016). In contrast, the CG showed a reduction in this variable with a significant difference over time (<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of this clinical trial suggest that the proposed intervention may be effective in reducing pain intensity and increasing the nociceptive threshold. The effect of the intervention remained 15 days after the end of the treatment, when the volunteers were re-evaluated.

Factors associated with stress, anxiety and depression in nursing professionals in the hospital context.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the factors associated with stress, anxiety and depression, concomitantly, in nursing professionals who work in the hospital context. METHODS: a quantitative and cross-sectional study with 353 nursing professionals from a hospital. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 were used. Data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, difference and correlation tests. RESULTS: the main factors associated with stress, anxiety and depression, concomitantly, were being female, compromised family and social support, lack of autonomy at work, hostile relationship with colleagues, lack of professional recognition and satisfaction, feeling of being overwhelmed and insecurity. CONCLUSIONS: demographic, physiological, social and work factors impact the levels of stress, anxiety and depression in nursing professionals. The adoption of coping strategies for modifiable factors should be considered, in order to provide better quality of life for these professionals.

Relação entre dor crônica nas costas, incapacidade e qualidade de vida após auriculoacupuntura e ventosaterapia e satisfação com o tratamento: estudo transversal / Relationship between chronic back pain, disability and quality of life after auriculoacupuncture and cupping therapy and satisfaction with treatment: across-sectional study / La relación entre el dolor de espalda crónico, la discapacidad y la calidad de vida después de la acupuntura auricular y la terapia con ventosas y la satisfacción con el tratamiento: un estudio transversal

OBJETIVO: avaliar a relação da intensidade da dor, incapacidade física e qualidade devida após tratamento de auriculoacupuntura e ventosaterapia com a satisfação com o tratamento, necessidade dele para controle da dor, percepção de melhora e consumo de medicação. MÉTODO: estudo transversal conduzido com 198 pessoas com dor crônica nas costas. Foram investigadas: intensidade da dor, incapacidade física, qualidade de vida, satisfação com o tratamento, necessidade da intervenção para o controle da dor, percepção de melhora e consumo de medicação. Foi realizada correlação de Spearman a 5% de significância. RESULTADOS: Houve correlações negativas de fraca magnitude da intensidade da dor e da incapacidade física com a satisfação com o tratamento, necessidade da intervenção, percepção de melhora após o tratamento e consumo de medicamentos, e correlações positivas de fraca magnitude da percepção da qualidade de vida com a satisfação com o tratamento, necessidade da intervenção, e percepção de melhora. CONCLUSÃO: A melhora da intensidade da dor, da incapacidade física e da qualidade de vida ocasionou melhor estado geral de saúde, satisfação com o tratamento e menor consumo de medicamentos entre os participantes do estudo.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the relationship between pain intensity, physical disability and quality of life after auriculoacupuncture and cupping therapy with satisfaction with treatment, need for it to control pain, perception of improvement and medication consumption. METHOD: cross-sectional study conducted with 198 people with chronic back pain. The following were investigated: painintensity, physical disability, quality of life, satisfaction with treatment, need for intervention to control pain, perception of improvement and medication consumption. Spearman's correlation was performed at 5% of significance. RESULTS: There were low magnitude negative correlations of pain intensity and physical disability with treatment satisfaction, need for intervention, perception of improvement after treatment and medication consumption, and low magnitude positive correlations of quality of life perception with satisfaction with treatment, need for intervention, and perception of improvement. CONCLUSION: The improvement in pain intensity, physical disability and quality of life resulted in better general health status, satisfaction with treatment and lower consumption of medication among study participants.

OBJETIVOS: evaluar la relación de la intensidad del dolor, la discapacidad física y la calidad de vida después de la acupuntura auricular y la terapia con ventosas con la satisfacción con el tratamiento, la necesidad del mismo para controlar el dolor, la percepción de mejoría y el consumo de medicamentos. MÉTODO:estudio transversal realizado con 198 personas con dolor de espalda crónico. Se investigó: la intensidad del dolor, la discapacidad física, la calidad de vida, la satisfacción con el tratamiento, la necesidad de intervención para el control del dolor, la percepción de mejoría y el consumo de medicamentos. Se realizó la correlación de Spearman al 5% de significancia. RESULTADOS: Hubo correlaciones negativas de baja magnitud de la intensidad del dolor y de la discapacidad física con la satisfacción con el tratamiento, necesidad de intervención, percepción de mejoría después del tratamiento y consumo de medicamentos, y correlacion espositivas de baja magnitud de la percepción de la calidad de vida con la satisfacción con el tratamiento, necesidad de intervención y percepción de mejora. CONCLUSIÓN: La mejora en la intensidad del dolor, la discapacidad física y la calidad de vida llevaron aun mejor estado general de salud, satisfacción con el tratamiento y menor consumo de medicamentos entre los participantes del estudio.

Integrative and complementary practices to control nausea and vomiting in pregnant women: a systematic review / Prácticas integradoras y complementarias para el control de náuseas y vómitos en gestantes: una revisión sistemática / Práticas integrativas e complementares para controle de náuseas e vômitos em gestantes: revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT Objective: to synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the effects of integrative and complementary practices in nausea and vomiting treatment in pregnant women. Method: a systematic review, reported according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO. The search for studies was carried out in 11 databases. To assess risk of bias in randomized clinical trials, the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2) was used. Results: the final sample consisted of 31 articles, divided into three categories: aromatherapy, phytotherapy and acupuncture. It was observed that aromatherapy with lemon essential oil, ginger capsules, pericardial 6 point acupressure were the interventions that proved to be effective. Less than half of studies reported adverse effects, with mild and transient symptoms predominating. Most articles were classified as "some concern" in risk of bias assessment. Conclusion: the three most effective interventions to control gestational nausea and vomiting were aromatherapy, herbal medicine and acupuncture, with significant results in the assessment of individual studies.

RESUMEN Objetivo: sintetizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre los efectos de las prácticas integradoras y complementarias en el tratamiento de náuseas y vómitos en gestantes. Método: revisión sistemática, reportada según PRISMA y registrada en PROSPERO. La búsqueda de estudios se realizó en 11 bases/bases de datos. Para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo en los ensayos clínicos aleatorios, se utilizó la herramienta Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2). Resultados: la muestra final estuvo compuesta por 31 artículos, divididos en tres categorías: aromaterapia, fitoterapia y acupuntura. Se observó que la aromaterapia con aceite esencial de limón, las cápsulas de jengibre, la acupresión en el punto 6 del pericardio fueron las intervenciones que demostraron ser efectivas. Menos de la mitad de los estudios reportaron efectos adversos, predominando los síntomas leves y transitorios. La mayoría de los artículos se clasificaron como "cierta preocupación" en la evaluación del riesgo de sesgo. Conclusión: las tres intervenciones más efectivas para controlar las náuseas y los vómitos gestacionales fueron la aromaterapia, la fitoterapia y la acupuntura, con resultados significativos en la evaluación de los estudios individuales.

RESUMO Objetivo: sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre os efeitos das práticas integrativas e complementares no tratamento de náusea e vômito em gestantes. Método: revisão sistemática, relatada conforme o PRISMA e registrada no PROSPERO. A busca pelos estudos foi realizada em 11 bases/bancos de dados. Para avaliação do risco de viés dos ensaios clínicos randomizados, utilizou-se a ferramenta Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2). Resultados: a amostra final foi composta por 31 artigos, divididos em três categorias: aromaterapia, fitoterapia e acupuntura. Observou-se que a aromaterapia com óleo essencial de limão, cápsulas de gengibre, acupressão no ponto pericárdio 6 foram as intervenções que se provaram eficazes. Menos da metade dos estudos relatou efeitos adversos, sendo que predominaram sintomas de leve intensidade e transitórios. A maioria dos artigos foi classificada como "alguma preocupação" na avaliação do risco de viés. Conclusão as três intervenções mais eficazes para controle de náusea e vômito gestacional foram aromaterapia, fitoterapia e acupuntura, com resultados significativos na avaliação dos estudos individuais.

Factors associated with stress, anxiety and depression in nursing professionals in the hospital context / Factores asociados al estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión en profesionales de enfermería en el contexto hospitalario / Fatores associados ao estresse, ansiedade e depressão em profissionais de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the factors associated with stress, anxiety and depression, concomitantly, in nursing professionals who work in the hospital context. Methods: a quantitative and cross-sectional study with 353 nursing professionals from a hospital. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 were used. Data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, difference and correlation tests. Results: the main factors associated with stress, anxiety and depression, concomitantly, were being female, compromised family and social support, lack of autonomy at work, hostile relationship with colleagues, lack of professional recognition and satisfaction, feeling of being overwhelmed and insecurity. Conclusions: demographic, physiological, social and work factors impact the levels of stress, anxiety and depression in nursing professionals. The adoption of coping strategies for modifiable factors should be considered, in order to provide better quality of life for these professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar los factores asociados al estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión, de forma concomitante, en los profesionales de enfermería que laboran en el contexto hospitalario. Métodos: estudio cuantitativo y transversal, con 353 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis estadístico descriptivo, pruebas de diferencia y correlación. Resultados: los principales factores asociados al estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión, concomitantemente, fueron el género femenino, el apoyo familiar y social comprometido, la falta de autonomía en el trabajo, la relación hostil con los compañeros, la falta de reconocimiento y satisfacción profesional, la sensación de abrumamiento e inseguridad. Conclusiones: factores demográficos, fisiológicos, sociales y laborales inciden en los niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en los profesionales de enfermería. Se debe considerar la adopción de estrategias de afrontamiento de factores modificables, con el fin de brindar una mejor calidad de vida a estos profesionales.

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar os fatores associados ao estresse, ansiedade e depressão, concomitantemente, em profissionais de enfermagem que atuam no contexto hospitalar. Métodos: estudo quantitativo e transversal, com 353 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital. Empregou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e a Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse-21. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva, testes de diferença e correlação. Resultados: os principais fatores associados ao estresse, ansiedade e depressão, concomitantemente, foram sexo feminino, suporte familiar e social comprometidos, falta de autonomia no trabalho, relação hostil com os colegas, falta de reconhecimento e satisfação profissional, sentimento de estar sobrecarregado e insegurança. Conclusões: fatores demográficos, fisiológicos, sociais e laborais impactam os níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão nos profissionais de enfermagem. A adoção de estratégias de enfrentamento dos fatores modificáveis deve ser considerada, a fim de proporcional melhor qualidade de vida desses profissionais.

Physical and emotional factors associated with the severity of chronic back pain in adults: a cross-sectional study / Factores físicos y emocionales asociados a la gravedad del dolor crónico en adultos: un estudio transversal / Fatores físicos e emocionais associados à severidade da dor crônica nas costas em adultos: estudo transversal

ABSTRACT Objective: determining the multidimensional factors associated with the severity of chronic back pain is essential to design appropriate interventions. The objective of this study was to assess the physical and emotional factors associated with the severity of chronic back pain in adults. Method: a descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study, carried out between November 2017 and December 2018 in Family Health Strategies, with 198 adults with chronic back pain. Pain severity, assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory, was considered the outcome variable; and the pain interference in daily activities (Brief Pain Inventory), physical disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief) and pain threshold (digital algometer) variables were considered explanatory. A Multivariate Multiple Linear Regression analysis, using the stepwise method with 5% significance, was preformed to establish an explanatory model of pain severity. Results: the mean age was 48.03 years old (standard deviation: 12.41). Most of the participants were women, married and worked. The variables that had a significant and joint impact on pain severity were pain interference in daily activities (parameter: 0.196; p-value<0.001) and in mood (parameter: 0.054; p-value=0.039) and physical domain of quality of life (parameter: -0.032; p-value<0.001). Conclusion: physical factors (pain interference in daily activities and physical domain of quality of life) and emotional factors (pain interference in mood) play an important role in the severity of chronic back pain, which reinforces its multidimensional character.

RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar los factores multidimensionales asociados a la gravedad del dolor de espalda crónico es esencial para diseñar intervenciones apropiadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los factores físicos y emocionales asociados a la gravedad del dolor de espalda crónico en adultos. Método: estudio descriptivo y analítico, de corte transversal, realizado entre noviembre de 2017 y diciembre de 2018, en unidades de la Estrategia de Salud Familiar, con 198 adultos que sufren dolor de espalda crónico. La gravedad del dolor, evaluada por medio del Brief Pain Inventory, se consideró como variable de resultado; y las variables interferencia del dolor en las actividades cotidianas (Brief Pain Inventory), discapacidad física (Cuestionario de Discapacidad de Roland Morris), calidad de vida (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief) y umbral de dolor (algómetro digital) se consideraron como variables explicativas. Se realizó un análisis multivariado de Regresión Lineal Múltiple, usando el método stepwise con 5% de significancia, para establecer el modelo explicativo de la gravedad del dolor. Resultados: la media de edad fue de 48,03 años (desviación estándar: 12,41). La mayoría de los participantes fueron mujeres, casadas y con alguna actividad laboral. Las variables que ejercieron un impacto sobre la gravedad del dolor en forma significativa y conjunta fueron las siguientes: interferencia del dolor en las actividades cotidianas (parámetro: 0,196; valor p<0,001) y en el estado de ánimo (parámetro: 0,054; valor p=0,039) y el dominio físico de la calidad de vida (parámetro: -0,032; valor p<0,001). Conclusión: los factores físicos (interferencia del dolor en las actividades cotidianas y el dominio físico de la calidad de vida) y emocionales (interferencia del dolor en el estado de ánimo) desempeñan un rol importante en la gravedad del dolor de espalda crónico, lo que refuerza su carácter multidimensional.

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar os fatores multidimensionais associados à severidade da dor crônica nas costas é essencial para traçar intervenções apropriadas. O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em avaliar os fatores físicos e emocionais associados à severidade da dor crônica nas costas em adultos. Método: estudo descritivo analítico, de corte transversal, realizado entre novembro de 2017 e dezembro de 2018, em Estratégias de Saúde da Família, com 198 adultos com dor crônica nas costas. A severidade da dor, avaliada pelo Brief Pain Inventory, foi considera variável de desfecho; as variáveis interferência da dor nas atividades cotidianas (Brief Pain Inventory), incapacidade física (Questionário de Incapacidade de Rolland Morris), qualidade de vida (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief) e limiar de dor (algômetro digital) foram consideradas variáveis explicativas. Análise multivariada de Regressão Linear Múltipla, usando o método stepwise com 5% de significância, foi conduzida para estabelecer modelo explicativo da severidade da dor. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 48,03 anos (desvio padrão: 12,41). A maioria eram mulheres, casadas e que trabalhavam. As variáveis que tiveram impacto na severidade da dor de forma significativa e conjunta foram interferência da dor nas atividades cotidianas (parâmetro: 0,196; valor p<0,001) e no humor (parâmetro: 0,054; valor p=0,039) e domínio físico da qualidade de vida (parâmetro: -0,032; valor p<0,001). Conclusão: fatores físicos (interferência da dor nas atividades cotidianas e domínio físico da qualidade de vida) e emocionais (interferência da dor no humor) desempenham importante papel na severidade da dor crônica nas costas, o que reforça o seu caráter multidimensional.

Diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-I® em pacientes críticos adultos portadores de COVID-19 / Diagnósticos en enfermería de NANDA-I® en pacientes críticos adultos con COVID-19 / NANDA-I® nursing diagnoses in adult critical patients with COVID-19

Resumo Objetivo Identificar possíveis diagnósticos de enfermagem conforme a classificação da NANDA-International presentes em pacientes críticos adultos portadores de COVID-19 a partir de pistas diagnósticas descritas pela literatura científica. Métodos Estudo descritivo, desenvolvido em três etapas: revisão de literatura e agrupamento das pistas diagnósticas identificadas de acordo com as Necessidades Humanas Básicas; levantamento dos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-International a partir da correspondência entre as pistas diagnósticas descritas pela literatura com o título e indicadores diagnósticos; validação da correspondência diagnóstica por enfermeiros peritos. Foi utilizado o índice de concordância ≥ 0,80. Resultados A partir da leitura de 20 estudos, elegeram-se 51 pistas diagnósticas que foram agrupadas em 11 Necessidades Humanas Básicas Psicobiológicas. Após três rodadas de análise pelos peritos, identificou-se correspondência das 51 pistas diagnósticas com 26 títulos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-International. Os domínios dessa classificação com maior número de diagnósticos foram: atividade/repouso (n=9); segurança/proteção (n=7) e nutrição (n=4). Ressalta-se que 45,1% das pistas diagnósticas apresentaram correspondência com mais de um título diagnóstico. Além disso, a maioria dos diagnósticos de enfermagem (60,0%) refere-se a problemas reais e 40,0% a problemas potenciais. Conclusão Os resultados obtidos permitiram a identificação de pistas diagnósticas presentes em pacientes críticos adultos portadores de COVID-19 e verificar sua equivalência com 26 títulos diagnósticos da NANDA-International.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar posibles diagnósticos en enfermería según la clasificación de NANDA-International presentes en pacientes críticos adultos con COVID-19 a partir de pistas diagnósticas que se describen en la literatura científica. Métodos Estudio descriptivo, desarrollado en tres etapas: revisión de literatura y agrupación de las pistas diagnósticas identificadas de acuerdo con las Necesidades Humanas Básicas; recopilación de los diagnósticos de enfermería de NANDA-International a partir de la correspondencia entre las pistas diagnósticas que se describen en la literatura con el título e indicadores diagnósticos; validación de la correspondencia diagnóstica por enfermeros expertos. Se utilizó el índice de coincidencia ≥ 0,80. Resultados A partir de la lectura de 20 estudios, se eligieron 51 pistas diagnósticas que se agruparon en 11 Necesidades Humanas Básicas Psicobiológicas. Después de tres rondas de análisis de los expertos se identificó la correspondencia de las 51 pistas diagnósticas con 26 títulos diagnósticos de enfermería de NANDA-International. Los dominios de esa clasificación con un mayor número de diagnósticos fueron: actividad/reposo (n=9); seguridad/protección (n=7) y nutrición (n=4). Se destaca que 45,1 % de las pistas diagnósticas presentaron correspondencia con más de un título diagnóstico. Además, la mayoría de los diagnósticos de enfermería (60,0 %) se refiere a problemas reales y el 40,0 % a problemas potenciales. Conclusión Los resultados alcanzados permitieron la identificación de pistas diagnósticas presentes en pacientes críticos adultos con COVID-19 y verificar su equivalencia con 26 títulos diagnósticos de NANDA-International.

Abstract Objective To identify possible nursing diagnoses according to the NANDA-International classification present in critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 based on diagnostic clues described in the scientific literature. Method This is a descriptive study, developed in three stages: literature review and grouping of diagnostic clues identified according to Basic Human Needs; survey of NANDA-International nursing diagnoses based on the correspondence between diagnostic clues described in the literature with title and diagnostic indicators; validation of diagnostic correspondence by expert nurses. An agreement index ≥ 0.80 was used. Results From the reading of 20 studies, 51 diagnostic clues were selected and grouped into 11 Psychobiological Basic Human Needs. After three rounds of analysis by the experts, a correspondence of 51 diagnostic clues with 26 NANDA-International nursing diagnosis titles was identified. The domains of this classification with the highest number of diagnoses were: activity/rest (n=9); safety/protection (n=7) and nutrition (n=4). It is noteworthy that 45.1% of the diagnostic clues corresponded to more than one diagnostic title. Moreover, most nursing diagnoses (60.0%) refer to real problems and 40.0% to potential problems. Conclusion The results obtained allowed the identification of diagnostic clues present in critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 and to verify their equivalence with 26 diagnostic titles from NANDA-International.

Daily lives of university students in the health area during the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the main changes that took place in the daily lives of students in the health area during the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out from May to June 2020, with 1786 students over 18 years old, regularly enrolled in health courses at higher education institutions in five regions of Brazil. Sampling was by convenience, typified as snowball. In order to collect data, an instrument to describe the sociodemographic profile and the daily lives of students during the pandemic period was used, which was applied via a digital platform on the web. RESULTS: The main changes that took place in the daily lives of academic students in the health area in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil are related to lower productivity; difficulty concentrating; increased hours of sleep, use of electro-electronic equipment and weight; poorer quality of food; higher consumption of food, legal and illegal substances and medications (mainly analgesics, anxiolytics and antidepressants); less interest in personal appearance; and greater contact with relatives. Regarding emotional changes, it should be underlined the complaints of anxiety, stress, anguish, confusion, helplessness and depression. CONCLUSIONS: During the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil, the students in the health area experienced several changes in their daily lives, which deserve special attention from higher education institutions and health systems, envisioning interventions to minimize health risks to this population.

Daily lives of university students in the health area during the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil / La vida cotidiana de los estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud durante el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil / Quotidiano de estudantes universitários da área da saúde durante o início da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil

Objective: To determine the main changes that took place in the daily lives of students in the health area during the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out from May to June 2020, with 1786 students over 18 years old, regularly enrolled in health courses at higher education institutions in five regions of Brazil. Sampling was by convenience, typified as snowball. In order to collect data, an instrument to describe the sociodemographic profile and the daily lives of students during the pandemic period was used, which was applied via a digital platform on the web. Results: The main changes that took place in the daily lives of academic students in the health area in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil are related to lower productivity; difficulty concentrating; increased hours of sleep, use of electro-electronic equipment and weight; poorer quality of food; higher consumption of food, legal and illegal substances and medications (mainly analgesics, anxiolytics and antidepressants); less interest in personal appearance; and greater contact with relatives. Regarding emotional changes, it should be underlined the complaints of anxiety, stress, anguish, confusion, helplessness and depression. Conclusion: During the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil, the students in the health area experienced several changes in their daily lives, which deserve special attention from higher education institutions and health systems, envisioning interventions to minimize health risks to this population.

Objetivo. Determinar los principales cambios ocurridos en la vida cotidiana de los estudiantes del área de la salud durante el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil. Métodos. Estudio transversal realizado a 1786 estudiantes mayores de 18 años, regularmente matriculados en cursos del área de la salud en instituciones de enseñanza superior en cinco regiones de Brasil. El muestreo fue por conveniencia del tipo bola de nieve. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un instrumento para describir el perfil sociodemográfico y la rutina de los estudiantes al inicio del periodo de la pandemia, el cual se aplicó a partir de una plataforma digital en la web. Resultados. Los principales cambios ocurridos diariamente están relacionados con la menor productividad; la dificultad de concentración, el aumento en las horas de sueño, del peso y el uso de dispositivos electrónicos, la inadecuada alimentación, el mayor consumo de alimentos, el uso sustancias lícitas e ilícitas y medicamentos (principalmente analgésicos, ansiolíticos y antidepresivos), el menor interés por la apariencia personal y el menor contacto con los familiares. En cuanto a los cambios emocionales, se presentó en mayor medida ansiedad, estrés, angustia, confusión, impotencia y depresión. Conclusión. Los estudiantes de salud durante el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil experimentaron varios cambios en su vida cotidiana, que merecen una atención especial por parte de las instituciones de educación superior y los sistemas de salud, con el objetivo de realizar intervenciones para minimizar los riesgos para la salud de esta población.

Objetivo. Determinar as principais mudanças ocorridas no quotidiano de estudantes da área de saúde durante o início da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. Métodos. Estudo transversal, realizado no período de maio a junho de 2020 com 1786 estudantes com mais de 18 anos, regularmente matriculados em cursos da área da saúde em instituições de nível superior de cinco regiões do Brasil. A amostragem foi por conveniência, do tipo bola de neve. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um instrumento para descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e a rotina dos estudantes durante o período de pandemia, que foi aplicado via plataforma digital na web. Resultados. As principais mudanças ocorridas no quotidiano dos acadêmicos da área da saúde frente à pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil estão relacionadas à menor produtividade; dificuldade de concentração; aumento de horas de sono, do peso, de uso de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos; pior qualidade da alimentação; maior consumo de alimentos, substâncias lícitas e ilícitas e medicamentos (principalmente analgésicos, ansiolíticos e antidepressivos); menor interesse pela aparência pessoal; e maior contato com familiares. Em relação às alterações emocionais, destacam-se maiores queixas de ansiedade, estresse, angústia, confusão, impotência e depressão. Conclusão. Os estudantes da área de saúde durante o início da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil vivenciaram diversas mudanças no quotidiano, as quais merecem atenção especial por parte das instituições de ensino superior e dos sistemas de saúde, vislumbrando-se intervenções para minimizar os riscos à saúde desta população