Morphology of laryngeal cartilage of the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) Linnaeus, 1758.

Armadillos, Xenarthras representatives, known for adaptability to different ecosystems, own specific morphophysiological characteristics that are not known and deserve to be studied. The aim of this study was to describe the morphology of cartilage of the larynx of the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus). Five dead armadillos were donated by the Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity (ICMBio-PI) to the Federal University of Piauí. The animals were fixed and dissected for removal of the larynx. The cartilages were identified and described, photodocumented, and schematized. Fragments with about 0.5 cm of each cartilage were collected and submitted to classical histology for Hematoxylin-Eosin coloring. The slides were assembled in enterlan and analyzed under a light microscope. The larynx of the armadillo (D. novemcinctus) is located in the mentonian region, ventral to the esophagus, and due to the total positioning of the tongue in the oral cavity, there is also a cranial cervical position in this species. The larynx has five cartilages, they are: a cricoid, a thyroid, an epiglottis, and two arytenoids. The corniculate process is present; however, the cuneiform process is absent. The epiglottis has a discrete bifurcation at its apex. In all cartilages epithelial variations are observed. The tissues are varied from squamoso stratified to cylindrical pseudostratified, with propria lamina rich in mucoserosas glands. With the exception of epiglottic cartilage, predominantly elastic, the rest are hyaline. The larynx of D. novemcinctus, although the same number of cartilages, differs morphologically and microscopically from the larynx of other species.

Dieta e Cárie Dental em Escolares de 10 a 14 Anos na Cidade de Picos, Piauí / Diet and Dental Caries in Schoolchildren from 10 to 14 Years Old in the City of Picos, Piauí

A dieta e o estado nutricional influenciam na saúde geral e bucal dos indivíduos. Alimentos ricos em açúcares, por sua vez, facilitam odesenvolvimento da doença cárie. Conhecer os hábitos alimentares de uma população e a prevalência de cárie auxilia no entendimento darelação entre essas duas condições e, por conseguinte, na criação de medidas preventivas ao desenvolvimento da cárie dentária que leva muitascrianças e adolescentes à perda precoce dos dentes. Dessa forma, buscou-se avaliar a presença de cárie dentária e os hábitos alimentaresde escolares de 10 a 14 anos de uma escola municipal no município de Picos, Piauí. Estudo observacional transversal realizado com os 69alunos regularmente matriculados na faixa de 10 a 14 anos. Foram aplicados questionários que abordaram temas referentes à higiene bucal,utilização de serviços odontológicos e aos hábitos alimentares, com ênfase no consumo de açúcar. Exames clínicos para detecção de lesõescariosas também foram realizados. A análise descritiva dos dados foi representada por meio de tabelas e gráficos. Em 66,6% dos indivíduos acárie estava presente, e 7,4% deles tinham seis ou mais lesões. Cereais, biscoitos e refrigerantes foram alguns dos alimentos mais consumidos(78,2%, 60,8% e 55% respectivamente) e apenas 44,9% dos escolares relataram realizar a escovação após lanches. Concluiu-se que, napopulação em estudo, a maioria dos indivíduos tinha elementos dentários com lesões cariosas e alimentação rica em carboidrato e açúcares

Diet and nutritional status influence in general and oral health of individuals. Foods high in sugars in turn, facilitate the development of caries.Know the eating habits of a population and the prevalence of caries helps in understanding the relationship between these two conditions andtherefore the creation of preventive measures for the development of tooth decay that leads many children and teens to early loss of teeth.Thus, we sought to evaluate the presence of tooth decay and food habits in schoolchildren of 10 to 14 years of a municipal school in the cityof Picos, Piauí. Cross-sectional observational study made with 69 students regular enrolled and in the range of 10-14 years. Questionnaireswere applied with questions regarding oral hygiene, use of dental services and eating habits with an emphasis on sugar consumption. Clinicalexamination for detecting carious lesions were also conducted. The descriptive analysis of the data was represented through tables and graphs.In 66.6% of subjects decay was present, and 7.4% of them had six or more lesions. Cereals, cookies and soft drinks were some of the food moreconsumed (78.2%, 60.8% and 55% respectively) and only 44.9% of students reported having brushing after snacks. It is concluded that in thestudy population, most individuals had teeth with lesions of dental caries and a diet rich in carbohydrates and sugars.