Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology , Tobacco Use Disorder/complications , Risk FactorsSubject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Smoking/therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In spite of the advances in sepsis diagnosis and treatment in the last years, the morbidity and mortality are still high. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence, in-hospital evolution and prognosis of patients that presented sepsis in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. METHODS: This is a prospective study that included patients (n = 7,332) submitted to cardiac surgery (valvular or coronary) between January 1995 and December 2007. The classic criteria of sepsis diagnosis were used to identify the patients that developed such condition and the preoperative comorbidities, in-hospital evolution and prognosis were evaluated. RESULTS: Sepsis occurred in 29 patients (prevalence = 0.39%). There was a predominance of the male when compared to the female sex (79% vs. 21%). Mean age was 69 +/- 6.5 years. The main preoperative comorbidities were: systemic arterial hypertension (79%), dyslipidemia (48%) and family history of coronary artery disease (38%). The mean Apache score was 18 +/- 7, whereas the Sofa score was 14.2 +/- 3.8. The primary infectious focus was pulmonary in 19 patients (55%). There were 19 positive cultures and the mean IV hydration during the first 24 hours was 1,016 +/- 803 ml. The main complications were acute renal failure (65%), low cardiac output syndrome (55%) and malignant ventricular arrhythmia (55%). Mortality was 79% (23 patients). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of sepsis after cardiac surgery was a rare event; however, its occurrence showed catastrophic clinical outcomes. The high morbidity and mortality showed the need to improve treatment, aiming at patients' better clinical evolution.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Sepsis/epidemiology , APACHE , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Coronary Disease/complications , Coronary Disease/surgery , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/classification , Postoperative Period , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
FUNDAMENTOS: A despeito do avanço no diagnóstico e na terapêutica da sepse nos últimos anos, a morbidade e mortalidade são elevadas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência, a evolução hospitalar e o prognóstico de pacientes que apresentaram sepse no pós- operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um registro prospectivo que incluiu pacientes (n = 7.332) submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca (valvar ou coronariana) entre janeiro de 1995 e dezembro de 2007. Utilizamos os critérios clássicos de diagnóstico de sepse para identificar os pacientes que evoluíram com tal enfermidade e avaliamos as comorbidades pré-operatórias, a evolução hospitalar e o prognóstico. RESULTADOS: A sepse ocorreu em 29 pacientes (prevalência = 0,39 por cento). O sexo masculino predominou sobre o feminino (79 por cento vs. 21 por cento). A idade média foi de 69 ± 6,5 anos. As principais comorbidades pré-operatórias eram: hipertensão arterial sistêmica (79 por cento), dislipidemia (48 por cento) e antecedente familiar de doença arterial coronariana (38 por cento). O índice Apache médio foi de 18 ± 7, enquanto o Sofa indicou 14,2 ± 3,8. O foco infeccioso primário foi pulmonar em 19 pacientes (55 por cento). Houve 19 culturas positivas, e a média de hidratação endovenosa nas primeiras 24 horas foi de 1.016 ± 803 ml. As principais complicações foram: insuficiência renal aguda (65 por cento), síndrome de baixo débito cardíaco (55 por cento) e arritmia ventricular maligna (55 por cento). A mortalidade foi de 79 por cento (23 pacientes). CONCLUSÃO: A sepse após cirurgia cardíaca foi um evento raro, porém com desfechos clínicos catastróficos. O índice elevado de morbidade e mortalidade revelou a necessidade de um aprimoramento no tratamento, visando melhorar a evolução clínica dos pacientes.
BACKGROUND: In spite of the advances in sepsis diagnosis and treatment in the last years, the morbidity and mortality are still high. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence, in-hospital evolution and prognosis of patients that presented sepsis in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. METHODS: This is a prospective study that included patients (n = 7,332) submitted to cardiac surgery (valvular or coronary) between January 1995 and December 2007. The classic criteria of sepsis diagnosis were used to identify the patients that developed such condition and the preoperative comorbidities, in-hospital evolution and prognosis were evaluated. RESULTS: Sepsis occurred in 29 patients (prevalence = 0.39 percent). There was a predominance of the male when compared to the female sex (79 percent vs. 21 percent). Mean age was 69 ± 6.5 years. The main preoperative comorbidities were: systemic arterial hypertension (79 percent), dyslipidemia (48 percent) and family history of coronary artery disease (38 percent). The mean Apache score was 18 ± 7, whereas the Sofa score was 14.2 ± 3.8. The primary infectious focus was pulmonary in 19 patients (55 percent). There were 19 positive cultures and the mean IV hydration during the first 24 hours was 1,016 ± 803 ml. The main complications were acute renal failure (65 percent), low cardiac output syndrome (55 percent) and malignant ventricular arrhythmia (55 percent). Mortality was 79 percent (23 patients). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of sepsis after cardiac surgery was a rare event; however, its occurrence showed catastrophic clinical outcomes. The high morbidity and mortality showed the need to improve treatment, aiming at patients' better clinical evolution.
