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1.
J Craniofac Surg ; 29(4): e375-e380, 2018 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29481513

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between morphologic factors of mandibular protrusion patients and clinical indices of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: Fifty-two Japanese patients divided into 2 groups: 1 jaw surgery group (30 patients) and 2 jaw surgery group (22 patients). Morphologic changes were studied using cephalograms taken before surgery and 1 year after surgery. Functional changes studied using impulse oscillometry and pulse oximetry during sleep, both of which are clinically useful measures in assessing OSA, taken before surgery and 1 year after surgery. RESULT: Lower face cage area significantly decreased in 1 jaw group than in 2 jaw group patients. Positive significant correlation was found between changes in 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and changes of tongue area and vertical position of the hyoid bone in 1 jaw surgery group. Multiple regression analysis indicates that tongue area and airway area were independently significant predictors of 3% ODI in 1 jaw group patients. CONCLUSION: In 2 jaw surgery, maxillary surgery compensated for the effect of mandibular setback surgery. Mandibular setback surgery to mandibular protrusion patients was performed within the range of adequate movement distance, but precautions for risk of postoperative obstructive sleep apnea syndrome should be considered.


Subject(s)
Mandible/surgery , Oxygen/blood , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/surgery , Adult , Cephalometry/methods , Female , Humans , Hyoid Bone/physiology , Male , Middle Aged , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures/methods , Oximetry , Pharynx/anatomy & histology , Sleep/physiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/blood , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Tongue/physiology , Young Adult
2.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol ; 273(2): 525-8, 2016 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25740470

ABSTRACT

Pyriform sinus malformations represent rare third and fourth branchial anomalies. Fistulae at the latter site were initially described and make up less than 1 % of all brachial anomalies. They may be discovered incidentally, or may present as a neck mass with recurrent infection, dysphagia, or airway compromise, and can be an unusual cause of dysphonia in infant and children. Here, we present a case of third branchial cyst located in pharyngeal wall of the left pyriform sinus which presented with dysphonia since birth in a 6-year-old girl. Transoral CO2 laser excision was carried out successfully with no communicating tract. The patient's dysphonia showed progressive regression at 1-year follow-up. Third branchial cyst in the left pyriform sinus (Bailey's type IV) is an unusual cause of dysphonia in pediatric. Our present case report is the first brachial cyst to be reported in the pyriform fossa and the second branchial anomalies to be excised transorally with CO2 laser.


Subject(s)
Branchioma/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Laser Therapy/methods , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods , Pyriform Sinus/surgery , Branchial Region/abnormalities , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/diagnosis , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hoarseness/diagnosis , Hoarseness/etiology , Hoarseness/surgery , Humans , Pyriform Sinus/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
3.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol ; 265(2): 217-22, 2008 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17917736

ABSTRACT

Our research is an additional genetic study to uncover the molecular mechanisms involved in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) pathogenesis by studying loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in both premalignant and malignant patients and to highlight the genotype of HNSCC in Upper Egypt. Patients with HNSCC from various parts of the world may have unique genotypes and this is the first genetic study of HNSCC in Sohag 500 KM to the south of Cairo. We performed a prospective study of 41 patients with precancerous and 79 patients with cancerous laryngeal, esophageal, nasopharyngeal, nasal and oral lesions, and 50 controls (The control patients were cases admitted for ear surgery or simple nasal surgery, from whom we took biopsy from mucosal lining of nasopharynx). The present study included 170 individuals who were admitted to the Ear, Nose and Throat department, Sohag University Hospital, Sohag, in Egypt in the period between April 2001 and March 2003. Samples which were taken by punch biopsy were frozen and stored at -80 degrees C and were subjected to histopathological examination. We investigated LOH and MSI by using six microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3, 5, 9, and 17. The markers used were D3S1286, D9S171, D9S753, D17S654, D17S695, and CFS1-R. LOH was in all premalignant and malignant lesions at 5q33.3-q34 and 13% of Controls. LOH at 17p21 was absent in all premalignant lesions and was found in 53% of malignant lesions and 12.4% of Controls. In premalignant lesions, LOH was at 3pter-3p24.2 (73% of cases), at 9p21 (46%), at 9q21.1-22.3 (37%), and at 17p13 (37%). These percents increased in malignant lesions to 87, 80, 67, and 63%, respectively. They were 14, 19.4, 17, and 19% in controls. Examination of LOH could improve diagnosis, adds additional confidence, in HNSCC by DNA extraction from suspicious lesions in high-risk groups (smokers and alcoholics) and LOH at 3p/9p seems to be of particular value for early detection and definition of progression risk. If there are high percent of LOH at these chromosomes, active intervention should be done (chemoprevention and regular follow up head and neck examination for very early detection and management).


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics , Alleles , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics
4.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol ; 70(6): 1081-4, 2006 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16406124

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In poor countries, hearing aids are too expensive for sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) children's parents to offer for their children. These children may have middle ear problem, this will aggravate the level of hearing loss which may lead to delay in their ability to speak. This study is to highlight the prevalence of middle ear pathology in SNHL children. METHODS: Two hundred children with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) were selected in our study from the outpatient clinic of ENT department of Sohag University Hospital, Egypt. Children were classified into three categories according to their middle ear status. They were normal middle ear, middle ear with unhealthy tympanic membrane or otitis media with intact drum and chronic suppurative otitis media with perforation. RESULTS: Seventy percent of cases were normal, 25% had middle ear problem with intact tympanic membrane and 5% had chronic suppurative otitis media with perforation. CONCLUSION: Thirty percent of SNHL children have middle ear pathology which aggravate the degree of hearing loss. Regular evaluation of SNHL children to treat those having middle ear pathology medically and/or surgically and this may help those having no ability to have hearing aids to learn language early.


Subject(s)
Hearing Loss, Bilateral/epidemiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/epidemiology , Otitis Media/epidemiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Audiometry/statistics & numerical data , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Egypt/epidemiology , Expectorants/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Ear Ventilation/statistics & numerical data , Otitis Media with Effusion/epidemiology , Otitis Media, Suppurative/epidemiology , Prevalence , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/epidemiology
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