ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine possible associations between some prognostic factors and drowning outcome. There were 47 drowning victims during the study period, of whom 39 (83%) survived and 8 (17%) died. All deaths occurred in children aged under 5 including 7 (87.5%) male and 1 (12.5%) female victims. Seven (87.5%) were Iranian and only one (12.5%) was from Afghanistan. Absence of vital signs at hospital arrival, need for resuscitation, GCS < 5 and acidosis all were associated with adverse outcome with a statistical significance (P < 0.05), but hypothermia was the only idependent predictor of poor outcome (OR 13.7; 95% CI 2.27 to 82.7 , P = 0.003). Since prognostic factors do not predict outcome with 100% accuracy, performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation at the scene and continuing it in the hospital can provide higher chances of recovery for the children.
Subject(s)
Drowning/diagnosis , Drowning/mortality , Adolescent , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Iran , Male , Near Drowning/therapy , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Outbreaks of sepsis due to water or contaminated equipment can cause significant mortality and morbidity in neonatal intensive care units. We studied an outbreak among neonates caused by flavobacterium and investigated the characteristics of the infected neonates, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and the source of the outbreak. Forty-five neonates with documented flavobacterium sepsis were evaluated in this descriptive study. Data including sex, vaginal delivery or caesarean, preterm or term, birth weight, results of blood cultures and antibiograms were recorded and cases followed up until death or recovery. Environmental sampling for detecting the source of contamination was performed. Among the 45 patients, 28 (62.2%) were male and 17 (37.8%) female (P<0.001). The commonest clinical manifestation was respiratory distress (60%). Eighteen neonates (40%) were low birth weight. Thirty-seven neonates (82.2%) were born via caesarean section. Twenty (44.4%) of them were preterm whereas 25 (55.6%) were term (P<0.001). Mortality was 17.7%. All strains were resistant to ampicillin, and susceptible to amikacin. The source of outbreak was contaminated distilled water.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Drug Contamination , Flavobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology , Flavobacterium/isolation & purification , Sepsis/epidemiology , Water Microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/mortality , Cross Infection/pathology , Female , Flavobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Flavobacteriaceae Infections/mortality , Flavobacteriaceae Infections/pathology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Sepsis/microbiology , Sepsis/mortality , Sepsis/pathologyABSTRACT
This study determined the types, patterns and prevalence of congenital malformation among the offspring of consanguineous and nonconsanguineous parents. In this prospective study of 3529 neonates delivered alive during a 1-year period, 109 had congenital malformations (3.09/1000 live births). The rate of congenital malformation was 2.0% among neonates from nonconsanguineous marriages and 7.0% from consanguineous marriages. The most common malformations were genitourinary (32.1%), musculoskeletal (22.0%) and cardiovascular (14.7%). Of the total malformed infants, 8.3% died within the neonatal period. Male infants were at greater risk for birth malformations. A history of congenital malformation was more common in siblings of consanguineous than nonconsanguineous marriages.
Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Consanguinity , Marriage/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology , Abortion, Spontaneous/etiology , Birth Rate , Chi-Square Distribution , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities/etiology , Epidemiologic Studies , Female , Genetic Counseling , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, Teaching , Humans , Infant Mortality , Infant, Newborn , Iran/epidemiology , Male , Neonatal Screening , Pilot Projects , Population Surveillance , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Stillbirth/epidemiologyABSTRACT
This study determined the types, patterns and prevalence of congenital malformation among the offspring of consanguineous and nonconsanguineous parents. In this prospective study of 3529 neonates delivered alive during a 1-year period, 109 had congenital malformations [3.09/1000 live births]. The rate of congenital malformation was 2.0% among neonates from nonconsanguineous marriages and 7.0% from consanguineous marriages. The most common malformations were genitourinary [32.1%], musculoskeletal [22.0%] and cardiovascular [14.7%]. Of the total malformed infants, 8.3% died within the neonatal period. Male infants were at greater risk for birth malformations. A history of congenital malformation was more common in siblings of consanguineous than nonconsanguineous marriages
