ABSTRACT
The authors report on a study carried out at the Centre Hospitalier universitaire (University Hospital) of Yaounde (Cameroon). Such a study aimed at to check interest of systematic malaria chemoprophylaxis during the peri-operative phase in general surgery. 61 patients were divided in two groups by random allocation with and without quinine chemoprophylaxis. All of them were monitored clinically and parasitologically during the peri-operative phase. Results show that in both groups, only patients already positive before surgical intervention presented clinical malaria signs, biologically confirmed; malaria attack was more frequent and more severe in the group without quinine. No malaria attack was observed in patients of both groups in which thick smear was negative in pre-operative phase. The authors suggest that any patient during the pre-operative phase, be tested to find out Plasmodium falciparum. If the test is positive, so chemoprophylaxis with quinine be prescribed. But such a medication is valuable only in urban endemic zone.
Subject(s)
Malaria/drug therapy , Plasmodium falciparum , Premedication/standards , Quinine/therapeutic use , Adult , Animals , Cameroon , Female , Hospitals, University , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Malaria/parasitology , Malaria/surgery , Male , Premedication/methods , Quinine/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Schistosomiasis/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Epidemiologic Methods , Feces/parasitology , Humans , MadagascarABSTRACT
First in Madagascar, a new drug the RP 35972 (Oltipraz) was used for the treatment of Schistosomiasis mansoni. clinical investigations confirm that any toxic action by this drug was observed. Oltipraz in doses of 25-35 mg/kg body weight was tried in 123 bilharzial patients. The authors obtained a percentage of cure of 90% in the 109 controlled cases and concluded Oltipraz to have been the most satisfactory treatment.
Subject(s)
Pyrazines/therapeutic use , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Schistosomicides/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Madagascar , Male , Middle Aged , Pyrazines/administration & dosage , Schistosoma mansoni , Thiones , ThiophenesSubject(s)
Schistosomiasis/prevention & control , Animals , Biomphalaria/parasitology , Bulinus/parasitology , Ducks , Ecology , Humans , Madagascar , Plants/parasitologySubject(s)
Mollusca/parasitology , Schistosomiasis/parasitology , Animals , Biomphalaria/anatomy & histology , Biomphalaria/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs/epidemiology , Humans , Madagascar , Mollusca/anatomy & histology , Schistosoma mansoni/parasitology , Schistosomiasis/epidemiology , Schistosomiasis/prevention & controlSubject(s)
Christianity , Parasitic Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Disease Reservoirs/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Madagascar , Male , Nematode Infections/epidemiology , Snails/parasitologySubject(s)
Ancylostomiasis/epidemiology , Adult , Ancylostomiasis/parasitology , Humans , Madagascar , Parasite Egg CountSubject(s)
Pyrazines/therapeutic use , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Schistosomicides/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Madagascar , Male , Middle Aged , Pyrazines/administration & dosage , Schistosoma mansoni , Thiones , ThiophenesABSTRACT
An evaluation of health problems is done in a village in Eastern Madagascar, where takes place a development programme. 217 inhabitants go through physical examination and lab tests are performed (Blood smear - Thick drop. Emmel test. Stools examination for parasites and enteroviruses). The epidemiologic investigation reveals the prevalences of Malaria (39,4 p. 100) intestinal schistosomiasis (59,9 p. 100) Ascaridiasis (61,3 p. 100) Hookworm (29,9 p. 100) Trichuriasis (19,8 p. 100) and sickle cells anemia (4,80 p. 100). The signs and symptoms are analysed, particularly spleen enlargement which is shown to be due to schistosomiasis. The local transmition pattern of schistosomiasis is investigated and, according to the malacological findings, is thought to be intermittent. The determination of the local hookworm is started. It should be Necator americanus. The sanitary programme to be set is considered regarding the local contexte.
