[Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Navarre, 2009-2012]. / Incidencia de la diabetes tipo 1 en Navarra, 2009-2012.

BACKGROUND: A north-south gradient for the incidence of type 1 diabetes (DM1) has been described in Europe, with higher incidence in the northern countries. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence data for DM1 in Navarre from 2009-2012, regardless of age at diagnosis, including geographical distribution and age and sex characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study, based on one primary and three secondary sources. Completeness of records was assessed, using the capture-recapture method, at 98.42%. Incidence was compared between different gender and age groups by estimating the incidence ratio using Poisson regression methods. To compare the incidence between the different geographical areas, adjustments were made to the values obtained by the indirect standardization method. RESULTS: A total of 216 cases were detected (incidence: 8.4/100,000 population/year; 95 % CI: 7.3-9.5). Incidence was higher in children than in adults, although the number of new cases was highest in those aged over 15. The age group with the highest incidence was 10 to 14 years; however, the highest percentage of patients fell in the 15 to 29-year-old group. Incidence was higher in men than in women. The incidence rates in the three southern regions were generally higher than the mean for Navarre. CONCLUSIONS: Navarre has a very high incidence of DM1 in children and adults aged 15 to 29. DM1 is more common in men and shows some geographic variability.

Incidencia de la diabetes tipo 1 en Navarra, 2009-2012 / Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Navarre, 2009-2012

Fundamento: En Europa se ha descrito un gradiente norte-sur en la incidencia de diabetes tipo 1 (DM1), con mayor incidencia en los países del norte. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en conocer los datos de incidencia de DM1 en Navarra, sin límite de edad al diagnóstico, durante el período 2009-2012, su distribución geográfica y sus características en cuanto a edad y sexo. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, con una fuente primaria y tres secundarias. La exhaustividad del registro se evaluó mediante el método captura-recaptura y fue del 98,42%. La comparación de la incidencia entre los diferentes grupos de género y edad, se ha realizado estimando la razón de incidencia a partir de métodos de regresión de Poisson. Para comparar las incidencias entre las distintas áreas, se ajustaron los valores obtenidos por el método de estandarización indirecta. Resultados: Se detectaron 216 casos (incidencia: 8,4/100.000 habitantes-año; IC 95%: 7,3-9,5). La incidencia en niños fue mayor que en adultos, aunque el número de debuts fue mayor en mayores de 15 años. El grupo de edad con mayor incidencia fue el de 10 a 14 años; en cambio, el mayor porcentaje de pacientes pertenece al grupo de 15 a 29 años. La incidencia en varones fue mayor que en mujeres. Los valores de incidencia en las 3 regiones del sur tienden a superar la media de la Comunidad. Conclusiones: Navarra presenta una incidencia muy alta de DM1 en niños y adultos de 15 a 29 años. La DM1 predomina en varones y muestra cierta variabilidad geográfica (AU)

Background: A north-south gradient for the incidence of type 1 diabetes (DM1) has been described in Europe, with higher incidence in the northern countries. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence data for DM1 in Navarre from 2009-2012, regardless of age at diagnosis, including geographical distribution and age and sex characteristics. Patients and methods: Prospective study, based on one primary and three secondary sources. Completeness of records was assessed, using the capture-recapture method, at 98.42%. Incidence was compared between different gender and age groups by estimating the incidence ratio using Poisson regression methods. To compare the incidence between the different geographical areas, adjustments were made to the values obtained by the indirect standardization method. Results: A total of 216 cases were detected (incidence: 8.4/100,000 population/year; 95 % CI: 7.3-9.5). Incidence was higher in children than in adults, although the number of new cases was highest in those aged over 15. The age group with the highest incidence was 10 to 14 years; however, the highest percentage of patients fell in the 15 to 29-year-old group. Incidence was higher in men than in women. The incidence rates in the three southern regions were generally higher than the mean for Navarre. Conclusions: Navarre has a very high incidence of DM1 in children and adults aged 15 to 29. DM1 is more common in men and shows some geographic variability (AU)

Influence of age at diagnosis on glycaemic control evolution in patients with type 1 diabetes.

AIM: The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between age at onset, with no age limits, and glycaemic control evolution from the time of onset in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS: This observational retrospective follow-up study included 716 patients with T1D onset between 1990 and 2008 treated at the Navarre Hospital Complex. The mean (SD) follow-up lasted 10.1 (5.3) years. Information on their HbA(1c) levels was collected at onset and every year thereafter. Generalized additive mixed models and linear models were used, with patients' annual HbA1c levels as the response variable and the number of years since onset together with age at onset as covariates. RESULTS: The evolution of glycaemic control is not linear and differs across all age groups. Children reach their highest values in adolescence, while patients with onset at ages 10-15 years stabilize their HbA(1c) values after 7 or 8 years. In adults, it is notable that an age of onset ≥ 45 years is associated with the worst control. CONCLUSION: A non-linear increase in HbA(1c) levels can be observed from the time of T1D diagnosis, with significant differences across all age groups.