ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is wide spread parasitic disease considered to be endemic in 88 countries in both old and new world. The standard treatment remains Meglumine antimoniate. AIM: We study the side effects of systemic meglumine antimoniate in cutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODS: We conduct a retrospective study covering 3-year period (2002- 2005). All medical reports of cutaneous leishmaniasis treated by systemic Meglumine antimoniate are reviewed. RESULTS: The study comprise 63 patients all treated by systemic meglumine antimoniate at the dose of 60 mg/kg/day for 10-15 days. Side effects were noted in 15 cases (12 females and 3 males). The subject's age range from 11 to 78 years. Stibio-intolerance (fever, rash, arthralgia, abdominal pain) was observed in 12 cases and stibiotoxicity in 3 cases: precordialgies 1 case, hyperamylasemia and increase liver enzyme: 1 case, pancytopenia, renal and hepatic failure leading to death: 1 case, skin eruption: 7 cases, pruritus and erythema in the site of injection: 5 cases, urticaria: 1 case. Meglumine antimoniate was stopped in 13 cases. CONCLUSION: Meglumine antimoniate is the generally recommended treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. In spite of the rarity of Glucantime's side effects, we recommend a careful survey especially in older patients.
Subject(s)
Antiprotozoal Agents/adverse effects , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Meglumine/adverse effects , Organometallic Compounds/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Antiprotozoal Agents/administration & dosage , Child , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Injections, Intramuscular/adverse effects , Male , Meglumine/administration & dosage , Meglumine Antimoniate , Middle Aged , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The occurrence in the same patient of three or more autoimmune diseases defines multiple autoimmune syndrome (MAS). Various autoimmune dermatoses, especially pemphigus, have been described in association with systemic autoimmune diseases as component of MAS. AIM: The aim of our study is to describe MAS with a new combination in a 55-year-old woman having a pemphigus vulgaris, associated with three other autoimmune diseases. CASE REPORT: A 55-year-old woman presented with multiple oral erosions of one year and blistering over the trunk and limbs of 15 days. Diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris was confirmed by histology and direct immunofluorescence on cutaneous biopsy. The patient was started on oral prednisone of 1.25 mg/Kg/day with which the lesions subsided gradually. On day 32 of prednisone, she developed jaundice and purpura. Biology showed an exacerbation of a previous anaemia with thrombocytopenia and elevation of serum aminotransferase, consisting in the diagnosis of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, autoimmune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hepatitis. After 40 days of oral steroids (1.25 mg/Kg/day), cutaneous lesions, purpura and jaundice had completely resolved. Oral steroids were progressively diminished. The patient was seen after a two-year follow-up period without any skin lesions. Anaemia had improved and there was normal serum aminotransferase. CONCLUSION: Our patient presented a combination of four autoimmune diseases, i.e. pemphigus, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, autoimmune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hepatitis consisting in the diagnosis of type 11 multiple autoimmune syndrome.
