[Endobronchial metastases in extrapulmonary malignant tumors]. / Endobronhijalne metastaze vanplucnih malignih tumora.

Endobronchial metastases of extrapulmonary malignant tumors are very rare and they appear in 1-2% of all the pulmonary metastases cases. By their endoscopic presentation, they are similar to primary bronchogenic carcinoma. Eleven patients with endobronchial metastases were presented, 8 male and 3 female. The average age was 58.27 years (from 37 to 72 years). Primary renal carcinoma existed in 2 patients. The one was operated 5 years before the metastases appeared in bronchus, and the metastases in bronchial wall contributed to the discovery of primary tumor in the other patient. Endobronchial metastases appeared in 3 patients, 2 years after the surgery of malignant colonic or rectal tumor, and in fourth patient it appeared 5 years after the surgery. One female patient sustained mastectomy and the radiation therapy was performed 11 years before the bronchial metastases occurred and the other female patient had the disease revealed a year ago and the polytherapy was performed. In the female patient with non Hodgkin Lymphoma, the change in bronchus was revealed simultaneously as the primary disease. Endobronchial metastases appeared in 2 patients two years after the surgery of malignant melanoma. The disease diagnosis was set by clinical-radiological examination, by endoscopy and by the comparison of histopathologic finding of primary carcinoma and metastases.

[Personal experience in the treatment of tuberculosis in patients in war areas]. / Nasa iskustva u lecenju tuberkuloze kod obolelih sa ratnih podrucja.

In the four-year period (1991-1995), 96 tuberculosis patients from the war areas of former Yugoslavia were treated in the Clinic for Lung Diseases of Military Medical Academy, that makes 31% of total number of sick and treated for tuberculosis-309 (100%). In group I (patients from war areas) there were 45 cases of cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis (47%), 28 bilateral (29%), 16 pleurisy (16.7%) and 6 cases of extensive pulmonary tuberculosis (5.1%). Among 213 patients (100%) from group II (patients from FR Yugoslavia), 81 patients had cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis (38%), 49 patients had bilateral (23%), 33 patients had pleurisy (15.5%) and 6 patients had extensive pulmonary tuberculosis (2.8%). In group I the diagnosis was bacteriologically and/or histopathologically proved in 94.8% cases: by finding of acid-resistant bacilli in sputum and other biological materials in 69 patients (72%), by positive Löwenstein's cultures in 73 patients (76%) and by histopathological result of tuberculosis inflammation in 34 patients (35.4%). In group II tuberculosis was bacteriologically and/or histopathologically proved in 134 patients (63%) by acid-resistant bacilli in sputum and other biological materials, in 141 patient (66%) by positive Löwenstein's culture and in 71 patient by positive histopathological results. Pulmonary tuberculosis in war areas is characterized by greater frequency of severe clinical forms (cavernous, bilateral and extensive) and by high direct bacillarity.

[Pathophysiologic reactions in sheep to blast waves from detonation of aerosol explosives]. / Patofizioloske reakcije kod ovaca na udarni talas nastao detonacijom aerosolnog eksploziva.

In the controlled field experiments 18 sheep were exposed to the detonation of the aerosol explosive generating the blast wave necessary to produce death in 50% of cases. The time of death and characteristic damages on the predilection sites of some organs are interpreted as blast type injuries. General response of the body to blast wave was similar to the one produced by other etiological factors. A special characteristic of the experiment was the frequency and severity of pathologic changes on the internal organs of the chest and abdomen. According to the authors' opinion the severity and type of pathologic changes could be explained by effects of the complex blast wave generated by detonation of the aerosol explosives.

[Morphologic changes in the tissues and organs of sheep in blast injuries caused by detonation of aerosol explosives]. / Morfoloske promene u tkivima i organima ovaca kod blast povreda izazvanih detonacijom aerosolnog eksploziva.

The morphologic changes of the tissues and organs of sheep caused by effects of the overpressure wave due to the detonation of the aerosol explosive in the open air are analysed. The experiments were performed on 21 sheep of which 3 served as the control. All animals were autopsized and organ samples were taken for analysis. The most impressive pathologic changes were found in the upper respiratory ways and lungs in the form of massive haemorrhage, edema and emphysema as well as numerous and severe intraabdominal changes both of the air-containing and parenchymatous organs.

[Late detection of bronchogenic carcinoma]. / Problem kasnog otkrivanja bronhogenog karcinoma.

The retrospective analysis of 1781 patients with bronchogenous carcinoma treated at the Institute of Pulmonary Diseases of the Military Medical Academy within the period 1971-1980 is presented. In 86% cases the disease was discovered according to symptoms because of which the patients had consulted physicians. The time between the onset and the detection of the disease was more than 3 months in the majority of patients and more than 6 months in one third of the patients. In the largest number of patients the disease was detected late when chances for successful intervention were diminished. Only in one third of the patients the disease was localized. Aiming to early detection of bronchogenous carcinoma it is essential to have good knowledge of symptoms both by patients and primary care physicians.