ABSTRACT
This study aimed to identify risk factors for the prevalence of hock burn, a common disease of broiler chickens that influences the welfare and profitability of affected flocks, using hierarchical logistic regression analysis of routine flock management data. The study identified an association between hock burn and other diseases detected at slaughter and found that the management of flocks around the slaughter period was of particular importance for the control of hock burn, providing a rational basis for intervention.
Subject(s)
Animal Welfare , Chickens , Dermatitis/veterinary , Foot Diseases/veterinary , Poultry Diseases/pathology , Animal Husbandry/methods , Animals , Dermatitis/epidemiology , Dermatitis/pathology , Female , Floors and Floorcoverings , Foot Diseases/epidemiology , Foot Diseases/pathology , Logistic Models , Male , Poultry Diseases/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Endodontic treatment quality of different teeth groups was analysed according to computer tomography data. 1000 dental root canals of 521 teeth of 115 patients of different age groups were studied. The study results testified to low level of endodontic treatment quality. In 71.7% of cases instrumental processing and obturation of dental root canals were fulfilled inadequately. The most often mistake of endodontic treatment was insufficient root canals instrumental processing (62.8%).
Subject(s)
Dental Pulp Cavity/diagnostic imaging , Root Canal Therapy , Humans , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
A postal questionnaire was sent to the managers of 857 broiler farms in the UK to determine the prevalence and risk factors for wet litter. The response rate was 75 per cent. Wet litter was reported by 75 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval [CI] 71.3 to 78.3) of the respondents in at least one flock during the year 2001 and 56.1 per cent (95 per cent CI 52.0 to 60.0) of them reported that they had an outbreak of wet litter in their most recently reared flock. Wet litter occurred more often during the winter months and farms using side ventilation systems were at an increased risk (odds ratio 1.74; 95 per cent CI 1.09 to 2.76). A multivariable analysis was carried out using two different definitions of wet litter as outcome variables - all cases of wet litter, and cases of wet litter associated with disease. Consistent risk factors for both outcomes were coccidiosis, feed equipment failures and the availability of separate farm clothing for each house. Cases of wet litter associated with disease were reported by 33.7 per cent (95 per cent CI 28.8 to 39.1) of the managers in their last flock and were associated with the use of hand sanitisers and broiler houses with walls made of concrete.
Subject(s)
Animal Husbandry/methods , Chickens , Floors and Floorcoverings , Housing, Animal/standards , Poultry Diseases/epidemiology , Animals , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Facility Design and Construction , Hygiene , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Seasons , Surveys and Questionnaires , United KingdomABSTRACT
A procedure for processing the secret ballot results in medical research project contests is proposed to make a generalized adjustment of research projects and their rating scales. The computing efficacy of the procedure makes it applicable in operative contest service.
Subject(s)
Research Support as Topic/organization & administration , USSRSubject(s)
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/instrumentation , Respiratory Function Tests/instrumentation , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena , Algorithms , Chronic Disease , Expert Systems , Humans , Lung Diseases/classification , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung Diseases/physiopathology , Microcomputers , USSRABSTRACT
A study was made of the diagnostic potentialities of a histogram analysis of scintigraphic count distribution on myocardium scans using 201Tl in 9 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, 12 patients with coronary heart disease and 6 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Scans were recorded 10 min., 4 and 24 h after a single administration of 201Tl at rest in the front-forward, 45 degrees left forward oblique and left lateral projections. The heart area on a scan was marked by hand. Count distribution was represented by an intensity histogram. An array of 243 scans was processed independently by 2 operators of different professional skill. A man-machine classification procedure with algorithm teaching was implemented. The author showed a possibility of group distinction by scintillation count distribution in the heart area on myocardium scans using 201Tl, the distinguishing information being within the interval of 41-80% of maximum intensity in this area. Automatic marking of the heart area on a scan was found necessary to have an entirely automated system for distinguishing groups of examinees.
