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1.
J Helminthol ; 97: e88, 2023 Nov 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37974436

ABSTRACT

Molecular techniques are an alternative for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, produced by Strongyloides stercoralis. However, it is necessary to determine the best amplification target for the populations of this parasite present in a geographical area and standardize a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for its detection. The objectives of this work were the comparison of different PCR targets for molecular detection of S. stercoralis and the standardization of a PCR protocol for the selected target with the best diagnostic results. DNA extraction was performed from parasite larvae by saline precipitation. Three amplification targets of the genes encoding ribosomal RNA 18S (18S rDNA) and 5.8S (5.8S rDNA) and cytochrome oxidase 1 (COX1) of S. stercoralis were compared, and the PCR reaction conditions for the best target were standardized (concentration of reagents and template DNA, hybridization temperature, and number of cycles). The analytical sensitivity and specificity of the technique were determined. DNA extraction by saline precipitation made it possible to obtain DNA of high purity and integrity. The ideal target was the 5.8S rDNA, since the 18S rDNA yielded non-reproducible results and COX1 never amplified under any condition tested. The optimal conditions for the 5.8S rDNA-PCR were: 1.5 mM MgCl2, 100 µM dNTPs, 0.4 µM primers, and 0.75 U DNA polymerase, using 35 cycles and a hybridization temperature of 60 °C. The analytical sensitivity of the PCR was 1 attogram of DNA, and the specificity was 100%. Consequently, the 5.8S rDNA was shown to be highly sensitive and specific for the detection of S. stercoralis DNA.


Subject(s)
Strongyloides stercoralis , Strongyloidiasis , Animals , Strongyloides stercoralis/genetics , Strongyloidiasis/diagnosis , Strongyloidiasis/parasitology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Feces/parasitology
2.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 26(1): 30-34, 2010. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-570365

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los lipomas son los tumores subcutáneos de tejido blando más comunes, con una incidencia de 1 por cada 1.000 personas. Se presentan generalmente entre los 40 y 60 años de edad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una caracterización epidemiológica de los lipomas subcutáneos. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda computacional sobre la base de datos del Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Dipreca para localizar los pacientes operados con diagnóstico clínico de lipoma y luego se revisó el informe diferido de Anatomía Patológica. Resultados: La muestra estuvo conducida a 110 pacientes, correspondiendo 52% a sexo femenino. La edad de la muestra se concentró en un 65% entre los 40 y los 69 años. El 54% de los lipomas se localizaron en el tronco; de éstos destaca un 62% de localización en dorso, siendo la localización inguinal la menos frecuente. La biopsia diferida correspondió en un 72% de los casos a lipoma.


Introduction: Lipomas are the most common subcutaneous tumors of tender tissue, with an incidence of 1 in 1000 people. The greater incidence is between the ages of 40 and 60. The objective of this trial is to establish an epidemiologic description of subcutaneous lipomas. Methodology: A computational search of the Dipreca Hospital Surgery Department data base was carried out in order to locate patients diagnosed with lipomas that underwent surgery, and the correlation with pathology exams was reviewed. Results: 110 patients were studied, 52% women. 65% were between the ages of 40 and 69. 54% of the lipomas were located in the trunk, of which 62% were located in the back, being the groin the less affected area. Histopathology exams were conclusive of lipoma in 72% of cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Lipoma/surgery , Lipoma/epidemiology , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Age and Sex Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Chile/epidemiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Lipoma/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Time Factors
3.
Rev. Soc. Venez. Microbiol ; 28(1): 20-23, jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-631645

ABSTRACT

La zigomicosis es una infección grave en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar los casos de zigomicosis registrados en un período de 23 años en el hospital de referencia del estado Bolívar. Se realizó una investigación retrospectiva de las historias clínicas de pacientes en el hospital de referencia del estado Bolívar. Todos los pacientes a quienes se les realizó diagnóstico de zigomicosis por biopsia entre enero 1984 y enero 2007 fueron incluidos en este estudio. Se identificaron 6 casos de pacientes con zigomicosis. Todos los casos tuvieron como factor predisponente la diabetes mellitus. Tres casos correspondieron a la forma rinosinusal, de los cuales uno tuvo complicación cerebral y los otros 3 casos presentaron compromiso cutáneo. Hubo 2 casos de mortalidad. El tratamiento agresivo de la enfermedad localmente invasiva es importante para prevenir la diseminación rápida y fatal de esta micosis. Los pacientes con diabetes mellitus descompensada están en riesgo de desarrollarla.


Zygomycosis is a serious infection in immunocompromised patients. The purpose of this study was to present the zygomycosis cases registered during a 23 year period at the reference hospital in Bolivar State. A retrospective analysis of all the clinical case histories was done at the mentioned hospital in Bolivar State. All patients who were diagnosed with zygomycosis through a biopsy between January 1984 and January 2007 were included in the study. Six patients were identified with zygomycosis. All cases had diabetes mellitus as predisposing factor. Three cases corresponded to the rinosinusidal form, one of which had a cerebral complication, and the other 3 presented cutaneous compromise. There were 2 deaths. Aggressive treatment of the locally invasive disease is important to prevent a fast and fatal dissemination of this mycosis. Patients with uncompensated diabetes mellitus are under risk of developing it.

4.
Acta odontol. venez ; 46(4): 434-436, 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630045

ABSTRACT

La vitamina E (VE) es una vitamina liposoluble que actúa como antioxidante y ha sido asociada a tiempos prolongados de sangramiento en individuos sanos. El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la VE en el proceso de coagulación de personas sanas. Fueron incluidos en el estudio 211 individuos sanos sin historia de enfermedades que comprometieran la hemostasia y separados en dos grupos dependiendo de la ingesta o no de VE. Los datos epidemiológicos de cada paciente así como el tiempo de protrombina (PT) y el tiempo parcial de tromboplastina (PTT) fueron recolectados. Todos los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa estadístico SPSS versión 13.0 y las medias comparadas usando la prueba estadística t de student. 114 individuos consumian al menos 400mgrs diarios de VE por un lapso no menor de 3 meses (75 mujeres y 39 hombres, edad promedio de 53.82+1.7 años) y 97 individuos que no consumian VE (55 mujeres y 42 hombres, edad media de 54.29+1.9 años) fueron incluidos como grupo control. El grupo que consumía VE mostró valores de PT estadísticamente mayores que los controles (p=0.001) (14.3+0.23seg y 13.2+0.23seg respectivamente). Así mismo, los valores de PTT del grupo VE estuvieron estadísticamente por encima de los pacientes control (p<0.0001) (31.19+0.33seg y 28.69+0.18seg respectivamente). El presente estudio sugiere que el consumo contínuo de VE podría alterar los valores de PT y PTT en individuos sanos y por tal razón modificar el proceso de coagulación normal


Vitamin E (VE) is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts as an antioxidant and it has been associated to prolonged bleeding in healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of VE in haemostasis. 211 healthy individuals were included and separated into groups depending on the VE ingest. Epidemiological data, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) were collected. Data was analysed using SPSS 13.0 and means compared by t student test. 114 individuals consuming VE regularly (75 women and 39 men, mean age 53.82+1.7 years) and 97 controls (55 women and 42 men, mean age 54.29+1.9 years) were evaluated. VE group showed PT values significantly higher (p=0.001) than controls (14.3+0.23sec and 13.2+0.23sec respectively), as well as statically augmented PTT times (p<0.0001) (31.19+0.33sec 28.69+0.18sec respectively). VE may alter PT and PTT values in healthy people and therefore modifies haemostasis


Subject(s)
Female , Blood Coagulation , Blood Coagulation Tests , Hemostasis , Vitamin E/adverse effects , Dentistry
5.
Acimed (Impr.) ; 16(5)nov. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-486085

ABSTRACT

El siglo XXI impone al bibliotecario grandes retos como consecuencia del desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y la incorporación a diversos escenarios donde la información asume formas que van más allá de los productos y servicios tradicionales de una biblioteca. Se realiza una panorámica de los cambios que han marcado el tránsito hacia un paradigma diferente para la actividad científica-informativa. Se analiza la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas capacidades y conocimientos entre los bibliotecarios como parte de un proceso de alfabetización informacional. Se establecen las diferencias entre el modelo del bibliotecario tradicional y el modelo del bibliotecario gestor. Asimismo se describen algunas de las competencias profesionales que deben desarrollar los bibliotecarios para asumir las nuevas funciones que le impone la sociedad de la información.


The XXI Century faces librarians with great challenges, as a consequence of the development of new technologies and their incorporation to different scenarios where information takes forms beyond the traditional products and services of a library. The changes that have characterized the transit towards a different paradigm for the scientific information activity are approached. An analysis is made of the need of developing new abilities and knowledge among librarians, as part of a process of informational literacy. The differences between the traditional librarian model and the model of the management librarian are stated, and some of the professional competences librarians should develop to deal with the new functions imposed to them by the information society are established.


Subject(s)
Librarians , Professional Competence
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