ABSTRACT
Data on allelotyping of minisatellite sequence within the Hras1 protooncogene locus in 60 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) are presented. Allele distribution was analyzed with respect to the effect of tobacco smoke carcinogens (smoking factor). Results were compared with the analogous data obtained for patients with squamous-cell-carcinoma and for individuals without cancer. In contrast to the patients with squamous cell-carcinoma, the frequency of the Hras1 locus rare alleles in patients with lung-adenocarcinoma was higher than in individuals without cancer. More striking difference between the latter groups was demonstrated for nonsmoking patients (17.6% versus 2.7% of healthy individuals, P = 0.0005). In smoking LAC patients, higher frequencies of the common a4 allele (2.5 kb in size under the MspI/HpaII digestion) were found. Our findings point to the combined effect of endogenous and exogenous factors on the development of lung adenocarcinomas in humans. In this work, we discuss the possible mechanism of association between the rare minisatellite alleles and the predisposition to lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Alleles , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Minisatellite Repeats/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics , Humans , Plants, Toxic , Risk Factors , Smoking/adverse effects , NicotianaABSTRACT
The results of case-control study of skin melanoma carried out in Moscow are presented. They point to considerable influence of endogenous factors on the relative risk of melanoma. The risk of melanoma is increased by such factors as light color of the skin, presence of freckles and moles. Exposure to UV-radiation raised the risk of melanoma, however, after relevant adjustment for the said factors relative risk was reduced. Consumption of greens and high blood levels of alpha-tocopherol significantly decreased the risk of melanoma. Female users of oral contraceptives had significantly lower risk of skin melanoma.
Subject(s)
Melanoma/etiology , Skin Neoplasms/etiology , Body Constitution , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Melanoma/blood , Melanoma/epidemiology , Moscow/epidemiology , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Risk Factors , Skin Neoplasms/blood , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Skin Pigmentation , Sunlight/adverse effects , Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Neoplasms/chemically induced , Nitrates/toxicity , Nitrites/toxicity , Nitrosourea Compounds/toxicity , Case-Control Studies , Global Health , Humans , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasms/metabolism , Nitrates/metabolism , Nitrites/metabolism , Nitrosourea Compounds/pharmacokinetics , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Saliva/metabolismABSTRACT
Preliminary data on the functional riboflavin deficiency in patients with malignant skin melanoma are discussed. In 50% of 36 patients with skin melanoma the glutathione reductase activation coefficient was higher than 1.21 and in 28% of the patients--above 1.31. Oral administration of high doses of riboflavin normalized the riboflavin status.
