ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the potency of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) to the blood glucose level, amount of lymphocytes, and the expression of antibody anti-Candida in oral candidiasis diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: K1 normal-control group, while K2, P1, P2, and P3 were diabetes induced by streptozotocin 50 mg/kg body weight. Oral candidiasis was induced by inoculation 0.1 mL Candida albicans ATCC 10321 on dorsum of the tongue. P1 was given nystatin oral suspension, P2 was treated by HBOT 2.4 ATA, 3 × 30 minutes each with a 5-minute interval, and P3 was treated by the combination of nystatin and HBOT. All the treatments were performed for 5 consecutive days. Fasting blood glucose level was examined on glucometer strips, lymphocyte was examined from complete blood count, and the expression of antibody anti-Candida was examined on immunohistochemistry staining STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference test with the result of p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically signiï¬cant. RESULTS: HBOT reduced blood glucose level (p > 0.05) increased the amount of lymphocyte (p < 0.05). All treatments reduced the expression of antibody anti-Candida (p < 0.05) with the best result on combination of HBOT with nystatin. CONCLUSION: HBOT decreased the blood glucose level, increased the amount of lymphocytes, and reduced the expression of antibody anti-Candida in oral candidiasis diabetes mellitus.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze interaction between glycosaminoglycan-acemannan as a scaffold material and toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) receptor, which predicted the osteogenesis potency on alveolar bone healing (in silico analysis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Docking interaction between glycosaminoglycan-acemannan and TLR-2 receptor using the Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) program. The compounds of glycosaminoglycan-acemannan and TLR-2 receptor with the structure in the form of two- and three-dimensional images were analyzed, as well as the most stable structure. It was observed the interaction of the ligand on the cavity of the TLR-2 receptor structure. The energy required for the ligand and receptor interaction (Moldock score) was calculated with MPD program. RESULTS: The chemical structure shows that glycosaminoglycan-acemannan is capable binding to the TLR-2 receptor with hydrogen bonds and strong steric interaction. The docking results were detected for five cavities where the compound binds to the TLR-2 receptor. The Moldock score of the ligand on the CAS-LYS-LEU-ARG-LYS-ILE-MSE[A] ligand was -95,58 Kcal/mol, that of acemannan was -91,96 Kcal/mol, and for glycosaminoglycan -61,14 Kcal/mol. CONCLUSION: The compound of glycosaminoglycan-acemannan as a scaffold material is able to bind with a TLR-2 target receptor, which predicted osteogenesis activity on alveolar bone healing supported by in silico analysis.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, osteoclast numbers, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in periodontitis-induced diabetic rats MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study constituted an in vivo laboratory-based experiment incorporating a posttest only control group design. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of research subjects: a healthy group (K0), periodontitis-induced diabetic group (K1), and periodontitis-induced diabetic group treated with HBOT for 7 days (K2). After treatment, the subjects were sacrificed to determine the level of serum CRP by the ELISA method. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to check the level of OPG expression, while a histological analysis was undertaken to quantify the number of osteoclasts. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test on which a result of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: HBOT appreciably decreased serum CRP levels, significantly enhancing OPG expression in periodontitis-induced diabetic (p < 0.05) and decreasing the number of osteoclasts in -periodontitis-induced diabetic (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: HBOT reduced the serum CRP level, increased OPG expression, and decreased osteoclast numbers in periodontitis-induced diabetic rats.
