ABSTRACT
Enteric infections resulting from the consumption of contaminated drinking water, inadequate supply of water for personal hygiene, and poor sanitation take a heavy toll worldwide, and developing countries are the major sufferers. Consumption of microbiologically contaminated water leads to diseases such as amoebiasis, cholera, shigellosis, typhoid, and viral infections leading to gastroenteritis and hepatitis B. The present investigation deals with the development of effective method to capture and eliminate microbial contamination of water and improve the quality of water and thus decreasing the contaminated waterborne infections. Over the last decade, numerous biomedical applications have emerged for magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) specifically iron oxide nanoparticles. For the first time, we have explored functionalized cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) for capture and detection of pathogens. The captured bacterial were separated by using simple magnet. To begin with, the prepared NPs were confirmed for biocompatibility study and further used for their ability to detect the bacteria in solution. For this, standard bacterial concentrations were prepared and used to confirm the ability of these particles to capture and detect the bacteria. The effect of particle concentration, time, and pH has been studied, and the respective results have been discussed. It is observed that the presence of amine group on the surface of NPs shows nonspecific affinity and capability to capture Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The possible underlying mechanism is discussed in the present manuscript. Based upon this, the present material can be considered for large-scale bacteria capture in water purification application.
Subject(s)
Cobalt/chemistry , Escherichia coli , Ferric Compounds/chemistry , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Staphylococcus aureus , Water Microbiology , Water Purification/methodsABSTRACT
A one-pot, three-component, microwave assisted and conventional synthesis of new 3-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(substituted) thiazolidin-4-one (4a-n) was carried out by using N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent with high product yield. Among these synthesized compounds (4f, 4g, 4l and 4m) were found to be a broad spectrum molecule active against all bacterial and fungus strains tested, except fungus Aspergillus niger. Amongst the compounds (4g, 4l and 4m) were found to be more potent than respective standard drugs used in the experiment against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus flavus, respectively. All synthesized compounds were also tested for their cytotoxic activity against HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. This study shows that all compounds were non-cytotoxic in nature, and confirmed their antimicrobial specificity apart from any general cytotoxicity.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Microwaves , Thiazolidines/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/chemical synthesis , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Aspergillus flavus/drug effects , Aspergillus niger/drug effects , Candida albicans/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , HeLa Cells , Humans , MCF-7 Cells , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Structure-Activity Relationship , Thiazolidines/chemical synthesis , Thiazolidines/chemistryABSTRACT
It is the first report of the novel amalgamation of 1,2,3-triazoles, piperidines, thieno pyridine rings and evaluation of their antifungal activity. The synthesized compounds showed interesting moderate to good antifungal activity, wherein they were able to discriminate between the two species Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger of the same genus. In addition, the main highlight of this series is the sensitivity of the fungal strain Cryptococcus neoformans to the compounds having p-chlorobenzoyl (9h), methane sulfonyl (9i) and p-methylbenzene sulfonyl (9j) attached to the piperazine nitrogen.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Piperidines/pharmacology , Pyridines/pharmacology , Triazoles/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/chemical synthesis , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Aspergillus flavus/drug effects , Aspergillus niger/drug effects , Cryptococcus neoformans/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Piperidines/chemical synthesis , Piperidines/chemistry , Pyridines/chemical synthesis , Pyridines/chemistry , Structure-Activity Relationship , Triazoles/chemical synthesis , Triazoles/chemistryABSTRACT
It is the first report of 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidines derivatives, catalyzed by ZrOCl2. The mild reaction conditions, excellent yields in shorter reaction time and evasion of cumbersome workup procedures make this process economically lucrative for industrial application. The novelty and highlight of the present method is the promising antibacterial and antifungal activity shown by compounds (4a, 4b, 4e, 4f, 4h and 4l) compared to standard.
