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1.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 95(2): 57-63, feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-195327

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Elaborar y validar un cuestionario para evaluar los conocimientos sobre glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto (GPAA) en pacientes hispanohablantes. MÉTODOS: Planeamos un estudio observacional en adultos con diagnóstico definitivo de GPAA que recibieron atención médica ambulatoria de un instituto de referencia nacional en Perú. La formulación inicial se basó en revisión de la literatura y en la opinión de expertos. Efectuamos una prueba piloto sobre 60 pacientes. Luego clasificamos las preguntas y las ponderamos de acuerdo con el juicio de expertos. Administramos el cuestionario a 314 pacientes y realizamos la baremación en terciles. RESULTADOS: A partir de la búsqueda seleccionamos 72 ítems y diseñamos un cuestionario inicial de 20 preguntas, el cual fue sometido a la prueba piloto. Luego, seleccionamos 14 preguntas que fueron clasificadas en 3 dominios ponderados: factores de riesgo (10%), aspectos clínicos (36%) y tratamiento (54%). El cuestionario tiene una puntuación entre 0 (más bajo) y 100 puntos (más alto). La edad promedio de los pacientes a quienes se les administró el cuestionario fue 66 ± 13,7 años y la media de las puntuaciones obtenidas en las encuestas fue de 62,6 ± 14,1 puntos. Definimos 3 categorías de nivel de conocimientos: bajo (0 a 55 puntos), mediano (56 a 69 puntos) y alto (70 a 100 puntos). CONCLUSIONES: El cuestionario elaborado cuenta con evidencia de validez para evaluar el nivel de conocimientos de glaucoma en pacientes hispanohablantes peruanos con GPAA


OBJECTIVE: To design and validate a questionnaire on the knowledge of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in Spanish-speaking patients. METHODS: An observational study was conducted on adults with diagnosis of POAG and who received outpatient medical care in a national reference health care institute of Peru. The questionnaire was based on a literature review and expert judgment. A pilot study was carried out on 60 patients. The items were classified and weighted according to the expert judgment. The final questionnaire was completed by 314 patients and its overall score was scaled by tertiles. RESULTS: A total of 72 items were found by primary searching. The initial questionnaire was made up of 20 items, which was tested in a pilot study. A total of 14 items were selected that were then classified into 3 weighted domains: risk factors (10%), clinical aspects (36%), and treatment (54%). The questionnaire has a score range from 0 to 100 points (lowest to highest level). In patients, the mean score was 62.6 ± 14.1. The overall score was classified into 3 categories of knowledge level: low (0 to 55 points), medium (56 to 69 points), and high (70 to 100 points). CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire provides evidence of validity to assess knowledge of POAG in Peruvian Spanish-speaking patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Glaucoma, Open-Angle , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cross-Sectional Studies , Language , Peru , Pilot Projects , Risk Factors
2.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 95(2): 57-63, 2020 Feb.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31892482

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To design and validate a questionnaire on the knowledge of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in Spanish-speaking patients. METHODS: An observational study was conducted on adults with diagnosis of POAG and who received outpatient medical care in a national reference health care institute of Peru. The questionnaire was based on a literature review and expert judgment. A pilot study was carried out on 60 patients. The items were classified and weighted according to the expert judgment. The final questionnaire was completed by 314 patients and its overall score was scaled by tertiles. RESULTS: A total of 72 items were found by primary searching. The initial questionnaire was made up of 20 items, which was tested in a pilot study. A total of 14 items were selected that were then classified into 3weighted domains: risk factors (10%), clinical aspects (36%), and treatment (54%). The questionnaire has a score range from 0 to 100 points (lowest to highest level). In patients, the mean score was 62.6±14.1. The overall score was classified into 3categories of knowledge level: low (0 to 55 points), medium (56 to 69 points), and high (70 to 100 points). CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire provides evidence of validity to assess knowledge of POAG in Peruvian Spanish-speaking patients.


Subject(s)
Glaucoma, Open-Angle , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Language , Male , Peru , Pilot Projects , Risk Factors
3.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 94(3): 145-148, mar. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-178318

ABSTRACT

Paciente varón de 18 años el cual presentaba lesión en el ojo izquierdo por arma de fuego. Permaneció inconsciente 2 días en una zona agrícola, luego fue llevado a un hospital local donde se le extrajeron larvas. En el ojo izquierdo presentó una agudeza visual de no percepción de luz, heridas con pérdida de sustancia en los párpados superior e inferior, atalamia, hipotonía, edema corneal, herida con exposición uveal y salida de larvas en zona II. Se le practicó evisceración del ojo izquierdo


An 18 year-old male patient presented with an injury to the left eye caused by a firearm. He remained unconscious for 2 days in an agricultural area, had a visual acuity of non-perception of light, wounds with loss of substance in upper and lower eyelid, atalamia, hypotonia, corneal oedema, wound with uveal exposure and exit of larvae in zone II. He was subjected to evisceration of the left eye


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Myiasis/diagnosis , Myiasis/drug therapy , Eye Injuries/complications , Eye Evisceration/methods , Eye Injuries/parasitology , Risk Factors , Visual Acuity , Orbit/diagnostic imaging , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Atropine/administration & dosage , Ketorolac/administration & dosage , Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Clindamycin/administration & dosage , Oxytetracycline/administration & dosage
4.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 94(3): 145-148, 2019 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30337097

ABSTRACT

CLINICAL CASE: An 18 year-old male patient presented with an injury to the left eye caused by a firearm. He remained unconscious for 2 days in an agricultural area, had a visual acuity of non-perception of light, wounds with loss of substance in upper and lower eyelid, atalamia, hypotonia, corneal oedema, wound with uveal exposure and exit of larvae in zone II. He was subjected to evisceration of the left eye. DISCUSSION: An untreated open ocular traumatism is a risk factor for intraocular ophthalmomyiasis.


Subject(s)
Eye Infections, Parasitic/etiology , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/complications , Myiasis/etiology , Wounds, Gunshot/complications , Adolescent , Animals , Humans , Larva , Male , Simuliidae
5.
Rev. méd. panacea ; 3(3): 68-71, sept.-dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-982918

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir las características clínico epidemiológicas de la Toxoplasmosis ocular activa, enpacientes del Servicio de Úvea del Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología (INO), desde el 2003 hasta el 2007. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en el que se utilizaron 1498 historiasclínicas de pacientes del servicio de Úvea del Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología desde enero del 2003hasta octubre del 2007. Se obtuvieron 210 historias con diagnóstico de Toxoplasmosis ocular, siendo excluidos del estudio 109 pacientes por presentar: 16 IgG toxoplasma negativo, 46 sin coriorretinitis exudativa activa, 45 sin IgG toxoplasma y dos con opacidad vítrea intensa. La ceguera legal fue definida como la mejor agudeza visual corregida en el ojo afectado, menor o igual a 20/200. Se utilizaron comovariables: la edad, sexo, lugar de nacimiento y procedencia, características clínicas, tiempo de seguimiento, tiempo de inactivación de la lesión, complicaciones y agudeza visual final. Resultados: De 99 pacientes(102 ojos), el 55,56% fueron del sexo masculino. El grupo etario mayormente comprometido fueel de 21-30 años (31,31%). El 96,97% presentó lesión unilateral. La localización más frecuente fue la perifé-rica (61,90%). La complicación más frecuente: lesiones maculares (23,53%). El 7,07% de pacientes fue VIH(+), sin diferencias en la presentación clínica con respecto a los otros pacientes. Conclusiones: Lafrecuencia de Toxoplasmosis Ocular fue de 14,02%, inferior a los reportes mundiales (22,5%), lapresentación clínica-epidemiológica fue similar a la descrita en la literatura, mayormente en nacidos enel interior del país, en la tercera década de la vida, afección ocular unilateral y localización periférica de lalesión retinal. (AU)


Objective: To describe clinical - epidemiological characteristics of the ocular active toxoplasmosis, in patients of Uvea's Service of the National Institute of Ophthalmology, from 2003 to 2007. Materials and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study, which used 1498 patient records Uveal Service National Eye Institute from January 2003 to October 2007 as an information source. Were 210 patients obtained with diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis. Were 109 patients excluded: 16 IgG toxoplasma negative, 46 without exudative chorioretinitis activate, 45 without IgG toxoplasma, 02 with intense vitreous opacity. Legal blindness was definite to the best visual keenness corrected in the affected, minor eye or like 20/200. Variables were used as age, sex, place of birth and origin, clinical characteristics, time of follow-up, time of unactivation of the injury, complications and visual final keenness. Results: From 99 patients (102 eyes), 55.56 %. The age group mainly damaged was from 21 to 30 years old (31.31 %). 96.97 % showed unilateral injury. The most frequent location: peripheral (61.90 %).The most frequent complication: cataract (8.82 %). 7.07 % were HIV (+), without differences in the clinical presentation regarding the other patients. Conclusions: The predominance of the ocular Toxoplasmosis was 14.02 %, lower than the world reports (22.5 %).The clinical - epidemiologic presentation was similar to that described in the documentation, where the unilateral ocular condition and the peripheral location of the retinal injury affected to those born inside the country (Lima-Callao), in the third decade of the life. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/epidemiology , Peru , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
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