Cancer Health Impact Program (CHIP): Identifying Social and Demographic Associations of mHealth Access and Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Brooklyn, New York, Residents.

BACKGROUND: The Bedford-Stuyvesant (BS) and Bushwick (BW) communities of central Brooklyn, New York, are located within the 50-mile core radius of Memorial Sloan Kettering's main catchment area. Cancer is the second leading cause of death among the predominantly African American and Hispanic neighborhoods, with BS and BW having higher prostate cancer and colorectal mortality rates than New York City as a whole. There is significant opportunity to design cancer interventions that leverage the accessibility and acceptability of mobile health (mHealth) tools among the BS and BW communities. METHODS: The Cancer Health Impact Program (CHIP) is a collaborative that was formed for this purpose. Through CHIP, we used a tablet-based, Health Information National Trends (HINTS)-based multimodality survey to collect and analyze social and demographic patterns of prostate cancer and colorectal cancer screening, as well as mHealth access, among BS and BW residents. RESULTS: Among 783 participants, 77% reported having a smartphone, 40% reported access to a mobile health application, 17% reported blood stool kit testing, and 26% of men reported PSA test screening. Multivariable logistic regression models results demonstrated that participants who reported owning smartphones, but were unsure whether they had access to a health app, were also significantly more likely to report blood stool kit testing compared with participants without smartphones. In fully adjusted models, access to a health app was not significantly associated with PSA testing. Non-Hispanic white participants were 86% less likely to report blood stool kit testing when compared with non-Hispanic black participants [OR = 0.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02-0.49]. Participants with a prior history of cancer were three times more likely to report blood stool kit testing when compared with those without cancer history (OR = 3.18; 95% CI, 1.55-6.63). CONCLUSIONS: For blood stool kit testing, significant differences were observed by race/ethnicity, cancer history, age, and smartphone use; for PSA screening, only age was significant in fully adjusted models. IMPACT: Our results demonstrate that while access to smartphones and mobile health apps may be prevalent among minority communities, other social and demographic characteristics are more likely to influence screening behaviors.

[Behavioral Medicine, Health Psychology and Psycho-oncology Puerto Rican Graduated Students Research Training Needs]. / Necesidades de Adiestramiento de Investigación en Medicina Conductual, Psicología de la Salud y Psico-oncología en Estudiantes Graduados en Puerto Rico.

In Puerto Rico, during the period 1990 to 2010, the incidence of all types of cancer had a statistically significant gradual increase of a rate of 0.3% per year. Similarly there was an increase in survival rates of 1% to 2%. This meant an increase in the demand for integrated services given its importance and its role in the survival process. Currently the treatment for the cancer condition is more specialized and complex. Hence, there is a great need to train qualified professionals to address the psychosocial needs of cancer patients and survivors. However, in Puerto Rico, training resources in psycho-oncology are scarce. A total of 113 graduate students participated in an online survey about research training needs. The results suggest that this is the first study in documenting these needs. The results demonstrate a high level of interest in clinical practice and research in psycho-oncology (80.2%, n = 81), but there is poor general knowledge and opportunities in specialized training (13.6%, n = 14) for students interested in the field of psycho-oncology. These results demonstrate the need to create new training opportunities in the area of psycho-oncology.