ABSTRACT
There has been recently a trend in declining mortality rates in all population groups. Higher birth rates and lower mortality have been responsible for a reduction in natural population loss in Moscow. At the same time, 14 of the 123 Moscow municipal districts show a positive natural population growth largely due to higher birth rates. Better social and economic living conditions, the effective activities of health care bodies and sanitary and epidemiological well-being services of the city have caused recent positive changes in the demographic situation.
Subject(s)
Health Status Indicators , Population Dynamics , Urban Health/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population/trends , Aged , Female , Humans , Life Expectancy , Male , Moscow , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
The ambient atmosphere of Moscow is appraised as unbeneficial to the health of the population, that of children and adolescents in particular. Motor transport is a powerful source of the ambient air pollution of Moscow. The average annual level of atmospheric pollution in 2008 is considered to be moderate. Scientific-and-practical studies using the risk assessment methodology also suggest that the ambient air in Moscow is the leading habitat posing a carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to Muscovites' health.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Health Status , Particulate Matter/adverse effects , Urban Population , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Environmental Illness/chemically induced , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Moscow/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultSubject(s)
Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Bifidobacterium/growth & development , Hygiene , Intestinal Diseases/epidemiology , Intestines/microbiology , Adolescent , Adult , Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Child , Female , Humans , Intestinal Diseases/prevention & control , Male , Morbidity , Pregnancy , Siberia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The Irkutsk province and the Republic of Buryatia which are a part of the Baikal Region (Siberia) were studied for environmental iodine balance. The water and local foodstuffs were found to show low iodine levels (they being 0.2 to 6.9 micrograms/l). In children, iodine deficiency was detected in 60-87% of the total number examined. There was a relationship between of the severity of neurological symptoms, the onset of thyroid diseases, general morbidity, physical development, iodine levels in the body. It is concluded that iodine deficiency has a great impact on the development of the regional pathology in children.
Subject(s)
Food Analysis , Iodine/analysis , Iodine/deficiency , Thyroid Diseases/epidemiology , Water Supply/analysis , Adolescent , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Hyperplasia , Infant , Male , Palpation , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Siberia , Thyroid Diseases/diagnosis , Thyroid Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Diseases/pathology , Thyroid Gland/pathology , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
It is shown that patients from dispensary follow-up groups II, III and VII who discharge M. Tuberculosis L-forms demonstrable after repeated (two) examinations are epidemiologically dangerous to surrounding people. Preventive measures in the families should be based on the duration of the contact with the carrier, social and household conditions, stability and frequency of L-forms isolation. Unstable L-forms are found reversible. In new cases of the above infection from the families at risk the disease runs with scarce symptoms, predominance of respiratory infiltration and solitary destructive lesions, slowly regressive inflammation.
