ABSTRACT
AIM: Detection of H. pylori in gastric mucosa, bile-excreting ducts, livertissue, and bile of patients with different disorders hepatobiliary system (HBS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-six patients (52 females and 24 males) with following diagnoses: chronic noncalculous cholecystitis (25 patients), gallstone disease (28), liver cirrhosis (12), ischemic heart disease (control group, n = 11), admitted to hospitals in Kazan and Zelenodolsk (Republic of Tatarstan), were examined. Mean age of the patients was 56.5 years. Samples of bile as well as tissues of liver, bile ducts and gastric mucosa were used as materials for tests. Polymerase chain reaction and culture method were used for H. pylori detection. RESULTS: Analysis of obtained results showed association of clinical diagnosis and presence of H. pylori DNA in bile ducts mucosal epithelium. H. pylori was significantly more frequently detected in epithelium of bile ducts mucosa (66.7 +/- 13.6%) and bile(56 +/- 9.9%) than in liver tissue (33.3 +/- 13.6%) (p < 0.05). Rate of H. pylori detection in gastric mucosa (83.3 +/- 10.8% in patients with liver cirrhosis) correlated with its detection rate in bile ducts mucosa (66.7 +/- 13.6%). In the control group of 11 patients with ischemic heart disease H. pylori was not detected. In 16 samples of liver, bile ducts, and gastric tissues CagA-negative phenotype was observed. CONCLUSION: Presence of H. pylori in liver, bile ducts and bile could point to possible role of its microorganism in pathogenesis of hepatobiliary diseases.
Subject(s)
Acalculous Cholecystitis/microbiology , Cholelithiasis/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Liver Cirrhosis/microbiology , Antigens, Bacterial/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bile/microbiology , Bile Ducts/microbiology , Chronic Disease , Colony Count, Microbial , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Female , Gastric Mucosa/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Helicobacter pylori/immunology , Humans , Liver/microbiology , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The aim of the present work was to study the involvement of protein synthesis in the reconsolidation of memory at different periods of time after training. In mice trained in a conditioned reflex freezing model, memory was reactivated by a reminder combined with administration of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The results showed that suppression of protein synthesis on reactivation of memory 3, 6, and 24 h and 14 and 30 days after training impaired acquired conditioned reflex freezing. These data provide evidence that memories retrieved by a reminder require protein-dependent reorganization at both short (3-6 h) and long (14-30 days) periods after training.
Subject(s)
Conditioning, Classical/physiology , Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic/physiology , Memory/physiology , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Behavior, Animal , Conditioning, Classical/drug effects , Cycloheximide/pharmacology , Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic/drug effects , Male , Memory/drug effects , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
We have studied the role of protein synthesis in reconsolidation of memory, activated by reminder at different time period after initial acquisition. Mice were trained in a single-trial fear conditioning task and then subjected to reminder, preceded by injection of protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. It was found that this procedure impaired later memory retrieval if applied at 3, 6 and 24 h as well as 14 and 30 days after initial training. This data suggests that reactivated memory is followed by protein synthesis-dependent reconsolidation both at short (3-6 h) and long (14-30 days) intervals after initial acquisition.
Subject(s)
Conditioning, Classical , Mental Recall , Protein Biosynthesis , Animals , Cycloheximide/administration & dosage , Fear , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects , Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Application of soft contact lens made of hi-hydrofiled polymeric material for patients with blepharospastic blindness makes it possible to remove or considerably diminish the corneal syndrome in slight and middle gravity burns. Most patients could be returned to their ranks and occupations.
