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1.
West Afr J Med ; 39(12): 1238-1244, 2022 Dec 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36580680

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to be more lethal in the elderly (>65 years), especially those with co-morbidities. This study examined the impact of the pandemic lockdown period on trends in elderly medical admissions and deaths. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study of elderly medical admissions and deaths in the medical wards of a Nigerian hospital. Data for the months of March, April, May, June, and July of 2020 was compared to the same months before (2019) and after (2021). Analysis was done using STATA version 15.0. RESULTS: During the study period, two hundred and seventy-six elderly patients were admitted, with a mean age (±SD) of 73.4 ± 7.4 years. The most common diagnoses at admission were chronic kidney disease (CKD) (26.85%, n=74) and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) (21.7%, n=60). The highest admission was in 2021, with a total of 99 (35.9%). Overall, 60 mortalities were recorded, with a proportional mortality rate of 21.7%, which was highest in 2020 (25.0%) and lowest in 2021 (17.1%). There was no difference between the mortality rates of 2019 versus 2020 (P=0.82) and 2020 versus 2021(P=0.18). Sepsis (35.0%) and CKD (25.0%) were the major contributors in 2019. CONCLUSION: CKD and HHD were the most common diagnoses at admission, whereas sepsis, CKD, and CVD were the commonest causes of death. The Covid-19 pandemic did not significantly alter the elderly admission pattern in our setting.


CONTEXTE: Il a été démontré que la maladie infectieuse à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) est plus mortelle chez les personnes âgées (>65 ans), en particulier celles qui présentent des comorbidités. Cette étude a examiné l'impact de la période de verrouillage pandémique sur les tendances des admissions médicales et des décès de personnes âgées. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective des admissions et des décès de personnes âgées dans les services médicaux d'un hôpital nigérian. Les données relatives aux personnes âgées pour les mois de mars, avril, mai, juin et juillet 2020 ont été comparées aux mêmes mois avant (2019) et après (2021). L'analyse a été réalisée à l'aide de STATA version 15.0. RÉSULTATS: Au cours de la période, deux cent soixante-seize patients âgés ont été admis, avec un âge moyen et un écart-type (ET) de 73,4 7,4 ans. Les diagnostics les plus fréquents à l'admission étaient l'insuffisance rénale chronique (IRC) (26,85 %, n=74) et la cardiopathie hypertensive (HHD) (21,7 %, n=60). Le nombre d'admissions le plus élevé a été enregistré en 2021, avec un total de 99 (35,9 %). Au total, 60 décès ont été enregistrés, avec un taux de mortalité proportionnel de 21,7 %, qui était le plus élevé en 2020 (25,0 %) et le plus faible en 2021 (17,1 %). Les preuves étaient insuffisantes pour montrer une différence entre les taux de mortalité de 2019 par rapport à 2020 (P=0,82) et de 2020 par rapport à 2021 (P=0,18). Le sepsis (35,0 %) et l'IRC (25,0 %) étaient les principaux facteurs de mortalité en 2019. CONCLUSION: L'IRC et l'HHD étaient les diagnostics les plus courants à l'admission, tandis que la septicémie, l'IRC et les MCV étaient les causes les plus fréquentes de décès. La pandémie de Covid-19 n'a pas modifié de manière significative le schéma d'admission des personnes âgées dans notre contexte. Mots clés: COVID-19, Personnes âgées, Mode d'admission, Mortalité.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Communicable Diseases , Sepsis , Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Retrospective Studies , Pandemics , Tertiary Care Centers , Nigeria/epidemiology , Cause of Death , COVID-19/epidemiology , Hospital Mortality , Communicable Disease Control
2.
Rev Sci Tech ; 28(3): 1111-8, 2009 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20462170

ABSTRACT

In this study, the authors evaluated parenteral treatment of zebu cattle, with naturally and experimentally induced bovine dermatophilosis, in western Sudan, using four different antibiotic treatments. In terms of recovery rate, weight gain, avoiding relapse and preventing death, gentamycin was found to be the most effective treatment, followed by a combination of penicillin and streptomycin and, finally, long-acting oxytetracycline. However, enrofloxacin was not successful. A significant improvement in the red blood cell count was noticed among cattle treated with penicillin-streptomycin (p = 0.021) and gentamycin (p = 0.029). All treated cattle, except those treated with enrofloxacin, showed a significant improvement in mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (p = 0.021); mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.021), and white blood cell count (p < 0.021). Significant improvements were observed among treated cattle in their total levels of protein, calcium (p = 0.021) and cholesterol (p < 0.05), when compared to untreated cattle infected with Dermatophilus congolensis. This study recommends gentamycin as a drug of choice for the parenteral treatment of dermatophilosis. Treatment was not only effective in early, mild cases but also useful among moderately and heavily affected cattle. According to the observations of the authors, when no intervention took place, the condition of moderately and heavily affected cattle deteriorated and/or resulted in death.


Subject(s)
Actinomycetales Infections/veterinary , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cattle Diseases/blood , Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Actinomycetales Infections/blood , Actinomycetales Infections/drug therapy , Animals , Blood Cell Count/veterinary , Blood Chemical Analysis/veterinary , Cattle , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Hematologic Tests/veterinary , Hemoglobins/analysis , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/veterinary , Sudan , Treatment Outcome
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