[The role of motivational factors in the health promotion training programs for the overweight subjects]. / Rol' motivatsionnykh faktorov v ozdorovitel'no-trenirovochnykh programmakh pri izbytochnoi masse tela.

BACKGROUND: The relevance of this ensues from the fact that despite the numerous currently available health promotion training programs for the reduction of body weight, there is still the need for the development of the new forms of the efficacious physical training programs and the methods of motivation for compliance with them among the people of different age, sex and social status. AIM: The objective of the present study was to determine the role of motivational factors, including the assessment of the biological age, in the improvement of the effectiveness of the health promotion training programs for the reduction of the excess body weight. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 82 students with overweight and first-degree obesity at the age from 17 to 21 years (average age 18.5±1.4 years) were examined. 42 girls included in the first (main) group spent 9 months performing health promotion training programs on an individual basis developed taking into consideration the motivational factors. The physical training programs included the aerobic exercise in the form of dance classes. 40 students in the control group were engaged in physical training envisaged by the academic curriculum of the university. The third group (the group of comparison) was comprised of 36 practically healthy girls having the normal body weight. We studied the components of the body composition with the use of bioimpedanceometry, evaluated the physical working capacity (the PWC-170 test) and the adaptive reserves of the body (heart rate variability test as proposed by R.M. Baevskyi, Garkavi test). In addition, the psycho-emotional status of the participants was estimated making use of the Lusher test and SAN. The biological age was determined by the original method based on the combination of the morphological and functional indices. RESULTS: The excess body weight in the students comprising group 1 was reduced by 10% on the average; simultaneously the physical working capacity among these students increased by an average of 24.5% while the level of emotional stability and self-esteem increased by 20% and 24%, respectively. We also documented a decrease in the initially increased biological age by 5 years on the average. The students included in group II did not experience any significant changes in the parameters of interest. CONCLUSION: The consideration of the motivational factors for the development of the training programs designed to promote the reduction of the excessive body weight significantly increases their effectiveness, as evidenced by the improvement of the morpho-functional and psychological characteristics in the students of the first group and its absence in their counterparts included in group II.

[Proteins of mouse spermatogenic cells. II. Age differences at individual stages of differentiation]. / Belki spermatogennykh kletok myshei. II. Vozrastnye razlichiia na otdel'nykh étapapkh differentsirovki.

The spermatogenic cells of the adult and young mice differ by the content of certain electrophoretic fractions of proteins and the activity of a number of enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate, sorbitol and pyruvate dehydrogenases). The expression of age differences changes in the process of differentiation. It is suggested that the differences found are of dual nature: they are due to both the "immaturity" of young animals and the age processes per se in adults; the role of the latter decreases as the differentiation proceeds.

[Stability and viability of spermatogenic cells after their separation and fractionation]. / Stabil'nost' i zhiznesposobnost' spermatogennykh kletok posle ikh vydeleniia i fraktsionirovaniia.

Spermatogenic cells isolated from seminiferous tubules by enzymatic treatment are very sensitive to the action of Triton X-100. The cells isolated by mechanical dissociation of spermatogenic epithelium are destroyed during storage. On the contrary, the cell separation by sedimentation velocity technique in human serum protein gradient leads to cell stabilization. As the result, the cells in collected fractions kept their living capacity and, what is more, their specific features.

[Proteins of mouse spermatogenic cells. I. Enzymatic activity and electrophoretic spectrum]. / Belki spermatogennykh kletok myshei. Soobshchenie I. Fermentativnaia aktivnost' i élektroforeticheskii spektr.

The proteins characteristic of the whole period of differentiation constitute the main bulk of soluble proteins in the spermatogenic cells. Their content and enzymatic activity are subject to marked changes during spermatogenesis. The activity of glycolysis and pentose cycle enzymes is jointly changed; the fluctuations of enzymes of pyruvate oxidation and Krebs-cycle are in antiphase. Sorbitol dehydrogenase suffers marked activation in the late spermiogenesis. This process is facultative and is not expressed in the cells of young animals. It is suggested that the level of sorbitol dehydrogenase may serve as an index of biochemical maturity of late spermatids.

[Properties of DNA-methylase reaction in isolated nuclei of normal and regenerating rat liver]. / Svoistva DNK-metilaznoi reaktsii v izolirovannykh iadrakh iz normal'noi i regeneriruiushchei pecheni krys.

Evidence from comparative determination of DNA radioactivity methylation degree of acidic extraction and chlorophormic deproteination of the samples suggest that the former technique is a more efficient one. The properties of the DNA-methylase reaction in isolated rat liver nuclei were studied. The DNA-methylase activity is found to be considerably stable during incubation of the nuclei at 37 degrees C; a broad pH-optimum in the alkaline region is observed (pH 8.6--9.8); this activity is inhibited by Mn2+, nucleotides, actynomycin and S-adenosyl methionine analogs and is activated by Mg2+; the incorporation of methyl groups into DNA is reversible. The data suggest that the DNA-methylase activities of the nuclei isolated at different stages of regeneration do not show substantial variations. No differences in DNA methylation before and after DNA synthesis in the regenerating nuclei were observed. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in the course of regeneration does not decrease the level of DNA methylation. The interrelationship between methylation and replication of DNA is discussed.