ABSTRACT
In article the existing lows and other legislation acts of state regulation in the field of medical maintenance of the works connected to destruction of toxic chemicals concerning to the chemical weapon is analysed. Features of carrying out of medical examinations and expertise of diseases at the soldiers and officers occupied on these works are submitted. The conclusion that the existing legislation acts allows to carry out qualitative medical service of the personnel of objects of storage and destruction of the chemical weapon, the military men occupied on works with toxic chemicals and the inhabitants living in sanitary-protective zones is made.
Subject(s)
Chemical Warfare , Delivery of Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Government Regulation , Hazardous Substances/toxicity , Military Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Military Personnel , Occupational Exposure , Humans , Male , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , RussiaABSTRACT
The paper analyzes the opinion of experts who determine the significance (weight) of the population's public health indices used for the integrated assessment of human health when sociomonitoring is made. The statistical assessments of the significance of the indices have been determined using the data obtained from the questioning of experts by the developed procedure. Conclusions on the practical use of the results of the performed study have been drawn.
Subject(s)
Models, Statistical , Public Health/standards , Humans , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The authors propose the system for evaluating health indices in the population of our country's region, which comprises groups of specific characteristics: demographic; environmental; environment-induced; overall morbidity (including socially induced); and socioeconomic. It has shown that the methods for analyzing a complex of the population's health indices should be aimed at having estimates of the efficiency of solution of practical problems in the maintenance of the population's health at a respective regional level. For their realization, an information analytical system of appropriate use should be developed; moreover, the results of processing the data with its use should be submitted for further analysis at the federal level.
Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Health Status Indicators , Population Surveillance/methods , Health Promotion , Humans , RussiaABSTRACT
A scheme is proposed to calculate the overall human health indices by the values of partial grouped parameters: demographic, environmental, environment-induced, total (including social) morbidity; socioeconomic and preset threshold levels of their qualitative assessment. This method has been used to estimate morbidity rates in 7 Saint Petersburg districts.
Subject(s)
Environmental Health/standards , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Environmental Illness/prevention & control , Health Status , Population Surveillance , Quality Assurance, Health Care/methods , Humans , Morbidity , Russia/epidemiologySubject(s)
Diagnostic Errors , Medical Errors , Acute Disease , Chronic Disease , Humans , Poisoning/diagnosisABSTRACT
The usage of laser correlation spectroscopy for verification of preclinical and clinical states is substantiated. Developed "semiotic" classifier for solving the problems of preclinical and clinical states is presented. The substantiation of biological algorithms as well as the mathematical support and software for the proposed classifier for the data of laser correlation spectroscopy of blood plasma are presented.
Subject(s)
Plasma , Spectrum Analysis/methods , Algorithms , Humans , LasersABSTRACT
The authors analyze data on patients diagnosed as having occupational disease in 1970-1995 and grouped according to age, sex, length of service, occupational hazards. Incidence of various syndromes in occupational diseases is calculated. The authors detail some items obscuring diagnosis of occupational diseases and necessitate referral to various professionals for precise and early diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Adult , Chronic Disease , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Risk Factors , Syndrome , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Having analyzed 274 accidents, the authors summarize accident definitions and stages of chemical accident, presents parameters of chemical risk, determine chemicals frequently involved into accidents, evaluate occurrence and severity of chemical disorders. The article outlines suggestions on accidents account in this country.
Subject(s)
Accidents, Occupational , Hazardous Substances/adverse effects , Rescue Work , Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control , Humans , Risk Factors , RussiaABSTRACT
Use of various psychophysiologic methods enabled to specify psychic response of workers exposed to chemicals and chronic poisoning patients. Chronic poisonings with 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, hydrocarbons, Trichlorfon, mercury, nitroesters have specific traits, and the patients could be grouped by means of cluster analysis. Handy techniques evaluating attention and memory could be recommended for everyday practical needs.
Subject(s)
Mental Disorders/chemically induced , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Adult , Attention , Cluster Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Memory , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/psychology , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/psychology , PsychophysiologyABSTRACT
The authors analyzed over 200 cases of acute poisoning with sarin, soman and VX chemical, determined risk of the poisoning in various conditions. The clinical manifestations of acute poisoning and the long-term effects are presented.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Chemical Warfare Agents/poisoning , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/poisoning , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/poisoning , Sarin/poisoning , Soman/poisoning , Acute Disease , Adult , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupations , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Long-term observation of workers engaged into production of VX chemical diagnosed slow progressing manifestation of chronic occupational poisoning with the chemical. The characteristic nervous, digestive, locomotory, visual and cardiovascular symptoms were revealed. The authors presented laboratory and instrumental data on the cases. As the treatment appeared ineffective, further adjustment and improvement of the therapy is required. The article demonstrated the main underlying metabolic disorders that could be addressed by the pathogenetic therapy.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Chemical Warfare Agents/poisoning , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/poisoning , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/poisoning , Adult , Chronic Disease , Humans , Middle Aged , Occupations , Time FactorsABSTRACT
LCS presents information on the size distribution of particles in analysed objects. LCS of blood plasma was performed in 26 patients with stomach bleedings, 19 with brain injuries, 13 with chronic hepatitis, 149 with chronic chlorophos intoxication and 45 healthy subjects. Spectra of blood plasma from patients with stomach bleeding differed significantly from those of healthy subjects. Spectra of blood plasma from patients with brain injuries differed from those of alcohol poisoning patients. The size distribution of particles in the blood plasma alcohol poisoning patients was similar to that of the patients with chronic hepatitis or chronic chlorophos intoxication perhaps because of liver function disturbances in all these cases. These results allow LCS to be offered as a diagnostic method.
Subject(s)
Alcoholic Intoxication/blood , Brain Injuries/blood , Lasers , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/blood , Peptic Ulcer/complications , Spectrum Analysis/methods , Trichlorfon/poisoning , Adult , Blood Donors , Chronic Disease , Female , Hepatitis/blood , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Peptic Ulcer/blood , Poisoning/bloodABSTRACT
The structure of Scientific Research Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Health includes the attributes of integrated principles installed by S.D. Zaugolnikov in 60-70s and conforms to the tasks of the integrated approach to investigations. The investigations in main fields as toxicology, hygiene and occupational pathology are carried out in conjunction with the auxiliary subdivisions such as laboratories of mathematical and physical modeling, ecology, pathomorphology ets.
Subject(s)
Academies and Institutes/organization & administration , Environmental Health , Environmental Pollution/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Health , Computer Simulation , Ecology , Humans , Interprofessional Relations , Models, Biological , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Research , RussiaABSTRACT
The authors describe the principles of noninvasive measurements of oxyhemoglobin content in the arterial blood by processing the signals obtained as a result of passing the light waves of the infrared (940 nm) and red (660 nm) wave bands through tissues. The data obtained with the first Russian pulse oximeter and with the hemoximeter were found to coincide. The diagnostic value of oximetry is discussed.
Subject(s)
Oxyhemoglobins/analysis , Arteries , Humans , Models, Biological , Oximetry , PlethysmographyABSTRACT
A photoelectric method was employed for examining excursion of peripheral arterial vessels (precapillaries) walls in the middle of the first phalanx of the forefinger of man. The magnitude of the mean amplitude of walls excursion was found to be equal to about 18.5 microns. It is concluded that the shape and amplitude of the curve obtained may serve the basis for estimating the tone of the precapillaries, the time of the volume increase/decrease, and the extent of vascular enlargement.
Subject(s)
Arteries/physiology , Fingers/blood supply , Oscillometry , Capillaries/physiology , Humans , Light , Models, Biological , Signal Processing, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
On the basis of the analysis of the sanitary and hygienic conditions, epidemiology of a mass disease, clinical picture of the disease during a 6-month trial period the problems of differentiated diagnosis of infectious and toxic processes, examination of capacity for work, the course of diseases were studied in 219 workers who had had legionellosis. The participation of various specialists in the analysis of analogous cases at the enterprises with chemical environmental contamination and developed systems of air conditioning was considered necessary.