ABSTRACT
The notions of "human capital" and "self-entrepreneurship" are by now widespread. The present work takes a critical look at their pervasive acceptance and stresses the self-exploitation to which they give rise. The concept of self-entrepreneurship needs to take into account, in fact, the nature of a revolution in temporal phenomenology. This revolution not only blurs the distinction between time dedicated to life and time dedicated to one's profession. It means that time spent on whatever is traditionally irrelevant to work is potentially time robbed from successful self-entrepreneurship. An analysis is made, lastly, of the relationship between body and "bio-labor", recognizable in the emergence of new forms of manual labor. Emblematic, in this sense, is gestational surrogacy. This provides an opportunity to rediscover the pregnancy of M. Foucault's biopolitical interpretation of neoliberalism as opposed to the more recent category of "psychopolitics" defined by B.C. Han. In the current scenario, indeed, the body maintains a role that remains as central as it is paradoxical, on account of its configuration as an "entrepreneurial resource"
Las nociones de "capital humano" y "auto-emprendimiento" actualmente tienen gran difusión. El presente trabajo revisa críticamente su aceptación generalizada y enfatiza la auto-explotación a la que dan lugar. El concepto de auto-emprendimiento debe tener en cuenta, de hecho, la naturaleza de una revolución fenomenológica de lo temporal. Esta revolución no solo oscurece la distinción entre el tiempo dedicado a la vida y aquel dedicado a la profesión. Significa, a su vez, que el tiempo que se gasta en lo que tradicionalmente es irrelevante para el trabajo es potencialmente sustraído al tiempo de un autoemprendimiento exitoso. Por último, se realiza un análisis de la relación entre el cuerpo y la "bio-labor", reconocible en el surgimiento de nuevas formas de trabajo manual. Emblemática, en este sentido, es la subrogación gestacional. Esto brinda la oportunidad de redescubrir el embarazo en la interpretación biopolítica del neoliberalismo de M. Foucault como oposición a la categoría más reciente de "psicopolítica" definida por B.C. Han. En el escenario actual, de hecho, el cuerpo mantiene un papel que permanece tanto central como paradójico, debido a su configuración como "recurso empresarial"
Subject(s)
Humans , Entrepreneurship , Global Health/ethics , Anthropology , Capitalism , PoliticsABSTRACT
The notions of â³human capitalâ³ and â³self-entrepreneurshipâ³ are by now widespread. The present work takes a critical look at their pervasive acceptance and stresses the self-exploitation to which they give rise. The concept of self-entrepreneurship needs to take into account, in fact, the nature of a revolution in temporal phenomenology. This revolution not only blurs the distinction between time dedicated to life and time dedicated to one's profession. It means that time spent on whatever is traditionally irrelevant to work is potentially time robbed from successful self-entrepreneurship. An analysis is made, lastly, of the relationship between body and â³bio-laborâ³, recognizable in the emergence of new forms of manual labor. Emblematic, in this sense, is gestational surrogacy. This provides an opportunity to rediscover the pregnancy of M. Foucault's biopolitical interpretation of neoliberalism as opposed to the more recent category of â³psychopoliticsâ³ defined by B.C. Han. In the current scenario, indeed, the body maintains a role that remains as central as it is paradoxical, on account of its configuration as an â³entrepreneurial resourceâ³.
Subject(s)
Entrepreneurship , Anthropology , Capitalism , Humans , Politics , TimeABSTRACT
This literature review focuses on the literature on disability from the ethical and human rights perspective in the light of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health in the period from January 1, 2008, to June 30, 2010. This article identifies and examines studies that deal with the subject of disability with reference to rights, ethical issues, and justice. A total of 42 articles and 33 books were selected. The subject most frequently dealt with in studies on disability is that of human rights (76% of the articles and 79% of the books examined), followed by topics relating to welfare (52% of articles and 64% of books), International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (38% of articles and 45% of books), justice (24% of articles and 48% of books), education (21% of articles and 61% of books), and work (19% of articles and 39% of books). The subject of disability is dealt with in various fields of study and various disciplines. Most of the studies are based on the legal approach. It is to be hoped that there will be an increase in the philosophical and ethical study of disability, which has only recently entered the European debate.
