ABSTRACT
The goal of this study was to assess the informative yield of modem radiology diagnostic (endorectal and intraoperative sonography, spiral computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and three-dimensional modeling methods in patients with rectal cancer. The effectiveness of postoperative immune-modulating therapy (Neovir and Betaleukin) was also evaluated. The aforementioned techniques contributed to an adequate preoperative selection of surgical treatment and allowed reducing the incidence of postoperative complications.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/therapy , Rectum/diagnostic imaging , Acridines/therapeutic use , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Computer Simulation , Endosonography , Female , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Immunomodulation , Interleukin-1/therapeutic use , Intraoperative Period , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Period , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Rectal Neoplasms/complications , Tomography, Spiral Computed , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
An investigation of the information value of modern radial methods of diagnostics (endorectal and intraoperative sonography, spiral computed and magnetic resonance imaging) and Power Shape program for three- dimensional modeling in 150 patients with rectum cancer has shown their significance in the assessment of prevalence of the tumor process, invasion of the tumor into the rectum wall, its spreading in the intestinal wall, involvement in the tumor process of the pararectal fat and adjacent to the rectum organs of the small pelvis, the presence of signs of metastases to the regional lymph nodes. These methods of X-ray analyses and three- dimensional computed modeling of the tumor process of the rectum facilitate preoperative decision on the adequate volume of surgery.
Subject(s)
Colectomy/methods , Endosonography/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
The results of treatment of 1,031 patients with carcinoma of the colon by surgery from 1929 to 1985 are analysed. Postoperative mortality reduced almost three-fold in the last decades and was 4% in 1984-85. From study of the late results the authors conclude that abidance by the principles of oncological radicality is important. The recognition of patients with preneoplastic diseases and their regular active medical examination allow the results of treatment of patients with carcinoma of the colon to be improved.
Subject(s)
Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Precancerous Conditions/surgery , Adult , Aged , Colectomy , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colonic Neoplasms/mortality , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications , Precancerous Conditions/diagnosisABSTRACT
The authors observed 21 patients after previous non-radical treatment in other medical institutions. The age of the patients was from 38 to 80. Radical operations were performed on all the patients during relaparotomies. The authors make a conclusion that choice of a rational surgical and curative tactics in colonic tumors was determined individually with special reference to the general state of the patient, careful assessment of the degree of local spread of the tumor. A dogmatic approach is thought to be inadmissible.
Subject(s)
Intestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diagnostic Errors , Female , Humans , Intestinal Neoplasms/therapy , Laparotomy , Male , Middle Aged , ReoperationABSTRACT
The report deals with a 15-year long experience gained by the clinical staff of the Institute in treating more than 3,500 patients with gastro-intestinal tumors. In recent years, the research conducted by the staff has been focused on further improvement procedures for malignant tumors of this localization. Both surgical procedures and methods of combination and complex therapy have been improved. For example, since 1967 all operations for rectal tumors have been performed by two teams of surgeons working simultaneously. Most perineal wounds have been closed by sutures and vacuum-drained. Extraperitonization of enterstomy is considered to be an indispensable component of colon resection procedure. Lienal angle and distal third of transverse colon are being used on a large scale in performing abdominoanal resections. The results of treatment of more than 250 patients have demonstrated the advantages of preoperative radiation therapy application for rectal tumors. Extensive use has been made of endolymphatic chemotherapy in cases of stomach neoplasms and regional endovascular chemotherapy for malignant rectal tumors.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Drug Therapy, Combination , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Lymph Node Excision , Lymphatic Metastasis , Medical Oncology/trends , Methods , Preoperative Care , Radiotherapy Dosage , ResearchABSTRACT
Extensive radical operations with the ablation of lymph nodes of the pelvis and lumbar region were fulfilled in 64 patients with rectum carcinoma. Prior to the operation all the patients were subjected to the inferior direct roentgen-contrast chromolymphography. High reliability of the negative conclusions of roentgen-contrast lymphography is shown. The positive results of the examination are less reliable. Twelve patients had histological evidence of metastases of the tumor in lymphatic nodes of the second and third stages of the lymphogenic spread of the carcinoma of the rectum. The extended volume makes the operation more radical.
