[The structure of extrusive organelles in alveolate and other heterotrophic flagellates].

The structure of ejective organelles (extrusomes) in 12 species of heterotrophic flagellates belonging to 8 taxonomic groups is considered. Trichocysts of various structures have been found in colpodellids, Spumella and Metromonas. Kinetocysts of amoeboid flagellates, thaumatomonads, contain a cylindrical element. These kinetocysts are attached to bacteria after discharge. When being discharged, trichocysts of colpodellids produce filaments which have transversal striation. Discobolocysts have been found in excavate flagellate Reclinomonas, and ejectisomes--in Goniomonas. Toxicysts have been marked in carnivorous alveolate flagellate Colponema. The most of studied extrusomes lie inside the cytoplasm, while exstrusomes in chrysomonad Spumella are also found inside the nucleus. Trichocysts of colpodellids and Metromonas as well as ejectisomes of Goniomonas are located near the branches of Golgi apparatus. The comparison of the data obtained confirms the hypothesis about the correlation of taxonomic position of flagellates and the structure of their extrusomes that allows in some cases using these features as phylogenetic markers.

[Hemostatic provision of surgical treatment of juvenile angiofibromas of the skull base in children].

For three years we operated sixty two 7-16-year-old children for angiofibroma of the base of the skull. To reduce the risk of massive intra- and postoperative bleeding, we used preoperative endovascular occlusion of the vessels carrying blood to the tumor. In addition to preventive administration of vicasol, ethamsilate, dicinon and transamine, we used highly effective hemostatic drugs tahocomb and novo-seven intraoperatively in case of massive blood loss. Neither lethal outcomes nor complications occurred in children during removal of angiofibromas of the base of the skull.

[Use of x-ray endovascular occlusion in combined treatment of juvenile angiofibroma of the skull base in children]. / Primenenie rentgenoéndovaskuliarnoi okkliuzii v kombinirovannom lechenii iunosheskikh angiofibrom osnovaniia cherepa u detei.

Of a total of 103 patients with juvenile angiofibroma of the base of the skull surgical treatment was given to 98 children. 10 operations were performed after preoperative roentgeno-endovascular occlusion (REO) of the tumor afferent vessels. Such occlusion in the region of a maxillaris was a sufficient measure to warrant a 2-fold reduction in the intraoperative blood loss and was achieved with hydrogel spheres and cylinders 0.4-0.6 mm in diameter. 4 days are an optimal time for operative intervention after the REO. The nasomaxillary approach was used in most cases preceded by diagnostic carotid angiography in the frontal and lateral views. No complications arose due either to the angiography or REO. The latter was found beneficial when performed prior to surgical intervention for juvenile angiofibroma of the base of the skull.