[The ethical and legal aspects of professional activities of obstetrician-gynecologist].

The article demonstrates that both highly developed bioethical consciousness and legal awareness and high level of bioethical and legal culture among obstetrician-gynecologists are important factors of enhancement of medical care quality. This postulate is discussed on the example of issues related to the induced abortion. The approaches to this issues applied in various countries are considered.

[The role of ultrasonic scanning in optimizing the therapy of gestational pyelonephritis]. / Rol' ul'trazvukovogo skanirovaniia v optimizatsii terapii gestatsionnogo pielonefrita.

Urinary tracts were examined by ultrasonic scanning (US) of the kidneys in 130 patients with gestational pyelonephritis. The scanning provided a rapid diagnosis of parenchymal and paranephric fat lesions, of urinary tract occlusion, location of concrements, congenital and acquired renal defects, abscesses, carbuncles. The follow-up US controls the inflammation, permitting differential treatment under reduced exposure to x-rays and radionuclides.

[The ultrasonic antenatal diagnosis of rarely encountered tumors in fetuses and the procedure for managing the pregnancy and labor]. / Ul'trazvukovaia antenatal'naia diagnostika redko vstrechaemykh opukholei u plodov i taktika vedeniia beremennosti i rodov.

Ultrasonic examinations of 3000 pregnant women revealed congenital developmental defects in 22 (0.7%) fetuses: in 4 cases tumors of various sites were detected and in 2 cases the tumors were found in one of the twins. Pathologic and histologic examinations carried out after delivery revealed a sacrococcygeal teratoma and a retroperitoneal dermoid cyst in one fetus, a ganglioneuroma of the retroperitoneal space, located between the bladder and rectum, an intrapericardial teratoblastoma, and a cystic cervical lymphangioma. The latter three tumors were responsible for nonimmune fetal edema. In one case an abortion was induced at pregnancy term of 22 weeks. Three fetuses died after deliveries in various terms. Based on his own experience and the literature data, the author suggests recommendations on the policy of following up the pregnancy and labor in various periods of gestation with different number of fetuses with due consideration for the tumor size and the fetal state, as well as on the possible correction after birth.

[Problem of infection in fetuses and newborn infants]. / K voprosu infektsii ploda i novorozhdennogo.

Overall 76 histories of births, case reports of neonates and protocols of autopsies of the dead because of infection were analyzed. It has been established that the overwhelming majority of the children had contracted infection antenatally or during birth, with the ascending pathway of infection being predominant. Attention is drawn to the clinical and postnatal diagnosis with the aid of the screening tests.