ABSTRACT
Hybrid lipid‒nanoparticle complexes have shown attractive characteristics as drug carriers due to their integrated advantages from liposomes and nanoparticles. Here we developed a kind of lipid-small molecule hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) for imaging and treatment in an orthotopic glioma model. LPHNPs were prepared by engineering the co-assembly of lipids and an amphiphilic pheophorbide a‒quinolinium conjugate (PQC), a mitochondria-targeting small molecule. Compared with the pure nanofiber self-assembled by PQC, LPHNPs not only preserve the comparable antiproliferative potency, but also possess a spherical nanostructure that allows the PQC molecules to be administrated through intravenous injection. Also, this co-assembly remarkably improved the drug-loading capacity and formulation stability against the physical encapsulation using conventional liposomes. By integrating the advantages from liposome and PQC molecule, LPHNPs have minimal system toxicity, enhanced potency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and visualization capacities of drug biodistribution and tumor imaging. The hybrid nanoparticle demonstrates excellent curative effects to significantly prolong the survival of mice with the orthotopic glioma. The unique co-assembly of lipid and small molecule provides new potential for constructing new liposome-derived nanoformulations and improving cancer treatment.
ABSTRACT
AIM: The relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is well established. It has been shown that advanced glycation end-products might exert noxious effects on several tissues of the body through its receptor. Evidence for the role of receptors of advanced glycation end-products in periodontal disease for diabetes is limited, and their presence in human gingival tissues has been demonstrated in few studies. In this study, we demonstrate the presence of receptors of advanced glycation end-products in patients with chronic periodontitis, with and without type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Gingival biopsies from 19 patients with both type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, and 18 healthy controls with chronic periodontitis, were immunohistochemically stained for receptors of advanced glycation end-products. RESULTS: On immunohistochemical analysis, positive staining for receptors of advanced glycation end-products was seen in the endothelium and the basal and spinous layers of the inflamed gingival epithelium in both type 2 diabetes and non-diabetes tissue, with a statistically-significant difference between both groups (P <0 .05). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant difference in receptors of advanced glycation end-product immune reactivity between both groups. Receptors of advanced glycation end-product increase in type 2 diabetes gingival tissue might indicate possible involvement of this receptor in periodontal destruction in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
