ABSTRACT
Social interactions are a crucial aspect of human behaviour. Numerous neurophysiological studies have focused on socio-cognitive processes associated with the so-called theory of mind-the ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others. Theory of mind is closely related to social intelligence defined as a set of abilities that facilitate effective social interactions. Social intelligence encompasses multiple theory of mind components and can be measured by the Four Factor Test of Social Intelligence (the Guilford-Sullivan test). However, it is unclear whether the differences in social intelligence are reflected in structural brain differences. During the experiment, 48 healthy right-handed individuals completed the Guilford-Sullivan test. T1-weighted structural MRI images were obtained for all participants. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed to reveal grey matter volume differences between the two groups (24 subjects in each)-with high social intelligence scores and with low social intelligence scores, respectively. Participants with high social intelligence scores had larger grey matter volumes of the bilateral caudate. The obtained results suggest the caudate nucleus involvement in the neural system of socio-cognitive processes, reflected by its structural characteristics.
Subject(s)
Cognition , Gray Matter , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Emotional Intelligence , Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Magnetic Resonance ImagingABSTRACT
A ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm is an urgent situation requiring emergency surgery during which it is necessary to decrease the scope of the intervention in a patient at an extremely high surgical risk. A combination of surgical and endovascular techniques makes it possible to minimize surgical injury, blood loss, to shorten the duration of internal organs ischaemia, to reduce the risk of paraplegia. Presented herein are the results of emergency hybrid intervention for a ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm, accompanied and followed by description of the technical aspects of performing the surgical and endovascular stages. The early postoperative period was complicated by thrombosis of the left superficial femoral artery on the background of atherosclerotic lesions, which was successfully eliminated by means of endovascular intervention with endovascular prosthetic repair. After 10 months, the patient underwent a cardiosurgical intervention. Combining surgical and endovascular techniques made it possible in an emergency situation to save the patient's life and to provide its good quality in the remote period of follow up (4 years after the hybrid operation).
Subject(s)
Aneurysm, Ruptured , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Endovascular Procedures , Postoperative Complications , Venous Thrombosis , Aneurysm, Ruptured/complications , Aneurysm, Ruptured/diagnosis , Aneurysm, Ruptured/physiopathology , Aneurysm, Ruptured/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/diagnosis , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/physiopathology , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery , Aortography/methods , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Endovascular Procedures/adverse effects , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Hematoma/diagnosis , Hematoma/etiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods , Operative Time , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Reoperation/methods , Risk Adjustment/methods , Stents , Treatment Outcome , Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis , Venous Thrombosis/etiology , Venous Thrombosis/surgeryABSTRACT
A multilevel aneurysmatic lesion of the aorta is a rare pathology. The authors describe herein a clinical case report regarding stage-wise treatment of a patient presenting with aneurysms of the thoracic and abdominal portions of the aorta and a haemodynamically significant lesion of coronary and carotid arteries. Strategy of surgical management was decided upon collegially. Successful endoprosthetic repair of the aneurysm of the thoracic portion of the aorta required closure of the left carotid artery with a graft, which, taking into consideration an existing occlusion of the right internal carotid artery, demanded preliminary carotid-subclavian bypass grafting. The clinical course of progressing angina pectoris (75% stenosis of the anterior descending artery with a poststenotic aneurysm) also increased the risk of the surgical stage. The authors provide a detailed description of the planning procedure, stages, and technical aspects of the operations performed. No complications were encountered. The duration of the follow up period amounted to 15 months. There was regression of the symptomatic manifestations, accompanied and followed by complete thrombosis of the aneurysmatic zones stented. A hybrid approach demonstrated efficacy and safety in staged treatment of complicated combined pathology of the aorta and its branches.
Subject(s)
Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic , Carotid Artery Diseases , Coronary Artery Disease , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Vascular Grafting/methods , Aged , Aorta/diagnostic imaging , Aorta/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/complications , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/diagnosis , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/physiopathology , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery , Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Arteries/surgery , Carotid Artery Diseases/complications , Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery Diseases/surgery , Computed Tomography Angiography/methods , Coronary Artery Disease/complications , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Artery Disease/surgery , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Vessels/surgery , Humans , Male , Risk Adjustment , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This work evaluates the diagnostic potential of color duplex scanning (CDS), as compared to contrast angiography, for visualization of the popliteotibial segment in patients with occlusive and stenotic lesions of lower extremity arteries. A total of 972 arterial segments were examined in 92 patients with combination of atherosclerosis obliterans and occlusion of the femoropopliteal segment and in 49 patients presenting with thromboangiitis obliterans and occlusion of the femorotibial or tibioplantar segments. The sensitivity of CDS for different segments of the femoropopliteal zone constitutes 75-96%, specificity 94-100%; the K index 0.82-0.89.
