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1.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 43(2): 379-381, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37996727

ABSTRACT

We investigate spontaneous reports of IIH related to fluoroquinolones recorded in the French national pharmacovigilance database in order to detect a possible pharmacovigilance signal. The association between IIH risk and fluoroquinolone exposure was assessed using a case/non-case study. Between 1985 and July 2023, 17 reports of IIH after fluoroquinolone exposure were recorded. No specific fluoroquinolone was predominant. IIH led to death in one case and blindness in one case. The Reporting Odds Ratio was 2.58 (95% confidence interval 1.59-4.19). We highlight statistically significant disproportionality, which constitutes a pharmacovigilance signal. IIH risk after fluoroquinolone exposure is a class effect.


Subject(s)
Pseudotumor Cerebri , Humans , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Fluoroquinolones/adverse effects , Pharmacovigilance , Databases, Factual
2.
Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol ; 47(7): 102148, 2023 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37244588

ABSTRACT

As the loss of HBsAg during treatment of chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) is mandatory for definitive clearance and durable response, the optimal target of therapy should be complete response (CR), defined as loss of HDV RNA and HBsAg, plus development of anti-HBs. The optimal treatment duration of CHD is not well established. We present 2 cases of patients with CHD cirrhosis who were treated with prolonged Peg-IFNα-2a + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate until HBsAg loss, and who achieved CR after 46 and 55 months of treatment respectively. A personalized approach and prolonged treatment duration determined by HBsAg loss may increase the likelihood of CR in CHD.


Subject(s)
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Hepatitis D, Chronic , Humans , Tenofovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Duration of Therapy , Treatment Outcome , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy , Hepatitis, Chronic , Hepatitis D, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis D, Chronic/drug therapy , Hepatitis B virus/genetics , Hepatitis B e Antigens , DNA, Viral
3.
J Neurovirol ; 28(4-6): 619-621, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36194360

ABSTRACT

We report an acute Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced meningo-cerebellitis in an immunocompetent adult patient. CVB3 has a global distribution and is the most common Enteroviruses cause of myocarditis and sudden cardiac death. To our knowledge, CVB3 is exceedingly rare as causes of meningo-encephalitis in immunocompetent adults, whereas some cases have been reported in neonates due to perinatal acquired infections or in immunocompromised patients.


Subject(s)
Coxsackievirus Infections , Enterovirus Infections , Enterovirus , Myocarditis , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Adult , Coxsackievirus Infections/diagnosis , Enterovirus B, Human/genetics , Myocarditis/drug therapy
4.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 40(5): 1091-1095, 2021 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33237460

ABSTRACT

No data concerning antiretroviral drug's (ARV) primary resistance mutation rates in Chad are available. We retrospectively analysed frozen-stored dried blood spot samples that were collected from 48 Chadian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 seropositive patients naïve of ARV. HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase genes were successfully sequenced for 24 (60.0%) of the 40 patients displaying a viral load > 1000 copies/ml. Seven (29.2%) displayed mutations conferring resistance against one or more classes of ARV. We evidenced high levels of primary ARV resistance mutations in Chad, but lower than those observed in patients with failure to first-line ARV.


Subject(s)
Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance, Viral , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/virology , HIV-1/drug effects , Adolescent , Adult , Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology , Chad/epidemiology , Female , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Viral Load , Young Adult
5.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 11947, 2020 07 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32686697

ABSTRACT

Major 5'terminally deleted (5'TD) group-B enterovirus (EV-B) populations were identified in heart biopsies of patients with fulminant myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy suggesting that these 5'TD forms are key drivers of host-cell interaction in EV cardiac infections. To date, early emergence of EV-B 5'TD forms and its impact on type 1 IFN response during acute myocarditis remains unknown. Using quantitative RACE-PCR assay, we identified major EV-B 5'TD RNA populations in plasma or heart samples of acute myocarditis cases. Deletions identified within the 5' non-coding region of EV-B populations only affected secondary-structural elements of genomic RNA domain I and were distinguished in two major groups based on the extent of RNA structural deletions. Proportions of these two respective EV-B 5'TD population groups were positively or negatively correlated with IFN-ß levels in plasma samples of myocarditis patients. Transfection of synthetic CVB3/28 RNAs harboring various 5'terminal full-length or deleted sequences into human cultured cardiomyocytes demonstrated that viral genomic RNA domain I possessed essential immunomodulatory secondary-structural elements responsible for IFN-ß pathway induction. Overall, our results highlight the early emergence of major EVB-TD populations which deletions affecting secondary-structures of RNA domain I can modulate innate immune sensing mechanisms in cardiomyocytes of patients with acute myocarditis.


Subject(s)
5' Untranslated Regions , Enterovirus/genetics , Interferon Type I/metabolism , Myocarditis/metabolism , Myocarditis/virology , RNA, Viral , Cell Line , Cells, Cultured , Enterovirus/classification , Enterovirus Infections/complications , Enterovirus Infections/virology , Female , Genome, Viral , Humans , Male , Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism , Myocytes, Cardiac/virology , Nucleic Acid Conformation , Sequence Deletion
6.
J Med Microbiol ; 67(4): 579-584, 2018 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29458548

ABSTRACT

Pasteurella multocida is rarely observed in human chronic infections. A Pasteurella multocida strain was isolated from a skin biopsy of chronic dermohypodermitis in a 21-year-old woman without an immunocompromised state. As this strain was viable one month after a cat scratch despite treatment by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, we compared this strain's growth rate, amoxicillin Minimal Inhibitory and Bactericidal Concentrations (MIC and MBC), resistance to serum and ability to activate neutrophil granulocytes with those of control strains isolated during acute infections in humans without previous antibiotics exposure. This particular strain was not more resistant to serum and did not induce a lower phagocytic activity than control strains. It did not grow more slowly than control strains even after suboptimal exposure to amoxicillin. This particular strain was tolerant to amoxicillin but tolerance did not appear sufficient alone for the induction of a chronic infection in a host without an immunocompromised state.

9.
Rev Med Interne ; 38(1): 8-16, 2017 Jan.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27623330

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: We assessed (i) the frequency of consultations for faintness in the Emergency department (ED) of a University hospital centre (UHC), (ii) clinical epidemiology and (iii) cost of faintness, taking a particular interest into the determining risk factors for hospitalization. METHODS: This epidemiological study has been conducted retrospectively, from data obtained for every patient having consulted for faintness in ED of Reims UHC (01/01/12-03/31/12). Every medical record was classified as syncope/lipothymia/brief consciousness loss on one hand and as syncope according to the definition of the French Health High Authority (FHHA). RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-one patients out of 5953 (5.7%) were referred for faintness during the study period. Medical records were analysed for 296 patients. Sixty-two point eight percent were women, with a median age of 43years. Physical examination was normal for 57% of patients. For 48% of cases, there was no complete consciousness loss thus corresponding to lipothymia, which is not taken into account by the FHHA definition. Median length of stay in the ED was 4hours and 67 patients (22.6%) were hospitalized. Minimal estimated cost was 280,000 euros. Risk factors independently associated with hospitalization were age≥60 and complete consciousness loss unlike predisposing circumstances to vagal hypertonia. CONCLUSION: Age≥60 and complete consciousness loss seemed to be associated with hospitalization.


Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital , Hospitalization , Syncope/diagnosis , Syncope/economics , Syncope/epidemiology , Triage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Crowding , Emergency Service, Hospital/economics , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Female , France/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Syncope/therapy , Triage/economics , Triage/methods , Young Adult
13.
J Clin Microbiol ; 47(4): 1252-4, 2009 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19193838

ABSTRACT

We report a case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) primo infection with the development of successive infectious mononucleosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder in a patient treated with azathioprine for Crohn's disease. This case report suggests that specific EBV-related clinical and virological management should be considered when treating a patient with inflammatory bowel disease with azathioprine.


Subject(s)
Azathioprine/adverse effects , Crohn Disease/complications , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Adult , Azathioprine/therapeutic use , Crohn Disease/drug therapy , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Male
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