ABSTRACT
The elimination of organic trace compounds in municipal wastewater was analysed at three German wastewater treatment plants. Additionally, the effects of advanced treatment, membrane filtration, adsorption and oxidation processes were investigated. To assess the ecotoxicity of effluents, a number of tools were used: substance-specific evaluation, case studies for combined effects and risk assessment on the basis of cumulative parameters. The results of the research projects revealed that aquatic environmental risks can be reduced significantly using advanced treatment technologies for wastewater treatment plants.
Subject(s)
Endocrine Disruptors/analysis , Organic Chemicals/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Water Purification/methods , Animals , Endocrine Disruptors/chemistry , Fishes/growth & development , Germany , Organic Chemicals/chemistry , Risk Assessment , Snails/drug effects , Snails/growth & development , Toxicity Tests , Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry , Water Supply/standards , Yeasts/drug effectsABSTRACT
Ozone reacts with the musk fragrances tonalide and galaxolide with rate constants of 8 M(-1)s(-1) and 140 M(-1)s(-1), respectively. In wastewater, ozone eliminates only the more reactive compound, galaxolide, in competition with its reaction with the wastewater matrix. As both compounds are also stripped in a bubble column, tonalide is also eliminated to some extent.
