The ILux® compared to the mechanical meibomian gland expression for the treatment of moderate and severe meibomian gland dysfunction.

AIM: To compare the safety and effectiveness of eyelid treatment with the ILux®-MGD Treatment System in one session versus five sessions of mechanical meibomian gland expression (MMGE) in patients with moderate to severe meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS: A prospective, randomized, open-label, and controlled clinical trial that compared one session of the ILux® MGD Treatment System versus five sessions of MMGE in both eyes of 130 patients aged ≥18y with Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores ≥13, total meibomian gland scores (MGS) of <15 in the lower eyelid of each eye, and non-invasive tear break-up time (NI-TBUT) <10s, who were randomized 1:1 to ILux® or MMGE. RESULTS: The mean age was 58±17.49y. Baseline total MGS scores in both treatment groups were comparable. During follow-up, there were significant differences in total MGS and per sector with P<0.001. Multivariate analysis was performed using generalized estimating equations corresponding to the generalized linear model for repeated means to determine the treatment relationship with total MGS, NIBUT, and OSDI. There was a significant difference between ILux® and MMGE (P<0.001) at follow-up from the first to the twelfth month in MGS, NI-BUT, and OSDI scores. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION: ILux® treatment compared to MMGE significantly improves symptoms and signs in patients with moderate to severe MGD for one year without adverse events.

Antibiotic susceptibility of staphylococci isolates from patients with chronic conjunctivitis: including associated factors and clinical evaluation.

PURPOSE: To determine species of staphylococci in chronic conjunctivitis, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern, patient treatments, clinical course, and clinical conditions. METHODS: In this prospective study, 243 conjunctival cultures were taken from 191 patients with chronic conjunctivitis, we obtained staphylococci susceptibility patterns with E-test, and they were analyzed in coagulase-positive and negative. The minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% of isolates (MIC90) was determined for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Additionally, clinical follow-up and associated factors of all patients were analyzed depending on methicillin resistance (MR) or susceptibility (MS) bacterial state. RESULTS: One hundred and eight (44%) cultures were positive; 81 positive cultures were Gram-positive of which, 77 were staphylococci, 29 coagulase-positive with S. aureus as the most prevalent, 89% MS, and 11% MR. And 48 were coagulase-negative with S. epidermidis as the most isolated with 36% of MS and 64% of MR. Poor susceptibility was found in the staphylococcus coagulase-negative/MR group. Moxifloxacin and vancomycin show the best in vitro activity for all isolates. The MIC90 of moxifloxacin and vancomycin were 0.064/1.5, 0.64/3.0, and 1/3.0 for S. aureus-MS, S. epidermidis-MS, and S. epidermidis-MR, respectively. The most frequently associated factors found in patients with positive culture for staphylococcus were exposure to the health care system 23 (29.87%) of 77 patients and dry eye 23 (29.87%) of 77 patients. Both with a proportion of 3 in 10. CONCLUSION: Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequently isolated from the conjunctiva with 58.33% of MR; even though multiresistance was detected, their susceptibility to a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone, commonly used, such as moxifloxacin, was preserved.

Efficacy of Orbscan II® and Pentacam® topographers by a repeatability analysis when assessing elevation maps in candidates to refractive surgery

Introduction: Anterior and posterior corneal elevations are measurements used to detect keratoconus suspects. Purpose: To determine the efficacy of Orbscan II^® and Pentacam^® when assessing their elevation maps. Materials and methods: The efficacy of the Orbscan II and Pentacam measuring the anterior and posterior corneal elevations were evaluated in a sample of 68 eyes. The concordance between the two devices and the coefficient of repeatability were measured following the parameters of the British Standard Institution by the Bland-Altman concordance analysis and the Lin concordance correlation coefficient. Results: The coefficient of repeatability at the point of maximum anterior elevation was 68.29% with the Orbscan and 24.20% with the Pentacam. The concordance correlation coefficient was 0.64 (CI 95%: 0.48-0.76) with the Orbscan and 0.94 with the Pentacam (CI 95%: 0.91-0.96). The coefficient of repeatability at the point of maximum posterior elevation was 38.7% with the Orbscan and 68.0% with the Pentacam. The concordance correlation coefficient was 0.69 with the Orbscan (CI 95%: 0.55-0.80) with a precision of 0.71 and an accuracy of 0.97, and 0.24 with the Pentacam (CI 95%: 0.00-0.45) with a precision of 0.24 and an accuracy of 0.99. Conclusions: Measurement of the point of maximum posterior elevation is better with the Orbscan II and less precise with the Pentacam. The random error can be reduced by using the mean of three assessments and can serve as a guide in the search of diagnostic devices with minimum absolute relative error in all measurements.

Introducción. La elevación posterior es una de las medidas usadas para detectar pacientes con sospecha de queratocono. Objetivo. Determinar la eficacia del Orbscan II y Pentacam en la evaluación de los mapas de elevación. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron 68 ojos con Orbscan II y Pentacam. Con parámetros del British Standard Institution, se midieron el coeficiente de repetibilidad mediante un análisis de concordancia con el método de Bland-Altman y el coeficiente de correlación de concordancia de Lin. Se midió la concordancia entre ambos equipos. Resultados. El coeficiente de repetibilidad del punto de máxima elevación anterior en Orbscan fue de 68,29% y de 24,20% en Pentacam. El coeficiente de correlación de concordancia fue de 0,64 (IC95% 0,48-0,76) en Orbscan y en Pentacam fue de 0,94 (IC95% 0,91-0,96). El coeficiente de repetibilidad del punto de máxima elevación posterior en Orbscan fue de 38,69% y en Pentacam fue 68,03%. El coeficiente de correlación de concordancia en Orbscan fue de 0,69 (IC95% 0,55-0,80) con una precisión de 0,71 y una exactitud de 0,97, y en Pentacam fue de 0,24 (IC95% 0,00-0,45) con una precisión de 0,24 y una exactitud de 0,99. Conclusiones. La eficacia de Orbscan II y Pentacam en la evaluación del punto de máxima elevación posterior resulta afectada por la imprecisión de la medida y es peor en el Pentacam. Este error aleatorio se puede manejar usando la media de tres mediciones y nos orienta a la búsqueda de equipos en los que el error relativo absoluto sea el menor posible en todas las medidas que ofrezca.

Efficacy of Orbscan II and Pentacam topographers by a repeatability analysis when assessing elevation maps in candidates to refractive surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Anterior and posterior corneal elevations are measurements used to detect keratoconus suspects. PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of Orbscan II and Pentacam when assessing their elevation maps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The efficacy of the Orbscan II and Pentacam measuring the anterior and posterior corneal elevations were evaluated in a sample of 68 eyes. The concordance between the two devices and the coefficient of repeatability were measured following the parameters of the British Standard Institution by the Bland-Altman concordance analysis and the Lin concordance correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The coefficient of repeatability at the point of maximum anterior elevation was 68.29% with the Orbscan and 24.20% with the Pentacam. The concordance correlation coefficient was 0.64 (CI 95%: 0.48-0.76) with the Orbscan and 0.94 with the Pentacam (CI 95%: 0.91-0.96). The coefficient of repeatability at the point of maximum posterior elevation was 38.7% with the Orbscan and 68.0% with the Pentacam. The concordance correlation coefficient was 0.69 with the Orbscan (CI 95%: 0.55-0.80) with a precision of 0.71 and an accuracy of 0.97, and 0.24 with the Pentacam (CI 95%: 0.00-0.45) with a precision of 0.24 and an accuracy of 0.99. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of the point of maximum posterior elevation is better with the Orbscan II and less precise with the Pentacam. The random error can be reduced by using the mean of three assessments and can serve as a guide in the search of diagnostic devices with minimum absolute relative error in all measurements.

Cirugía de pterigio sin recurrencias / Pterygium surgery without recurrence

En Colombia el pterigio es una enfermedad que causa consultas frecuentes y se presenta al oftalmólogo como una entidad que sólo se puede solucionar quirúrgicamente, teniendo el problema de las recurrencias. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura basada en la evidencia para intentar explicar los fenómenos fisiopatogénicos de la génesis del pterigio y de este modo proponer una técnica quirúrgica sin recurrencias. Se tomó un grupo de 82 pacientes a los cuales se les realizó resección del pterigio con injerto, mitomicina C y viscoelástico a quienes se les hizo un seguimiento de 6 meses con ninguna recidiva

Guías de manejo de las queratitis infecciosas bacterianas. Hospital Universitario del Valle, enero-julio 2002 / Guides to treatment of bacterial infectious keratitis

Propósito. Evaluar los resultados de la aplicación de las guías de manejo de las queratitis infecciosas bacterianas en pacientes que llegan al Servicio de Oftalmología.Métodos. Ingresaron con diagnóstico de queratitis infecciosas bacterianas 21 pacientes durante 6 meses.Resultados. De 18 queratitis infecciosas, 16 (88.9/100) se manejaron medicamente y 2 se les realizó tratamiento quirúrgico; 50/100 (9) se diagnosticaron como severas, 14 cumplieron criterios para tomar muestras de laboratorio: sensibilidad del Gram es de 50/100 y la sensibilidad de cultivos para bacterias es de 64.2/100. La bacteria encontrada con más frecuencia fue el Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusión. El estudio demostró evidentemente que las guías de manejo propuestas para las queratitis infecciosas bacterianas son útiles para lograr su recuperación sin complicaciones (prueba exacta de Fisher p= 0.001032)