miR-3202 inhibits bronchopulmonary dysplasia-mediated apoptosis and oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells via targeting RAG1.

BACKGROUND: BPD is a refractory disease affecting preterm infants with alveolar dysplasia and declined pulmonary function. However, the molecular mechanism underlying BPD is largely unknown. To explore the pathogenic mechanism of BPD and to facilitate better diagnosis and treatment of this disease. METHOD: The DEMs and DEGs in BPD vs. Control samples from the miRNA expression data in GSE108754 and mRNA expression data in the GSE108755 were screened, followed by the construction of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. DEGs PPI network and hub DEGs analysis were constructed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were then performed for these DEGs and DEMs based on the ClusterProfiler package in the R and the miRWalk database. The k-mean algorithm is used to perform clustering analysis of DEGs. Cellular experiments (flow cytometry, western blot, RT-PCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay) were used to validate the results of bioinformatics. RESULTS: We obtained 20 DEMs and 262 DEGs. A 15 DEMs-11 DEGs regulatory network was constructed. miR-3202-RAG1 is a core sub-network. Hyperoxia induced a cell model of BPD. The upregulation of RAG1 and downregulation of miR-3202 were observed in BPD cells. Furthermore, siRNA targeting RAG1 was transfected into BEAS-2B cells to inhibit its expression and miR-3202 mimics was transfected into the cells to increase its expression. Inhibition of RAG1 and elevation of miR-3202 inhibit cell apoptosis and reduce ROS level caused by hyperoxia. A double-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-3202 directly targets RAG1. CONCLUSION: The miRNA-3202/RAG1 axis contributes into BPD-induced cell apoptosis and ROS production. The present study provides a probable target for the treatment of BPD.

FGL1: a novel biomarker and target for non-small cell lung cancer, promoting tumor progression and metastasis through KDM4A/STAT3 transcription mechanism.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by a high incidence rate and poor prognosis worldwide. A deeper insight into the pathogenesis of NSCLC and identification of novel therapeutic targets are essential to improve the prognosis of NSCLC. In this study, we revealed that fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, we found that Stat3 acts as a transcription factor and can be recruited to the FGL1 promoter, enhancing FGL1 promoter activity. Lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A) interacts with Stat3 and facilitates the removal of methyl groups from H3K9me3, thereby enhancing Stat3-mediated transcription of FGL1. Furthermore, we observed that Stat3 and KDM4A promote NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion partly by upregulating FGL1 expression. Additionally, the expression of FGL1 was significantly higher in cancer tissues (n = 90) than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (n = 90). Furthermore, patients with high FGL1 expression had a shorter overall survival (OS) compared to those with low FGL1 expression. We measured the expression levels of FGL1 on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in 65 patients and found that patients with a dynamic decrease in FGL1 expression on CTCs exhibited a better therapeutic response. These findings suggest that the dynamic changes in FGL1 expression can serve as a potential biomarker for predicting treatment efficacy in NSCLC. Overall, this study revealed the significant role and regulatory mechanisms of FGL1 in the development of NSCLC, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for patients with NSCLC. Future studies should provide more personalized and effective treatment options for patients with NSCLC to improve clinical outcomes.

Classifying self-management clusters of patients with mild cognitive impairment associated with diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to propose a self-management clusters classification method to determine the self-management ability of elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). BACKGROUND: MCI associated with DM is a common chronic disease in old adults. Self-management affects the disease progression of patients to a large extent. However, the comorbidity and patients' self-management ability are heterogeneous. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study based on cluster analysis is designed in this paper. METHOD: The study included 235 participants. The diabetes self-management scale is used to evaluate the self-management ability of patients. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyse the data, including descriptive statistics, agglomerative hierarchical clustering with Ward's method before k-means clustering, k-means clustering analysis, analysis of variance and chi-square test. RESULTS: Three clusters of self-management styles were classified as follows: Disease neglect type, life oriented type and medical dependence type. Among all participants, the percentages of the three clusters above are 9.78%, 32.77% and 57.45%, respectively. The difference between the six dimensions of each cluster is statistically significant. CONCLUSION(S): This study classified three groups of self-management styles, and each group has its own self-management characteristics. The characteristics of the three clusters may help to provide personalized self-management strategies and delay the disease progression of MCI associated with DM patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Typological methods can be used to discover the characteristics of patient clusters and provide personalized care to improve the efficiency of patient self-management to delay the progress of the disease. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: In our study, we invited patients and members of the public to participate in the research survey and conducted data collection.

Effect of self-determination theory-based integrated creative art (SDTICA) program on older adults with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes: Study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The cognitive benefits of early non-pharmacological approaches have been demonstrated in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, older adults living in nursing homes have more severe cognitive impairment problems and lower initiative and compliance to participate in complex interventions. Hence, it important to investigate more attractive and sustainable methods to prevent or delay cognitive decline. The present study adopts the self-determination theory (SDT) as a theoretical framework to innovatively develop an integrated art-based intervention for older adults with MCI in nursing homes in China and aims to evaluate its effects on cognitive function, mental health, and other health-related outcomes. METHODS: The study is a nursing home-based, cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) that targets older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) with MCI in Fuzhou City, China. All nursing homes in the area covered by Fuzhou City are invited to participate. Eligible nursing homes are randomised to one of two groups: intervention group (receive a 14-week, 27-session intervention) and waitlist control group (receive the usual care). The SDT-based integrated creative art (SDTICA) program reasonably adopts the SDT as a theoretical framework to innovatively develop an integrated art-based intervention for older adults with MCI in nursing homes. The primary (global cognitive function and psychological indicator) and secondary (daily activity function, social function, and specific domains of cognitive function) outcomes will be measured at baseline, after the intervention, and during follow-up. DISCUSSION: This study aims to evaluate the effects of SDTICA program on neuropsychological outcomes in older adults with MCI and provide scientific evidence for art-based non-pharmacologic interventions in nursing homes, which may reduce dementia risk in older adults with MCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was prospectively registered at the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry with the registration number ChiCTR2200061681 on 30 June 2022.

18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers for diagnosis of non stage ⅠA limited-stage small cell lung cancer / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To observe the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers for diagnosis of non stageⅠ A limited-stage small cell lung cancer(LS-SCLC).Methods Totally 87 cases of non stage Ⅰ A LS-SCLC(LS-SCLC group),137 of non stage Ⅰ A non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC,NSCLC group)and 48 cases of pulmonary inflammatory lesions(inflammatory group)were enrolled.Patients'general data,tumor marker levels and PET/CT findings were comparatively analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of parameters for diagnosing non stage Ⅰ A LS-SCLC.Results There were significant differences of patients'age,neuron-specific enolase(NSE),pro-gastrin-releasing peptide(ProGRP),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCCA)and cytokeratin-19-fragment(CYFRA21-1),as well as of the maximum lesion diameter,maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax),morphology,spiculation sign,relationship between long axis and bronchus,lymph node fusion and proportion of lymph node with higher SUVmax than primary lesion among 3 groups(all P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of the combination of spiculation sign,NSE＞23.5 μg/L,ProGRP＞111.8 ng/L,SCCA≤2.5 μg/L and CYFRA21-1≤7.4 μg/L for differentiating LS-SCLC and NSCLC was 0.91,higher than that of each single parameter(all P＜0.05).AUC of the combination of SUVmax＞8.1,NSE＞19.4 μg/L,ProGRP＞72.5 ng/L and lymph node fusion for differentiating LS-SCLC and pulmonary inflammatory lesions was 0.99,higher than each single parameter(all P＜0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers ProGRP and NSE was helpful for diagnosing non stage ⅠA LS-SCLC.

Value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers ProGRP and NSE in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of stageⅠA small cell lung cancer / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To explore the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of stageⅠA small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods:From June 2017 to October 2021, 113 patients (75 males, 38 females; age 32-79 years) with stageⅠA lung cancer (70 with adenocarcinoma, 25 with squamous cell carcinoma, 18 with SCLC; patients with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were combined into non-SCLC (NSCLC) group) and 30 patients with benign pulmonary nodule (21 males, 9 females; age 37-77 years) from the Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were examined by 18F-FDG PET/CT and serum tumor markers associated with lung cancer. Differences of the clinical, imaging and tumor markers data among different groups were analyzed by χ2 test, Fisher exact test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. Independent risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis was used to analyze the value of different predictive factors in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SCLC. Results:There were significant differences in SUV max, lobulation sign, spiculation sign, calcification, pleural traction sign, ProGRP, NSE and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) among SCLC, NSCLC and benign nodules groups ( H values: 14.06-20.54, χ2 values: 8.16-14.95, all P<0.05), in which lobulation sign of SCLC was more than that of benign nodules (12/18 vs 26.7%(8/30); χ2=7.41, P=0.007), spiculation sign (2/18 vs 51.6%(49/95); χ2=10.01, P=0.002) and pleural traction sign (1/18 vs 35.8%(34/95); χ2=6.47, P=0.011) were less than those of NSCLC, SUV max was higher than that of benign nodules (7.4(5.8, 9.0) vs 2.3(1.4, 5.1); H=51.82, P<0.001), ProGRP was higher than that of NSCLC and benign nodules (64.0(40.1, 84.8) vs 38.7(26.9, 47.6), 36.7(29.1, 40.5) ng/L; H values: 36.13, 43.96, P values: 0.002, 0.001) and NSE was higher than that of benign nodules (12.4(10.9, 14.5) vs 7.4(5.4, 11.8) μg/L; H=40.53, P=0.001). When differentiated SCLC from NSCLC, spiculation sign (odds ratio ( OR)=0.043, 95% CI: 0.004-0.450, P=0.009) and ProGRP ( OR=1.083, 95% CI: 1.035-1.133, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for SCLC, and the AUC of the two factors combination was 0.875, with the sensitivity and specificity of 14/18 and 84.2%(80/95). When differentiated SCLC from benign nodules, SUV max( OR=2.706, 95% CI: 1.099-6.662, P=0.030), ProGRP ( OR=1.165, 95% CI: 1.009-1.344, P=0.038) and NSE ( OR=1.639, 95% CI: 1.016-2.645, P=0.043) were independent risk factors for SCLC, and the AUC of the three factors combination was 0.985, with the sensitivity and specificity of 17/18 and 96.7%(29/30). Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT combined with tumor markers ProGRP and NSE is helpful to improve the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of stage ⅠA SCLC.

Effectiveness of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi root in pregnancy-related diseases: A review / 中西医结合学报

The root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, also called Huangqin, is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine. In ancient China, S. baicalensis root was used to clear heat, protect the fetus, and avoid a miscarriage for thousands of years. In modern times, pregnancy-related diseases can seriously affect maternal and fetal health, but few systematic studies have explored the mechanisms and potential targets of S. baicalensis root in the treatment of pregnancy-related diseases. Flavonoids (baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A) and flavonoid glycosides (baicalin and wogonoside) are the main chemical components in the root of S. baicalensis. This study presents the current understanding of the major chemical components in the root of S. baicalensis, focusing on their traditional uses, potential therapeutic effects and ethnopharmacological relevance to pregnancy-related disorders. The mechanisms, potential targets and experimental models of S. baicalensis root for ameliorating pregnancy-related diseases, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes mellitus, are highlighted.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes status, programmed death-ligand 1 expression, and clinicopathological features of 41 cases of pure apocrine carcinoma of the breast: a retrospective study based on clinical pathological analysis and different immune statuses.

Background: Pure apocrine carcinoma (AC) of the breast can be divided into human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive and triple-negative apocrine carcinoma (TNAC). Some studies showed that triple negative breast cancer with low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status may be a therapeutic target for immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the clinicopathological features of different HER2 expression, TILs status and PD-L1 expression in AC are not clear. Therefore, we investigate the status of TILs and PD-L1, as well as the clinicopathological features of pure apocrine carcinoma of the breast. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data, and prognosis of 41 cases of pure apocrine carcinoma of the breast that underwent surgical resection from January 2014 to November 2020. TILs were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was applied to detect PD-L1 protein expression in 14 of these samples from January 2019 to November 2020. The expression and correlation of HER2, TILs, PD-L1 and clinicopathological features and prognoses were analyzed. Results: A total of 80.5% (33/41) of patients had TILs <50%, and 19.5% (8/41) had TILs ≥50%. The expression of TILs and the Ki-67 proliferation index were significantly higher in the HER2-positive group (41.5%, 17/41) compared to the HER2-negative group (58.5%, 24/41) (P<0.05). Approximately 52.9% (9/17) of HER2-positive patients treated with Trastuzumab targeted therapy, overall survival was higher in HER2-positive patients than in HER2-negative patients (P=0.211). The PD-L1 positivity rate was 50% (7/14) in the 14 pure apocrine carcinoma of the breast samples, and 66.7% (4/6) and 37.5% (3/8) in the HER2-negative and HER2-positive groups, respectively, with no significant difference (P=0.592). Among these 14 cases, two samples had TILs ≥50%, both of which were positive for PD-L1 and Ki67 >20%; and 12 cases had TILs <50%, of which 41.7% (5/12) were PD-L1-positive and 58.3% (7/12) were PD-L1-negative. All 14 cases with PD-L1-negative had TILs <50%. There was no significant difference in overall survival between TILs and Ki67 co-expression (P=0.452). Conclusions: Pure AC HER2-positive patients have higher levels of TILs and Ki67, HER2 negative and TILs ≥50% patients may have higher PD-L1 expression, which may be helpful for screening patients with different immune statuses to guide effective clinical treatment combinations.

[A multicenter survey of antibiotic use in very and extremely low birth weight infants in Hunan Province].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current status of antibiotic use for very and extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of Hunan Province. METHODS: The use of antibiotics was investigated in multiple level 3 NICUs of Hunan Province for VLBW and ELBW infants born between January, 2017 and December, 2017. RESULTS: The clinical data of 1 442 VLBW/ELBW infants were collected from 24 NICUs in 2017. The median antibiotic use duration was 17 days (range: 0-86 days), accounting for 53.0% of the total length of hospital stay. The highest duration of antibiotic use was up to 91.4% of the total length of hospital stay, with the lowest at 14.6%. In 16 out of 24 NICUs, the antibiotic use duration was accounted for more than 50.0% of the hospitalization days. There were 113 cases with positive bacterial culture grown in blood or cerebrospinal fluid, making the positive rate of overall bacterial culture as 7.84%. The positive rate of bacterial culture in different NICUs was significantly different from 0% to 14.9%. The common isolated bacterial pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae was 29 cases (25.7%); Escherichia coli 12 cases (10.6%); Staphylococcus aureus 3 cases (2.7%). The most commonly used antibiotics were third-generation of cephalosporins, accounting for 41.00% of the total antibiotics, followed by penicillins, accounting for 32.10%, and followed by carbapenems, accounting for 13.15%. The proportion of antibiotic use time was negatively correlated with birth weight Z-score and the change in weight Z-score between birth and hospital discharge (rs=-0.095, -0.151 respectively, P<0.01), positively correlated with death/withdrawal of care (rs=0.196, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotics used for VLBW/ELBW infants in NICUs of Hunan Province are obviously prolonged in many NICUs. The proportion of routine use of third-generation of cephalosporins and carbapenems antibiotics is high among the NICUs.

A multicenter survey of antibiotic use in very and extremely low birth weight infants in Hunan Province / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the current status of antibiotic use for very and extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of Hunan Province.@*METHODS@#The use of antibiotics was investigated in multiple level 3 NICUs of Hunan Province for VLBW and ELBW infants born between January, 2017 and December, 2017.@*RESULTS@#The clinical data of 1 442 VLBW/ELBW infants were collected from 24 NICUs in 2017. The median antibiotic use duration was 17 days (range: 0-86 days), accounting for 53.0% of the total length of hospital stay. The highest duration of antibiotic use was up to 91.4% of the total length of hospital stay, with the lowest at 14.6%. In 16 out of 24 NICUs, the antibiotic use duration was accounted for more than 50.0% of the hospitalization days. There were 113 cases with positive bacterial culture grown in blood or cerebrospinal fluid, making the positive rate of overall bacterial culture as 7.84%. The positive rate of bacterial culture in different NICUs was significantly different from 0% to 14.9%. The common isolated bacterial pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae was 29 cases (25.7%); Escherichia coli 12 cases (10.6%); Staphylococcus aureus 3 cases (2.7%). The most commonly used antibiotics were third-generation of cephalosporins, accounting for 41.00% of the total antibiotics, followed by penicillins, accounting for 32.10%, and followed by carbapenems, accounting for 13.15%. The proportion of antibiotic use time was negatively correlated with birth weight Z-score and the change in weight Z-score between birth and hospital discharge (r=-0.095, -0.151 respectively, P<0.01), positively correlated with death/withdrawal of care (r=0.196, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Antibiotics used for VLBW/ELBW infants in NICUs of Hunan Province are obviously prolonged in many NICUs. The proportion of routine use of third-generation of cephalosporins and carbapenems antibiotics is high among the NICUs.

The preoperative scoring system for high-risk gastric stromal tumors / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To explore a scoring system of preoperative evaluation for high-risk gastric stromal tumors.Methods:A total of 275 consecutive patients with gastric stromal tumors of diameter ≤5 cm who underwent surgical or endoscopic resection at Xijing Hospital between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate independent risk factors for high-risk gastric stromal tumors.Weighted points was proportionally assigned based on β regression coefficient value to establish the scoring system. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, the scoring system as the test variable, and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated.Results:Multivariate analysis revealed tumor size>1.75 cm ( OR=6.474, 95% CI: 2.335-17.948), irregular tumor shape ( OR=3.548, 95% CI: 1.745-7.216) and mucosal ulceration ( OR=2.412, 95% CI: 1.154-5.041) were independent risk factors for high-risk gastric stromal tumors of diameter ≤5 cm ( P<0.05). These risk factors for high-risk gastric stromal tumors were weighted with value: one point for mucosal ulceration, two points for irregular tumor shape and three points for tumor size>1.75 cm. The AUC value of the scoring system was 0.781, of which the cut-off value was 4. According to the cut-off value, 0-3 points was categorized as the low risk group and 4-6 points as the high risk group for gastric stromal tumors. The incidence of high-risk gastric stromal tumors of the low risk group and the high risk group were 13.3% (26/196) and 48.1% (38/79), respectively, with significant difference ( χ2=38.266, P<0.001). Conclusion:Tumor size larger than 1.75 cm, irregular tumor shape and mucosal ulceration can be applied to establish a preoperative scoring system to predict high-risk gastric stromal tumors of diameter ≤5 cm.

Diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with integrated contrast-enhanced CT for hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To explore the value of 18F-fluorodexyglucose (FDG) PET/CT combined with integrated contrast-enhanced CT on the diagnosis of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma(HEH). Methods:Six patients (2 males, 4 females, age: (41.0±5.6) years) histopathologically confirmed to be HEH in Qingdao Central Hospital between November 2013 and November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT dual-phase imaging and three-phase dynamic enhanced scanning with integrated CT. Characteristics of 18F-FDG PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT images were classified and analyzed. Results:All 6 patients had multi-lesions (30 lesions in total). The capsule retraction sign was found in 16.7% (5/30) lesions, target sign was found in 33.3% (10/30) lesions, and " lollipop sign" was found in 13.3% (4/30) lesions. There were three ways of enhancement showed by CT: mild progressive enhancement, delayed enhancement, and black target sign/white target sign in the portal phase. Among the 30 lesions, 66.7% (20/30) had higher 18F-FDG uptake than liver parenchyma, with maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) of 4.18±0.64 during routine imaging and 4.23±0.70 during delayed imaging, and the retention index was 0.65(-1.88, 4.60). The rest 33.3% (10/30) showed similar 18F-FDG uptake to liver parenchyma, with SUV max of 2.75±0.52 during routine imaging, and 2.78±0.55 during delayed imaging. The uptake of 18F-FDG increased with time in 22 lesions and decreased in 8 lesions. In the metabolically heterogeneous lesions, the relatively high-metabolization site was also the site with higher peak enhancement; in the lesions with uniform metabolism, the CT enhancement was also uniform. Bilateral pulmonary metastases were found in 2/6 patients. Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT dual-phase imaging combined with CT three-phase dynamic enhanced scanning is helpful in accurate diagnosis of HEH and could show extrahepatic metastases.

Inhibitory Effect of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor SAHA on Proliferation of Mouse Multiple Myeloma Cell Line SP2/0 in vitro and in vivo / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the anti-myeloma effect of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and on mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0 in vitro and in vivo and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The inhibitory effect of SAHA on SP2/0 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay,and the apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry FACS. The protein expression of Caspase-3 and p53 of SP2/0 cells treated with SAHA were examined by Western blot. Annexin V/7-AAD double staining was performed to detect the apoptosis of SP2/0 induced by SAHA in vitro. SP2/0 cells (1×10) resuspended in 200 µl PBS were inoculated subcutaneously and intravenously into BALB/c mice, so as to establish aggressive or non-aggressive myeloma-bearing mouse models respectively. On day 3 after modeling, mice received SAHA or vehicle control treatment by intraperitoneal injection. The dose of SAHA was 60 mg/kg·d, 5 times a week for 3 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In SAHA-treated SP2/0 cells, the proliferation inhibition rate and apoptotic cells increased in a dose dependent manner. Also, SAHA significantly increased the ratio of cells in G phase and decreased in S phase. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of SP2/0 induced by SAHA partly correlated with up-regulating the expression level of Caspase-3 and p53. In the non-aggressive myeloma-bearing mice, SP2/0 cells disappeared in peripheral blood after SAHA treatment. In the aggressive myeloma-bearing mice, inhibition of tumor growth and prolongation of the cell survival were observed after SAHA treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SAHA inhibited SP2/0 cell proliferation, this effect associates with inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, the mechanism of SAHA ralates partly with activating Caspase-3 and p53 pathway.</p>

Characteristics of autophagy and its effect on cell proliferation in giant cell tumor of bone / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the autophagy characteristics of giant cell tumor of bone and its effect on cell proliferation. Methods Giant cell tumors of bone (GCT-0404 cells) were cultured in vitro and treated with serum-starvation, rapamycin and inhibitor chloroquine. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the autophagic markers LC3 and Beclin 1 expression. Immunofluorescence method was used to show intracellular autophagy formation. Inverted microscope was used to observe the cell morphology. CCK-8 assays were used to detect the cell viability. Results Green fluorescent spots that represented the transformation level of LC3-I to LC3-Ⅱ increased significantly (P＜0.05) by serum-starvation, rapamycin and inhibitor chloroquine respectively, but the expression level of Beclin 1 was not raised. In addition, the cell morphology changed significantly, and cell proliferation was inhibited after serum-starvation, and treatment with rapamycin and inhibitor chloroquine (P＜0.05), Conclusion The changes of autophagy caused by serum starvation, rapamycin and inhibitor chloroquine in GCT-0404 cells may be involved in the down-regulation of cell proliferation.

Assessment of volume status in maintenance hemodialysis patients / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To assess volume status in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods · Body composition analysis was performed on 128 MHD patients from Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.The volume status was assessed based on body composition data and predialysis systolic blood pressure (preBPsys),edema grade,brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).Patients were divided into hyperhydrated group (percentage of hydration status,HS％＞ 15％) or normohydrated group (HS％ ≤ 15％).Body composition data were compared,including lean tissue index (LTI) and fat tissue index (FTI).The blood pressure,edema grade,serum calcium,serum phosphate,intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH),hemoglobin,albumin,pre-albumin,hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),serum sodium,and urea clearance Kt/V were compared between two groups.Results · Sixtynine patients were normohydrated and preBPsys reached target;10 patients were overhydrated with higher preBPsys;18 patients had overhydration but preBPsys was in target range.Compared to normohydraed group,patients in hyperhydmted group had more obvious edema,higher BNP level,significantly lower LTI,serum albumin and pre-albumin levels,while serum sodium was significantly higher (P＜0.05).Conclusion· Volume status of hemodialysis patients can be objectively and accurately assessed by body composition analysis using bioimpedance technique with blood pressure,edema grade and biochemical parameters.Hyperhydrated patients may have higher serum sodium level,lower serum albumin,lower hemoglobin,and less lean tissue mass concomitantly.Sodium intake control,nutrition status improvement,and anemia correction may be useful to reduce hyperhydration.

Differential diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To investigate the differential diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT for benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures in patients with malignant tumor.Methods From August 2007 to July 2016,79 patients with vertebral compression fractures were enrolled.Patients were divided into 3 groups based on clinical follow-up or pathological results:osteoporosis group (n =40;13 males,27 females,median age:77 years),metastasis group (n=27;18 males,9 females,median age:64 years) and myeloma group (n=12;7 males,5 females,median age:67.5 years).Characteristics of 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of involved vertebrae were compared using x2 test,one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t test.SUVmax of normal L2 vertebral body was regarded as the control.Results (1) There were 53,41 and 16 compression fractures identified in osteoporosis group,metastasis group and myeloma group,respectively.No paravertebral soft tissue mass or spinal accessory involvement was found in osteoporosis group.In metastasis group,14(34.15％,14/41) paravertebral soft tissue masses and 28 spinal accessory involvements (68.29％,28/41) were detected,and the numbers were 2 (2/16) and 16 (16/16) for myeloma group respectively.There were significant differences for paravertebral soft tissue masses and spinal accessory involvements among 3 groups (x2 values:21.75,73.10,both P＜0.01).(2)In osteoporosis group,all lesions displayed strip-like (100％,53/53) 18F-FDG accumulation.In metastasis group,there were nodular accumulation (12.20％,5/41),bulk accumulation (43.90％,18/41),and irregular accumulation (43.90％,18/41).In myeloma group,the 18 F-FDG accumulation were strip-like (14/16) and irregular (2/16).The accumulation patterns among 3 groups were significantly different (x2=103.67,P＜0.01).(3)SUVmax of osteoporosis group,metastasis group,myeloma group and control group was 4.00±0.14,7.33±4.05,4.17±0.39 and 2.33±0.06,respectively (F=46.45,P＜0.01).The SUVmax between each 2 groups were significant (t values:12.38-29.51,all P＜0.05) except for that between osteoporosis group and myeloma group (t=0.26,P＞0.05).Conclusions Strip-like 18F-FDG accumulation,SUVmax of vertebral body,paravertebral soft tissue masses and spinal accessory involvements in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging are important for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant compression fractures.

Risk factors influencing operating efficiency of endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric mucosal lesions / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To explore risk factors of influencing operating efficiency of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric mucosal lesions. Methods The data of 304 cases with gastric mucosal lesion undergoing ESD in Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease from April 2009 to February 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The procedure time and complete resection rate ( R0 resection rate ) were regarded as indicators of ESD efficiency. Risk factors influencing procedure time and R0 resection rate were analyzed using Chi-square test and logistic regression. Results Using median procedure time of 45 min as the cutoff value, Chi-square test showed that specimen size ( P=0. 000) , lesion location ( P=0. 001) , and pathological type ( P=0. 003) affected the operation time. Further logistic regression analysis indicated that specimen size (≥40 mm/<40 mm, P<0. 001, OR=3. 748, 95％CI: 2. 247-6. 254) and lesion location (upper or middle 1/3 of stomach/lower 1/3 of stomach, P=0. 001, OR=2. 180, 95％CI: 1. 318-3. 606) were independent risk factors of procedure time. Using R0 resection as outcome measure, neither single nor multiple parameter analysis was statistically significant. Conclusion Specimen size and lesion location are independent risk factors influencing efficiency of gastric mucosal ESD, and could be possibly used to estimate the procedure time of ESD.

Clinical Study on Needle Knife plus Rehabilitation Training for Treatment of Cerebral Paralysis with Strephexopodia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of needle knife plus rehabilitation training in treating cerebral paralysis (CP) with strephexopodia.Methods One hundred and one CP patients with single or double strephexopodia were randomized to a treatment group (51 cases) and a control group (50 cases).The control group received rehabilitation training based on hospital-community-home network rehabilitation mode.The treatment group received needle knife therapy in addition.Both groups were treated for six months.The clinical therapeutic effects were evaluated in the two groups by comparing pre-/post-treatment footprint ratios and weight-bearing lateral X-ray results.Results There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the footprint ratio and xy/yz ratio between the two groups (P＜0.05).There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the space between navicular tubercles and ground and the space between the cuboid bone and ground in the treatment group (P＜0.05).As compared with the control group,the space between navicular tubercles and ground and the space between the cuboid bone and ground had statistically significant post-treatment differences in the treatment group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Needle knife plus rehabilitation training can effectively relieve strephexopodia in CP patients.

Prognostic value of the number of lesions with SUVmax>2.5 and metabolic tumor volume assessed by 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging in patients with multiple myeloma / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To investigate the effective indicators for the prognosis assessment in pa?tients with multiple myeloma (MM) by 18F?FDG PET/CT imaging. Methods A total of 36 patients(22 males, 14 females;median age 63.5 years) with MM confirmed by clinical or pathology from July 2007 to November 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The number of lesions detected by PET/CT, the number of lesions with SUVmax>2.5, the SUVmax and MTV of each lesion were calculated. The correlation analysis was performed between the number of lesions detected by PET or CT,the number of lesions with SUVmax>2.5, the SUVmax , MTV and serumβ2?microglobulin (β2?M) , respectively. The patients were divided into differ?ent groups according to the development of lesions and the survival situation during the follow?up ( 4-92 months) . Kaplan?Meier analysis and multivariate Cox model were used to analyze the prognostic significance of the number of lesions detected by PET or CT and the number of lesions with SUVmax>2.5, the SUVmax and MTV. Results Both the number of lesions with SUVmax>2. 5 and MTV showed positive correlations with blood β2?M (r=0.776, 0.954, both P0.05) . The number of lesions with SUVmax>2.5 and MTV in the progressive group( n=14) were significantly higher than those in the regressive group(n=22):66.57±4.59 vs 31.95±4.75, t=4.95, P2.5 and MTV were significantly higher in the dead group(n=15) than those in the survival group(n=21):65.73±4.32 vs 30.90±4.87, t=5.10, P2. 5, and those were 114.74 and 105.48 cm3 for MTV, respectively. The progression?free survival rate was worse in the patients with higher index than those with lower value (χ2=18.20, 29.74, both P2.5 and MTV on 18 F?FDG PET/CT images could predict the progression?free survival and overall survival rates of patients with MM, which may provide accurate prognosis information.

Clinical value of (18)F-FDGPET/CT in differentiation between benign lesions and lung cancer for large shadows in patients with pneumoconiosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical value of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the differentiation between benign lesions and lung cancer for large shadows in patients with pneumoconiosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was conducted in 21 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of pneumoconiosis who had a total of 37 large shadows in the lung fields as shown by whole-body (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging, and (18)F-FDG uptake was evaluated using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Twelve lesions were examined by CT-guided aspiration biopsy, and one case underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy, as well as tests based on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum; the other cases were followed up for more than 2 years. The differences between pneumoconiosis nodules with high (18)F-FDG uptake and lung cancer were evaluated by t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen lung masses or nodules with high (18)F-FDG uptake were detected in 13 patients; among the 13 patients, 5 lesions of 5 cases were confirmed as non?small cell lung cancer (1 case of squamous cell carcinoma, 3 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 1 case of recurrent squamous cell carcinoma after operation), and 7 lesions of 7 cases were progressive massive fibrosis as shown by CT-guided aspiration biopsy; one case had no tumor cells detected by fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and 2.5-year follow-up revealed no changes in the lesions. The other 8 patients showed no increased (18)F-FDG uptake in their 20 lung nodules, which were confirmed as benign lesions by follow-up. The diameter range of lung cancer was 1.6∼6.8 cm, and the SUVmax range was 4.8∼14.0; the diameter range of pneumoconiosis nodules with high (18)F-FDG uptake was 1.5∼4.6 cm, and the SUVmax range was 2.6∼12.4. There were no significant differences in diameter and SUVmax between the lung cancer and pneumoconiosis nodules with high (18)F-FDG uptake (P > 0.05 for both). (18)F-FDG PET/CT had a specificity of 62.5% (20/32), an accuracy of 67.6% (25/37), a false-positive rate of 37.5% (12/32), and a negative predictive value of 100% (20/20) for the diagnosis of lung cancer. The lung cancer detection rate was 23.8% (5/21).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging for patients with pneumoconiosis, the lung lesions without (18)F-FDG uptake or symmetrical lesions with high (18)F-FDG uptake are considered as benign pneumoconiosis nodules; however, (18)F-FDG PET/CT might have a limited role in evaluating the solitary lung lesions in patients with pneumoconiosis and needs further study.</p>