ABSTRACT
Negative pollution effects from atmospheric discharges by aluminium facilities exerted on population health can be traced by the parameters of the reproductive function in women, physical development of newborns, general and differential morbidity of children aged below one year as well as by anthropometric signs in birth, morbidity of children and adults, mortality, including due to oncology. The introduction of modern technologies including the preliminarily fire anode treatment and the use of highly effective methods of purification of industrial wastes cut the concentration (in atmospheric air) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and of solid fluorides as well as of aluminium to maximum permissible concentration; it also essentially reduced the content of benzapilene. A better atmospheric air observed yet in the course of renovation contributed to a lower morbidity of children, aged below one year, as well as to the prevalence of diseases affecting the eyes, respiratory and digestive organs, skin and subcutaneous cellular tissue; it also cuts the number of congenital anomalies versus the data obtained in a neighboring district.
Subject(s)
Aluminum , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Health Status , Industry , Catchment Area, Health , Child , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Illness/etiology , Humans , Russia/epidemiologySubject(s)
Environmental Exposure , Neoplasms/mortality , Population Surveillance , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Simultaneous recording of the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges supplements data on the nature of genetic disorders in the sanitary and toxicological assessment of metals polluting the environment. A obvious threshold of genetic effects of metals was not revealed in the context of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges. Methods for detecting the genotoxicity of metals await further search.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations , Environmental Pollutants/toxicity , Metals/toxicity , Mutagens , Sister Chromatid Exchange , Aluminum/toxicity , Animals , Arsenic/toxicity , Beryllium/toxicity , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Bone Marrow Cells , Chromium/toxicity , Copper/toxicity , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Lymphocytes/cytology , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Manganese Poisoning , Mice , Mutagenicity Tests , Nickel/toxicity , Rats , Tungsten/toxicitySubject(s)
Environmental Exposure , Epidemiologic Methods , Urban Health , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Morbidity , Risk Factors , Siberia , Time FactorsABSTRACT
It has been shown, that aluminum getting into the organism with drinking water in relatively low doses (0.025 mg/kg and higher) produces neurotoxic and mutagenic effects. The data of the investigations substantiate the necessity to correct the maximum allowable level of aluminum in drinking water.
Subject(s)
Aluminum/toxicity , Drinking , Aluminum/administration & dosage , Animals , Chromosome Aberrations , Female , Fetal Death/chemically induced , Genes, Dominant , Genes, Lethal , Humans , Mutation , Pregnancy , RatsABSTRACT
It has been stated that separate and simultaneous administration into the animal organism of low doses of copper, lead and nickel with drinking water is accompanied by dose-dependent change in the level of not only administered but also endogenic elements in animals' organs. A supposition has been made that the character of changes in the content of the administered and endogenic metals is associated in the organism of animals with the depth of disturbances in metabolic processes.
Subject(s)
Bone and Bones/metabolism , Copper/pharmacokinetics , Lead/pharmacokinetics , Nickel/pharmacokinetics , Viscera/metabolism , Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity , Animals , Copper/administration & dosage , Copper/toxicity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drinking , Lead/administration & dosage , Lead/toxicity , Nickel/administration & dosage , Nickel/toxicity , RatsABSTRACT
Through taking into account frequency of sister chromatid metabolisms and chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells of animals it is demonstrated that under long-term body intake chromium in a wide range of doses can produce mutagenic effect. When assessing chromium mutagenic effect in vivo it is also shown that the test on sister chromatid metabolism is more sensitive than the test on chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/drug effects , Chromates/toxicity , Chromosome Aberrations , Potassium Dichromate/toxicity , Sister Chromatid Exchange/drug effects , Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity , Water Pollutants/toxicity , Animals , Bone Marrow/ultrastructure , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drinking , Mice , Mutation , Potassium Dichromate/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Metals/toxicity , Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity , Water Pollutants/toxicity , Animals , Conditioning, Classical/drug effects , Copper/toxicity , Drinking , Female , Fetus/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Molybdenum/toxicity , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Rats , Tungsten/toxicityABSTRACT
Experients showed tungsten, molibdenum, copper and arsenic employed in doses producing no general toxic effect on the organism with their prolonged introduction to act adversely on the embryogenesis. Tungsten copper and arsenic were found to increase the embryonal lethality and tungsten and molebdenum to inhibit the processes of bones ossification in fetuses. The authors presume that the embryotoxic effect of the study elements is due to their direct action on the developing organism. Tungsten molibdenum and copper amass in the organism of test fetuses without being arrested in the placenta. A possible embryotoxic effect should be taken account of in chosing biogenic doses of trace elements.
