Radiological Diagnosis of Neonatal Hydrometrocolpos- A Case Report.

A three-day-old female child presented to us with abdominal distension and lower limb swelling. On ultrasound examination, there was a cystic mass contiguous with the uterus in the lower abdomen and pelvis which showed fluid- debris level. This mass was causing displacement of the urinary bladder anteriorly. MRI confirmed the findings of ultrasound. A diagnosis of hydrometrocolpos secondary to imperforate hymen was made following physical examination. Neonatal hydrometrocolpos is a rare condition which requires a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Hydrometrocolpos refers to the accumulation of secretions within the endometrial and endovaginal canal. Diagnosis can be made prenatally or post natally using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Early diagnosis reduces the incidence of complications.

Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery (PPHA) - A Rare Anomaly with Literature Review.

Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) is a rare embryonic carotid vertebrobasilar artery anastomosis. Hypoglossal artery arises from the internal carotid artery (ICA) between the C1 and C2 vertebral levels and traverses through the hypoglossal canal to join the vertebro-basilar system. We present a rare case of an anomalous right sided PPHA as a sole supply to posterior circulation of brain with absent/hypoplastic bilateral vertebral arteries in a two year child who had presented with acute left sided haemiplegia. Three dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography identified an anomalous vessel arising from the right internal carotid artery at the level of axis vertebra and joining the vertebra-basilar arterial system after coursing through the right hypoglossal canal. This anomaly when present may predispose the person to aneurysm formation, ischaemia in the posterior circulation and atherosclerotic disease of the intracranial vessels.

Congenital anatomic variants of the kidney and ureter: a pictorial essay.

Congenital renal parenchymal and pelvicalyceal abnormalities have a wide spectrum. Most of them are asymptomatic, like that of ectopia, cross fused kidney, horseshoe kidney, etc., while a few of them become complicated, leading to renal failure and death. It is very important for the radiologist to identify these anatomic variants and guide the clinicians for surgical and therapeutic procedures. Cross-sectional imaging with a volume rendered technique/maximum intensity projection has overcome ultrasonography and IVU for identification and interpretation of some of these variants.

Sonological appearance of idiopathic arterial calcification in fetus: A rare case.

Idiopathic arterial calcification (IAC) is a rare disease characterized by extensive arterial wall calcification. This condition is almost always fatal. A total of 162 cases have been reported to date, with most cases diagnosed postnatally and less than 13 cases having been suspected antenatally. This case report describes a case of IAC detected antenatally with USG at 28 weeks' gestation.